Biol 201 f11 lecture 02
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The document discusses cells and their characteristics. It notes that cells are the fundamental units of life and that they demonstrate unity and diversity. Both animal and plant cells share similarities like a nucleus, ribosomes, and similar metabolic processes. They differ in aspects like shape, presence of chloroplasts, and vacuoles. The document also compares prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, noting that prokaryotes lack a nucleus and organelles while being smaller in size, whereas eukaryotes have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles and are generally larger.
Biol 201 f11 lecture 02
- 1. Dr Saba Butt Department of Biological Sciences FCCU
- 2. In Biology or Life Science, it is a membrane- bound unit filled with a concentrated aqueous solution of chemicals and smaller subunits. It is: Capable to grow and divide Make communities and send signals Make organisms
- 4. Cells are fundamental units of life Cells show Unity and Diversity of Life Theme: Function is based upon structure, cells demonstrate it well.
- 5. Similar Organelles (nucleus, ribosomes, golgi, vacoules etc.) Similar molecules (proteins, carbohydrates, fats) Similar processes (Kreb's cycle, ETC, transcription, translation etc.)
- 7. S Animal Cell Plant Cell i Nucleus: Present Present m Cytoplasm: Present Present i Endoplasmic l Reticulum (Smooth Present Present a and Rough): r Ribosomes: Present Present i Mitochondria: Present Present t Golgi Apparatus: Present Present i Microtubules/ e Present Present Microfilaments: s May be found in May be found Flagella: some cells in some cells
- 8. D Animal Cell Plant Cell Cilia: Present It is very rare i Round (irregular Rectangular (fixed f Shape: shape) shape) f Plant cells have e chloroplasts Animal cells don't r Chloroplast: because they have chloroplasts make their own e food n One or more One, large central c small vacuoles vacuole taking up Vacuole: (much smaller 90% of cell e than plant cells). volume. s Present in all Only present in Centrioles: animal cells lower plant forms. Plastids: Absent Present
- 9. Animal Cell Plant Cell Cell wall: Absent Present Plasma only cell cell wall and a cell Membrane: membrane membrane Lysosomes Lysosomes occur Lysosomes: usually not in cytoplasm. evident.
- 10. These have similarities: 1. They both have DNA as their genetic material. 2. They are both membrane bound. 3. They both have ribosomes . 4. They have similar basic metabolism . 5. They are both amazingly diverse in forms.
- 11. No defined nucleus Defined nucleus Simpler nuclear material Complex nuclear material No membrane-bound Have membrane-bound organelles organelles Larger in size (e.g., animal Smaller in size cells 20 microns (e.g., bacteria 1x2microns) Some forms don’t have it; Cell wall made up of who have it, not of peptidoglycan peptidoglycan Divide by binary fission Divide by mitosis Prokaryotes Eukaryotes