Bitsbytes
- 1. Binary…Bits and Bytes What is Binary? A base 2 numeric system that is representative by using only two digits: 1 and 0.
- 2. Binary… Example: In the decimal system (base 10) this is how we represent ‘twenty-two’ 0 0 2 2 = 22 Using the binary system, we represent ‘twenty-two’ 00010110 = 22
- 3. Bits…. A Bit is the smallest unit of data A Bit is a binary digit, a 0 or a 1 From our Binary representation of ’22’ 00010110 (here we have 8 separate bits) Usually represented by lowercase ‘b’ (54Mbps= Wireless ‘G’)
- 4. Bytes A byte is a collection of 8 bits a byte holds the equivalent of a single character, such as: the letter F 01000110** a question mark 00111111** 22 00010110 Usually identified by uppercase ‘B’ (50GB) 100GB Hard Drive 2GB of Memory **Using ASCII Encoding
- 5. More Bits,Bytes and Binary Why 8 bits in a byte? “The term was originally coined to mean the smallest addressable group of bits in a computer, which has not always been eight” Why are there 12 in a dozen? It really only matters that you know the difference.
- 6. Bits + Bytes Measurements 1 bit = a 1 or 0 (b) 8 bits = 1 byte (B) 1024 bytes = 1 Kilobyte (KB) 1024 Kilobytes = 1 Megabyte (MB) 1024 Megabytes = 1 Gigabyte (GB) 1024 Gigabytes = 1 Terabyte (TB) Common prefixes: kilo, meaning 1,000. (one thousand) mega, meaning 1,000,000. (one million) giga, meaning 1,000,000,000 (one billion) tera, meaning 1,000,000,000,000 (one trillion)
- 7. 1000 <> 1024 Yes, it’s true. 1000KB is really 1024 bytes, not 1000. At some point, computer engineers thought that 2^10 (1024) was very close to 10^3 (1000); so based on the prefix kilo, for 1000, they created the KB.
- 8. Why are bits and bytes important? Consider this scenario: One of your students has captured a 20 min video on his laptop. He needs to get the raw video onto your lab computer to use the editing software you can either: Begin to transfer it over the wireless network immediately Go find a network cable and transfer it over the cabled school network (10 min) Walk down to the graphics lab to pick up your portable USB hard drive. (15 min roundtrip)
- 9. One step further Click on the 2 nd link on the outline and follow the Mac OR PC specific instructions What might explain this behavior? How does this make things more complex for us?
- 10. Why is Encoding Important?
- 11. Encoding… Encoding Encoding is the process of transforming information from one format into another. MP3’s (mp3, mp4, .flac, .shn) Video’s (.flv, .swf, Files (Word, Word Perfect, Works)
- 12. Binary Review All Computer data is stored as Binary Data A bit is a 1 or 0. period, typically represented by lowercase ‘b’ -Commonly seen in transfer rate descriptions A byte is a collection of 8 bits typically represented by capital B Commonly seen in Hard drive and storage capacity descriptions How the representative binary data is stored is dependent on encoding.