Biotechnology Chapter One Lecture- Intro to Biotech
- 3. Learning Outcomes Describe the science of biotechnology and identify its product domains
- 4. Learning Outcomes Describe the science of biotechnology and identify its product domains Give examples of careers and job responsibilities associated with biotechnology
- 5. Learning Outcomes Describe the science of biotechnology and identify its product domains Give examples of careers and job responsibilities associated with biotechnology Outline the steps in producing and delivering a product made through recombinant DNA technology
- 6. Learning Outcomes Describe the science of biotechnology and identify its product domains Give examples of careers and job responsibilities associated with biotechnology Outline the steps in producing and delivering a product made through recombinant DNA technology Describe how scientific methodologies are used to conduct experiments and develop products
- 7. Learning Outcomes Describe the science of biotechnology and identify its product domains Give examples of careers and job responsibilities associated with biotechnology Outline the steps in producing and delivering a product made through recombinant DNA technology Describe how scientific methodologies are used to conduct experiments and develop products Apply the strategy for values clarification to bioethical issues
- 8. 1.1 Defining Biotechnology Biotechnology is defined as the study and manipulation of living things or their component molecules, cells, tissues, or organs.
- 9. Biotechnology Workers and the Biotechnology Workplace
- 10. Biotechnology Workers and the Biotechnology Workplace • Biotechnology Companies - goal is to produce and sell commercial “for-profit” products
- 11. Biotechnology Workers and the Biotechnology Workplace • Biotechnology Companies - goal is to produce and sell commercial “for-profit” products • Universities and Government Labs - conduct “pure science” research, nonprofit
- 12. Biotechnology Workers and the Biotechnology Workplace • Biotechnology Companies - goal is to produce and sell commercial “for-profit” products • Universities and Government Labs - conduct “pure science” research, nonprofit • Growth in the Biotechnology Industry
- 13. 5
- 14. 1.2 The Increasing Variety of Biotechnology Products Bioengineered Products As the methods of manipulating living things have become more sophisticated, the number and variety of biological products have increased at an incredible rate.
- 15. Genetically modified organisms – organisms that contain DNA from another organism and produce new proteins encoded on the acquired DNA Gene Engineered Plant. The organism that gets the new genes will then have the potential to express the new traits coded in the newly acquired genes.
- 16. Producing Genetically Engineered t-PA. Humans make only a small amount of human tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) naturally. By genetically modifying Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, scientists can make large amounts of t-PA for therapeutic purposes, such as to clear blood vessels in the event of a heart attack or stroke.
- 18. Vocabulary
- 19. Vocabulary • DNA – abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, a double-stranded helical molecule that stores genetic information for the production of all of an organism’s proteins
- 20. Vocabulary • DNA – abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, a double-stranded helical molecule that stores genetic information for the production of all of an organism’s proteins • Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology – cutting and recombining DNA molecules
- 21. Vocabulary • DNA – abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, a double-stranded helical molecule that stores genetic information for the production of all of an organism’s proteins • Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology – cutting and recombining DNA molecules • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) – a technique that involves copying short pieces of DNA and then making millions of copies in a short time
- 22. Vocabulary • DNA – abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, a double-stranded helical molecule that stores genetic information for the production of all of an organism’s proteins • Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology – cutting and recombining DNA molecules • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) – a technique that involves copying short pieces of DNA and then making millions of copies in a short time • Cloning – method of asexual reproduction that produces identical organisms
- 23. Vocabulary • DNA – abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, a double-stranded helical molecule that stores genetic information for the production of all of an organism’s proteins • Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology – cutting and recombining DNA molecules • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) – a technique that involves copying short pieces of DNA and then making millions of copies in a short time • Cloning – method of asexual reproduction that produces identical organisms • Fermentation – a process by which, in an oxygen-deprived environment, a cell converts sugar into lactic acid or ethanol to create energy
- 24. Vocabulary • DNA – abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, a double-stranded helical molecule that stores genetic information for the production of all of an organism’s proteins • Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology – cutting and recombining DNA molecules • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) – a technique that involves copying short pieces of DNA and then making millions of copies in a short time • Cloning – method of asexual reproduction that produces identical organisms • Fermentation – a process by which, in an oxygen-deprived environment, a cell converts sugar into lactic acid or ethanol to create energy • Proteases – proteins whose function is to break down other proteins
- 25. Vocabulary • DNA – abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, a double-stranded helical molecule that stores genetic information for the production of all of an organism’s proteins • Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology – cutting and recombining DNA molecules • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) – a technique that involves copying short pieces of DNA and then making millions of copies in a short time • Cloning – method of asexual reproduction that produces identical organisms • Fermentation – a process by which, in an oxygen-deprived environment, a cell converts sugar into lactic acid or ethanol to create energy • Proteases – proteins whose function is to break down other proteins • Antibodies – proteins developed by the immune system that recognize specific molecules (antigens)
- 26. Vocabulary • DNA – abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, a double-stranded helical molecule that stores genetic information for the production of all of an organism’s proteins • Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology – cutting and recombining DNA molecules • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) – a technique that involves copying short pieces of DNA and then making millions of copies in a short time • Cloning – method of asexual reproduction that produces identical organisms • Fermentation – a process by which, in an oxygen-deprived environment, a cell converts sugar into lactic acid or ethanol to create energy • Proteases – proteins whose function is to break down other proteins • Antibodies – proteins developed by the immune system that recognize specific molecules (antigens) • Pharmaceutical – relating to drugs developed for medical use
- 28. Vocabulary • Antibiotics – molecular agents derived from fungi and/ or bacteria that impede the growth and survival of some Vocabulary other microorganisms (bacteria killers).
- 29. Vocabulary • Antibiotics – molecular agents derived from fungi and/ or bacteria that impede the growth and survival of some Vocabulary other microorganisms (bacteria killers). • Restriction enzyme – enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence
- 30. Vocabulary • Antibiotics – molecular agents derived from fungi and/ or bacteria that impede the growth and survival of some Vocabulary other microorganisms (bacteria killers). • Restriction enzyme – enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence • DNA ligase – an enzyme that binds together disconnected strands of a DNA molecule
- 31. Vocabulary • Antibiotics – molecular agents derived from fungi and/ or bacteria that impede the growth and survival of some Vocabulary other microorganisms (bacteria killers). • Restriction enzyme – enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence • DNA ligase – an enzyme that binds together disconnected strands of a DNA molecule • Recombinant DNA – DNA created by combining DNA from two or more sources
- 32. Vocabulary • Antibiotics – molecular agents derived from fungi and/ or bacteria that impede the growth and survival of some Vocabulary other microorganisms (bacteria killers). • Restriction enzyme – enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence • DNA ligase – an enzyme that binds together disconnected strands of a DNA molecule • Recombinant DNA – DNA created by combining DNA from two or more sources • Genetically modified organisms – organisms that contain DNA from another organism and produce new proteins encoded on the acquired DNA
- 33. Vocabulary • Antibiotics – molecular agents derived from fungi and/ or bacteria that impede the growth and survival of some Vocabulary other microorganisms (bacteria killers). • Restriction enzyme – enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence • DNA ligase – an enzyme that binds together disconnected strands of a DNA molecule • Recombinant DNA – DNA created by combining DNA from two or more sources • Genetically modified organisms – organisms that contain DNA from another organism and produce new proteins encoded on the acquired DNA • E. coli – a rod-shaped bacterium native to the intestines of mammals; commonly used in genetics and biotechnology
- 35. The Human Genome Project
- 36. The Human Genome Project • Determining the human DNA sequence
- 37. The Human Genome Project • Determining the human DNA sequence • Understanding the function of the human genetic code
- 38. The Human Genome Project • Determining the human DNA sequence • Understanding the function of the human genetic code • Identifying all of the genes
- 39. The Human Genome Project • Determining the human DNA sequence • Understanding the function of the human genetic code • Identifying all of the genes • Determining their functions
- 40. The Human Genome Project • Determining the human DNA sequence • Understanding the function of the human genetic code • Identifying all of the genes • Determining their functions • Understanding how and when genes are turned on and off throughout the lifetime of an individual
- 41. 1.3 How Companies Select Products to Manufacture
- 42. 1.3 How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Each biotechnology company usually specializes in a group of similar products
- 43. 1.3 How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Each biotechnology company usually specializes in a group of similar products • Plant products
- 44. 1.3 How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Each biotechnology company usually specializes in a group of similar products • Plant products • Fermentation equipment
- 45. 1.3 How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Each biotechnology company usually specializes in a group of similar products • Plant products • Fermentation equipment • Viral therapies
- 46. 1.3 How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Each biotechnology company usually specializes in a group of similar products • Plant products • Fermentation equipment • Viral therapies • DNA sequencers for research
- 47. 1.3 How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Each biotechnology company usually specializes in a group of similar products • Plant products • Fermentation equipment • Viral therapies • DNA sequencers for research • Enzymes for food processing
- 48. 1.3 How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Developing Ideas for New Products
- 49. 1.3 How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Developing Ideas for New Products Ideas come from many sources:
- 50. 1.3 How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Developing Ideas for New Products Ideas come from many sources: • Discussions lead to new ideas
- 51. 1.3 How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Developing Ideas for New Products Ideas come from many sources: • Discussions lead to new ideas • Reading literature reviews can lead to new ideas
- 52. 1.3 How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Developing Ideas for New Products Ideas come from many sources: • Discussions lead to new ideas • Reading literature reviews can lead to new ideas • Sometimes even daydreaming can lead to new ideas
- 53. A Product Development Plan Before going into research and development, company officials must determine whether or not it is worth the investment of company resources.
- 54. A Product Development Plan Before going into research and development, company officials must determine whether or not it is worth the investment of company resources. Product Development Plan usually includes the following criteria:
- 55. A Product Development Plan Before going into research and development, company officials must determine whether or not it is worth the investment of company resources. Product Development Plan usually includes the following criteria: • Does the product meet a critical need? Who will use the product?
- 56. A Product Development Plan Before going into research and development, company officials must determine whether or not it is worth the investment of company resources. Product Development Plan usually includes the following criteria: • Does the product meet a critical need? Who will use the product? • Is the market large enough to produce enough sales? How many customers are there?
- 57. A Product Development Plan Before going into research and development, company officials must determine whether or not it is worth the investment of company resources. Product Development Plan usually includes the following criteria: • Does the product meet a critical need? Who will use the product? • Is the market large enough to produce enough sales? How many customers are there? • Do preliminary data support that the product will work? Will the product do what the company claims?
- 58. A Product Development Plan Before going into research and development, company officials must determine whether or not it is worth the investment of company resources. Product Development Plan usually includes the following criteria: • Does the product meet a critical need? Who will use the product? • Is the market large enough to produce enough sales? How many customers are there? • Do preliminary data support that the product will work? Will the product do what the company claims? • Can patent protection be secured? Can the company prevent other companies from producing it?
- 59. A Product Development Plan Before going into research and development, company officials must determine whether or not it is worth the investment of company resources. Product Development Plan usually includes the following criteria: • Does the product meet a critical need? Who will use the product? • Is the market large enough to produce enough sales? How many customers are there? • Do preliminary data support that the product will work? Will the product do what the company claims? • Can patent protection be secured? Can the company prevent other companies from producing it? • Can the company make a profit on the product? How much will it cost to make it? How much can it be sold for?
- 60. A Product Development Plan Before going into research and development, company officials must determine whether or not it is worth the investment of company resources. Product Development Plan usually includes the following criteria: • Does the product meet a critical need? Who will use the product? • Is the market large enough to produce enough sales? How many customers are there? • Do preliminary data support that the product will work? Will the product do what the company claims? • Can patent protection be secured? Can the company prevent other companies from producing it? • Can the company make a profit on the product? How much will it cost to make it? How much can it be sold for? Situations That End Product Development
- 61. A Product Development Plan Before going into research and development, company officials must determine whether or not it is worth the investment of company resources. Product Development Plan usually includes the following criteria: • Does the product meet a critical need? Who will use the product? • Is the market large enough to produce enough sales? How many customers are there? • Do preliminary data support that the product will work? Will the product do what the company claims? • Can patent protection be secured? Can the company prevent other companies from producing it? • Can the company make a profit on the product? How much will it cost to make it? How much can it be sold for? Situations That End Product Development • Product development is stopped if testing shows the product is not effective.
- 62. A Product Development Plan Before going into research and development, company officials must determine whether or not it is worth the investment of company resources. Product Development Plan usually includes the following criteria: • Does the product meet a critical need? Who will use the product? • Is the market large enough to produce enough sales? How many customers are there? • Do preliminary data support that the product will work? Will the product do what the company claims? • Can patent protection be secured? Can the company prevent other companies from producing it? • Can the company make a profit on the product? How much will it cost to make it? How much can it be sold for? Situations That End Product Development • Product development is stopped if testing shows the product is not effective. • When this happens, companies can lose millions of dollars and years of research and development time.
- 63. New non-pharmaceutical products must meet EPA and USDA guidelines. Pharmaceutical products must pass clinical trials on human subjects (2-5 years) to receive FDA approval. Environmental Protection Agency US Department of Agriculture Food and Drug Administration 17
- 64. Regulations Governing Product Development New Biotech Drug Approvals. Even with all the government regulations, the number of new drugs approved for market increased nearly seven times in the 10 years between 1990 and 2000.
- 65. 19
- 66. Vocabulary
- 67. Vocabulary • Research and development (R&D) – refers to the early stages in product development that include discovery of the structure and function of a potential product and initial small-scale production
- 68. Vocabulary • Research and development (R&D) – refers to the early stages in product development that include discovery of the structure and function of a potential product and initial small-scale production • Pure science – scientific research whose main purpose is to enrich the scientific knowledge base
- 69. Vocabulary • Research and development (R&D) – refers to the early stages in product development that include discovery of the structure and function of a potential product and initial small-scale production • Pure science – scientific research whose main purpose is to enrich the scientific knowledge base • Virus – a particle containing a protein coat and genetic materials (either DNA or RNA) that is not living and requires a host to replicate
- 70. Vocabulary • Research and development (R&D) – refers to the early stages in product development that include discovery of the structure and function of a potential product and initial small-scale production • Pure science – scientific research whose main purpose is to enrich the scientific knowledge base • Virus – a particle containing a protein coat and genetic materials (either DNA or RNA) that is not living and requires a host to replicate • Applied science – the practice of utilizing scientific knowledge for practical purposes, including the manufacture of a product
- 71. Vocabulary • Research and development (R&D) – refers to the early stages in product development that include discovery of the structure and function of a potential product and initial small-scale production • Pure science – scientific research whose main purpose is to enrich the scientific knowledge base • Virus – a particle containing a protein coat and genetic materials (either DNA or RNA) that is not living and requires a host to replicate • Applied science – the practice of utilizing scientific knowledge for practical purposes, including the manufacture of a product • NIH – abbreviation for National Institutes of Health; the federal agency that funds and conducts biomedical research
- 72. Vocabulary • Research and development (R&D) – refers to the early stages in product development that include discovery of the structure and function of a potential product and initial small-scale production • Pure science – scientific research whose main purpose is to enrich the scientific knowledge base • Virus – a particle containing a protein coat and genetic materials (either DNA or RNA) that is not living and requires a host to replicate • Applied science – the practice of utilizing scientific knowledge for practical purposes, including the manufacture of a product • NIH – abbreviation for National Institutes of Health; the federal agency that funds and conducts biomedical research • CDC – abbreviation for Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; national research center for developing and applying disease prevention and control, environmental health, and health promotion and education activities to improve public health
- 73. Vocabulary • Research and development (R&D) – refers to the early stages in product development that include discovery of the structure and function of a potential product and initial small-scale production • Pure science – scientific research whose main purpose is to enrich the scientific knowledge base • Virus – a particle containing a protein coat and genetic materials (either DNA or RNA) that is not living and requires a host to replicate • Applied science – the practice of utilizing scientific knowledge for practical purposes, including the manufacture of a product • NIH – abbreviation for National Institutes of Health; the federal agency that funds and conducts biomedical research • CDC – abbreviation for Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; national research center for developing and applying disease prevention and control, environmental health, and health promotion and education activities to improve public health • DNA fingerprinting – an experimental technique that is commonly used to identify individuals by distinguishing their unique DNA code
- 74. Vocabulary
- 75. Vocabulary • Reagent – chemical used in an experiment
- 76. Vocabulary • Reagent – chemical used in an experiment • Efficacy – the ability to yield a desired result or demonstrate that a product does what it claims to do
- 77. Vocabulary • Reagent – chemical used in an experiment • Efficacy – the ability to yield a desired result or demonstrate that a product does what it claims to do • Clinical trials – a strict series of tests that evaluates the effectiveness and safety of a medical treatment in humans
- 78. Vocabulary • Reagent – chemical used in an experiment • Efficacy – the ability to yield a desired result or demonstrate that a product does what it claims to do • Clinical trials – a strict series of tests that evaluates the effectiveness and safety of a medical treatment in humans • FDA – abbreviation for the Food and Drug Administration; the federal agency that regulates the use and production of food, feed, food additives, veterinary drugs, human drugs, and medical devices
- 79. Vocabulary • Reagent – chemical used in an experiment • Efficacy – the ability to yield a desired result or demonstrate that a product does what it claims to do • Clinical trials – a strict series of tests that evaluates the effectiveness and safety of a medical treatment in humans • FDA – abbreviation for the Food and Drug Administration; the federal agency that regulates the use and production of food, feed, food additives, veterinary drugs, human drugs, and medical devices • Therapeutic – an agent that is used to treat diseases or disorders
- 80. Vocabulary • Reagent – chemical used in an experiment • Efficacy – the ability to yield a desired result or demonstrate that a product does what it claims to do • Clinical trials – a strict series of tests that evaluates the effectiveness and safety of a medical treatment in humans • FDA – abbreviation for the Food and Drug Administration; the federal agency that regulates the use and production of food, feed, food additives, veterinary drugs, human drugs, and medical devices • Therapeutic – an agent that is used to treat diseases or disorders • EPA – abbreviation for the Environmental Protection Agency; the federal agency that enforces environmental laws including the use and production of microorganisms, herbicides, pesticides, and genetically modified microorganisms
- 81. Vocabulary • Reagent – chemical used in an experiment • Efficacy – the ability to yield a desired result or demonstrate that a product does what it claims to do • Clinical trials – a strict series of tests that evaluates the effectiveness and safety of a medical treatment in humans • FDA – abbreviation for the Food and Drug Administration; the federal agency that regulates the use and production of food, feed, food additives, veterinary drugs, human drugs, and medical devices • Therapeutic – an agent that is used to treat diseases or disorders • EPA – abbreviation for the Environmental Protection Agency; the federal agency that enforces environmental laws including the use and production of microorganisms, herbicides, pesticides, and genetically modified microorganisms • USDA – abbreviation for United States Department of Agriculture; the federal agency that regulates the use and production of plants, plant products, plant tests, veterinary supplies and medications, and genetically modified plants and animals
- 82. 1.4 Doing Biotechnology: Scientific Methodology in a Research Facility Conducting an Experiment Using Scientific Methodologies
- 83. 1.4 Doing Biotechnology: Scientific Methodology in a Research Facility Conducting an Experiment Using Scientific Methodologies 1. State a testable scientific question or problem based on some information or observation.
- 84. 1.4 Doing Biotechnology: Scientific Methodology in a Research Facility Conducting an Experiment Using Scientific Methodologies 1. State a testable scientific question or problem based on some information or observation. 2. Develop a testable hypothesis.
- 85. 1.4 Doing Biotechnology: Scientific Methodology in a Research Facility Conducting an Experiment Using Scientific Methodologies 1. State a testable scientific question or problem based on some information or observation. 2. Develop a testable hypothesis. 3. Plan a valid experiment.
- 86. 1.4 Doing Biotechnology: Scientific Methodology in a Research Facility Conducting an Experiment Using Scientific Methodologies 1. State a testable scientific question or problem based on some information or observation. 2. Develop a testable hypothesis. 3. Plan a valid experiment. 4. Conduct the outlined experiment and collect and organize the data into tables, charts, graphs, or graphics.
- 87. 1.4 Doing Biotechnology: Scientific Methodology in a Research Facility Conducting an Experiment Using Scientific Methodologies 1. State a testable scientific question or problem based on some information or observation. 2. Develop a testable hypothesis. 3. Plan a valid experiment. 4. Conduct the outlined experiment and collect and organize the data into tables, charts, graphs, or graphics. 5. Formulate a conclusion based on experimental data and error analysis.
- 88. Develop a testable hypothesis
- 89. Data Table and Graph. Observations and measurements are reported in a data table. Individual trials (replications) as well as averages are shown. Numerical data are shown in picture form using graphs.
- 90. Sharing Experimental Results with the Scientific Community Once an experiment is complete, the work is reported to others through: • Publications • Presentations • Annual conferences
- 91. Vocabulary
- 92. Vocabulary • Data – information gathered from experimentation
- 93. Vocabulary • Data – information gathered from experimentation • Hypothesis – an educated guess to answer scientific question; should be testable
- 94. Vocabulary • Data – information gathered from experimentation • Hypothesis – an educated guess to answer scientific question; should be testable • Variable – anything that can vary in an experiment; the independent variable is tested in an experiment to see its effect on dependent variables
- 95. Vocabulary • Data – information gathered from experimentation • Hypothesis – an educated guess to answer scientific question; should be testable • Variable – anything that can vary in an experiment; the independent variable is tested in an experiment to see its effect on dependent variables • Control – experimental trial added to an experiment to ensure that the experiment was run properly; see positive control and negative control
- 96. Vocabulary • Data – information gathered from experimentation • Hypothesis – an educated guess to answer scientific question; should be testable • Variable – anything that can vary in an experiment; the independent variable is tested in an experiment to see its effect on dependent variables • Control – experimental trial added to an experiment to ensure that the experiment was run properly; see positive control and negative control • Positive control – a group of data that will give predictable positive results
- 97. Vocabulary • Data – information gathered from experimentation • Hypothesis – an educated guess to answer scientific question; should be testable • Variable – anything that can vary in an experiment; the independent variable is tested in an experiment to see its effect on dependent variables • Control – experimental trial added to an experiment to ensure that the experiment was run properly; see positive control and negative control • Positive control – a group of data that will give predictable positive results • Negative control – a group of data that will give predictable negative results
- 98. Vocabulary • Data – information gathered from experimentation • Hypothesis – an educated guess to answer scientific question; should be testable • Variable – anything that can vary in an experiment; the independent variable is tested in an experiment to see its effect on dependent variables • Control – experimental trial added to an experiment to ensure that the experiment was run properly; see positive control and negative control • Positive control – a group of data that will give predictable positive results • Negative control – a group of data that will give predictable negative results • Concentration – the amount of a substance as a proportion of another substance; usually how much mass in some amount of volume
- 99. Vocabulary • Data – information gathered from experimentation • Hypothesis – an educated guess to answer scientific question; should be testable • Variable – anything that can vary in an experiment; the independent variable is tested in an experiment to see its effect on dependent variables • Control – experimental trial added to an experiment to ensure that the experiment was run properly; see positive control and negative control • Positive control – a group of data that will give predictable positive results • Negative control – a group of data that will give predictable negative results • Concentration – the amount of a substance as a proportion of another substance; usually how much mass in some amount of volume • Journals – scientific periodicals or magazines in which scientists publish their experimental work, findings, or conclusions
- 100. 1.5 Careers in the Biotechnology Industry
- 101. 1.5 Careers in the Biotechnology Industry • One of the fastest growing commercial industries
- 102. 1.5 Careers in the Biotechnology Industry • One of the fastest growing commercial industries • Career opportunities in:
- 103. 1.5 Careers in the Biotechnology Industry • One of the fastest growing commercial industries • Career opportunities in: • Bioscience
- 104. 1.5 Careers in the Biotechnology Industry • One of the fastest growing commercial industries • Career opportunities in: • Bioscience • Medical
- 105. 1.5 Careers in the Biotechnology Industry • One of the fastest growing commercial industries • Career opportunities in: • Bioscience • Medical • Agricultural
- 106. 1.5 Careers in the Biotechnology Industry • One of the fastest growing commercial industries • Career opportunities in: • Bioscience • Medical • Agricultural • Environmental
- 107. 1.5 Careers in the Biotechnology Industry • One of the fastest growing commercial industries • Career opportunities in: • Bioscience • Medical • Agricultural • Environmental • Applied chemistry
- 108. 1.5 Careers in the Biotechnology Industry • One of the fastest growing commercial industries • Career opportunities in: • Bioscience • Medical • Agricultural • Environmental • Applied chemistry • Physics
- 109. 1.5 Careers in the Biotechnology Industry • One of the fastest growing commercial industries • Career opportunities in: • Bioscience • Medical • Agricultural • Environmental • Applied chemistry • Physics • Computer science
- 110. 1.5 Careers in the Biotechnology Industry • One of the fastest growing commercial industries • Career opportunities in: • Bioscience • Medical • Agricultural • Environmental • Applied chemistry • Physics • Computer science • Industry will be studying DNA sequence for most of the 21st century
- 112. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree
- 113. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry
- 114. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology
- 115. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics
- 116. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree
- 117. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization
- 118. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees
- 119. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees • Master of Science
- 120. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees • Master of Science • Master of Arts
- 121. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees • Master of Science • Master of Arts • Doctor of Philosophy
- 122. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees • Master of Science • Master of Arts • Doctor of Philosophy • Postdoctoral research experience
- 123. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees • Master of Science • Master of Arts • Doctor of Philosophy • Postdoctoral research experience Nonscientific Positions
- 124. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees • Master of Science • Master of Arts • Doctor of Philosophy • Postdoctoral research experience Nonscientific Positions Employees in nonscientific positions must have an interest in and understanding of the science of biotechnology.
- 125. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees • Master of Science • Master of Arts • Doctor of Philosophy • Postdoctoral research experience Nonscientific Positions Employees in nonscientific positions must have an interest in and understanding of the science of biotechnology. • Sales
- 126. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees • Master of Science • Master of Arts • Doctor of Philosophy • Postdoctoral research experience Nonscientific Positions Employees in nonscientific positions must have an interest in and understanding of the science of biotechnology. • Sales • Marketing
- 127. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees • Master of Science • Master of Arts • Doctor of Philosophy • Postdoctoral research experience Nonscientific Positions Employees in nonscientific positions must have an interest in and understanding of the science of biotechnology. • Sales • Marketing • Regulatory
- 128. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees • Master of Science • Master of Arts • Doctor of Philosophy • Postdoctoral research experience Nonscientific Positions Employees in nonscientific positions must have an interest in and understanding of the science of biotechnology. • • • • Sales Marketing Regulatory Legal
- 129. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees • Master of Science • Master of Arts • Doctor of Philosophy • Postdoctoral research experience Nonscientific Positions Employees in nonscientific positions must have an interest in and understanding of the science of biotechnology. • • • • • Sales Marketing Regulatory Legal Financial
- 130. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees • Master of Science • Master of Arts • Doctor of Philosophy • Postdoctoral research experience Nonscientific Positions Employees in nonscientific positions must have an interest in and understanding of the science of biotechnology. • • • • • • Sales Marketing Regulatory Legal Financial Human resources
- 131. Educational Requirements • Bachelor of Science Degree • Biochemistry • Molecular biology • Genetics • 2-year college degree • High school specialization • More advanced degrees • Master of Science • Master of Arts • Doctor of Philosophy • Postdoctoral research experience Nonscientific Positions Employees in nonscientific positions must have an interest in and understanding of the science of biotechnology. • • • • • • • Sales Marketing Regulatory Legal Financial Human resources Administrative staff
- 132. Categories of Biotechnology Jobs
- 133. Categories of Biotechnology Jobs • Scientific Positions
- 134. Categories of Biotechnology Jobs • Scientific Positions • Research and Development
- 135. Categories of Biotechnology Jobs • Scientific Positions • Research and Development • Manufacturing and Production
- 136. Categories of Biotechnology Jobs • Scientific Positions • Research and Development • Manufacturing and Production • Clinical Research
- 137. Categories of Biotechnology Jobs • Scientific Positions • Research and Development • Manufacturing and Production • Clinical Research • Quality Control
- 138. Categories of Biotechnology Jobs • Scientific Positions • Research and Development • Manufacturing and Production • Clinical Research • Quality Control • Nonscientific Positions
- 139. Categories of Biotechnology Jobs • Scientific Positions • Research and Development • Manufacturing and Production • Clinical Research • Quality Control • Nonscientific Positions • Information Systems
- 140. Categories of Biotechnology Jobs • Scientific Positions • Research and Development • Manufacturing and Production • Clinical Research • Quality Control • Nonscientific Positions • Information Systems • Marketing and Sales
- 141. Categories of Biotechnology Jobs • Scientific Positions • Research and Development • Manufacturing and Production • Clinical Research • Quality Control • Nonscientific Positions • Information Systems • Marketing and Sales • Regulatory Affairs
- 142. Categories of Biotechnology Jobs • Scientific Positions • Research and Development • Manufacturing and Production • Clinical Research • Quality Control • Nonscientific Positions • Information Systems • Marketing and Sales • Regulatory Affairs • Administration/Legal Affairs
- 143. Vocabulary
- 144. Vocabulary • Genome – one entire set of an organism’s genetic material (from a single cell)
- 145. Vocabulary • Genome – one entire set of an organism’s genetic material (from a single cell) • Biochemistry – the study of the chemical reactions occurring in living things
- 146. Vocabulary • Genome – one entire set of an organism’s genetic material (from a single cell) • Biochemistry – the study of the chemical reactions occurring in living things • Molecular biology – the study of molecules that are found in cells
- 147. Vocabulary • Genome – one entire set of an organism’s genetic material (from a single cell) • Biochemistry – the study of the chemical reactions occurring in living things • Molecular biology – the study of molecules that are found in cells • Genetics – the study of genes and how they are inherited and expressed
- 148. 1.6 Biotechnology with a Conscience Bioethics
- 149. 1.6 Biotechnology with a Conscience Bioethics • How do we learn what is right and wrong behavior?
- 150. 1.6 Biotechnology with a Conscience Bioethics • How do we learn what is right and wrong behavior? • As new situations arise in your life, how do you decide what is acceptable behavior and what is unacceptable?
- 151. 1.6 Biotechnology with a Conscience Bioethics • How do we learn what is right and wrong behavior? • As new situations arise in your life, how do you decide what is acceptable behavior and what is unacceptable? • How do you decide what is fair and just?
- 152. 1.6 Biotechnology with a Conscience Bioethics • How do we learn what is right and wrong behavior? • As new situations arise in your life, how do you decide what is acceptable behavior and what is unacceptable? • How do you decide what is fair and just? Moral Standards
- 153. 1.6 Biotechnology with a Conscience Bioethics • How do we learn what is right and wrong behavior? • As new situations arise in your life, how do you decide what is acceptable behavior and what is unacceptable? • How do you decide what is fair and just? Moral Standards • Being able to distinguish between right and wrong and to make decisions based on that knowledge is considered “having good morals.”
- 154. 1.6 Biotechnology with a Conscience Bioethics • How do we learn what is right and wrong behavior? • As new situations arise in your life, how do you decide what is acceptable behavior and what is unacceptable? • How do you decide what is fair and just? Moral Standards • Being able to distinguish between right and wrong and to make decisions based on that knowledge is considered “having good morals.” • The study of moral standards and how they affect conduct is called ethics.
- 155. 1.6 Biotechnology with a Conscience Bioethics • How do we learn what is right and wrong behavior? • As new situations arise in your life, how do you decide what is acceptable behavior and what is unacceptable? • How do you decide what is fair and just? Moral Standards • Being able to distinguish between right and wrong and to make decisions based on that knowledge is considered “having good morals.” • The study of moral standards and how they affect conduct is called ethics. • New technologies generate ethical questions that cannot be answered using scientific methods.
- 156. Define ethics Create a code of conduct Brainstorm bioethical issues or dilemnas 32
- 157. Strategy for Values Clarification
- 158. Strategy for Values Clarification • Identify and understand the problem or issue. Learn as much as possible about the issue.
- 159. Strategy for Values Clarification • Identify and understand the problem or issue. Learn as much as possible about the issue. • List all possible solutions to the issue.
- 160. Strategy for Values Clarification • Identify and understand the problem or issue. Learn as much as possible about the issue. • List all possible solutions to the issue. • Identify the pros and cons of adopting each solution. Examine the consequences of adopting one solution (or position) as opposed to another. Consider legal, financial, medical, personal, social, and environmental aspects.
- 161. Strategy for Values Clarification • Identify and understand the problem or issue. Learn as much as possible about the issue. • List all possible solutions to the issue. • Identify the pros and cons of adopting each solution. Examine the consequences of adopting one solution (or position) as opposed to another. Consider legal, financial, medical, personal, social, and environmental aspects. • Based on the pros and cons for each solution, rank all solutions from best to worst.
- 162. Strategy for Values Clarification • Identify and understand the problem or issue. Learn as much as possible about the issue. • List all possible solutions to the issue. • Identify the pros and cons of adopting each solution. Examine the consequences of adopting one solution (or position) as opposed to another. Consider legal, financial, medical, personal, social, and environmental aspects. • Based on the pros and cons for each solution, rank all solutions from best to worst. • Decide if the problem is important enough to take a position. If it is, decide what your position is and be prepared to describe and defend it.