BUC BLOCK UP CONVERTER

Block Up Converter Systems
6700/6900 series
S AT E L L I T E CO M M U N I C AT I O N S

USER GUIDE

No part of this guide may be reproduced, transcribed or
translated into any language or transmitted in any form
whatsoever without the prior written consent of Codan
Limited.

© Copyright 2006 Codan Limited.

Codan part number 15-44027-EN Issue 1, October 2006

Table of contents CODAN

Introduction
1 Overview
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
BUC system configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
BUC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Transmit frequency bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Frequency conversion plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Power supply options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
LNB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Redundancy systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
The redundancy controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
How the redundancy controller works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
RF waveguide switches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
The Remote Controller 6570 and Hand-held Controller 6560 . . . . . . . . . . 26

2 Installation
Unpacking the equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Installing the BUC equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Cable recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Cable lengths. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
IF levels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Serial interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
RS232 interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
RS422/485 interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
FSK interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Connecting the serial interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Permanent interface connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Temporary interface connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Monitor and control interface of the BUC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Installing the redundancy system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide i

Table of contents

Mounting the redundancy controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Installing separate transmit and receive RF waveguide switches . . . . . 42
Installing the combined RF waveguide/coaxial switch (C-Band
transmit/receive systems only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Connecting the power cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Connecting the control cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Connecting the IF from the redundancy controller to the BUCs . . . . . . 48
Connecting the IF cables between an L-Band IF modem (or other
equipment) and the redundancy controller. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Connecting the IF from the LNBs to the redundancy controller . . . . . . 49
Grounding the installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Serial interfaces of the BUCs from the redundancy controller . . . . . . . . . . 50
Accessing the Auxiliary I/O interface on the redundancy controller . . . . . 51
Setting up the redundancy switching equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

3 Setting up and operating the BUC system
Switching on the BUC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
LED indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Serial interface monitor and control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Serial interface commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Switching the redundancy system on and off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Checking the operation of the LED indicators and controls . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Switching between streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Controlling the redundancy system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

4 Maintenance and fault finding
Precautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Connections to power supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Servicing requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
RF waveguide switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Fuses and overcurrent protection in the Redundancy Controller
6586 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
If technical assistance is required... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Finding faults in the BUC system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

ii Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide

Table of contents

Using the BUC fault diagnosis charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Test procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Finding faults in the redundancy switching equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Replacing fuses in the redundancy controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Resolving inconsistent stream selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Finding faults in an RF waveguide switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Finding faults in the redundancy controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Disconnecting a faulty BUC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Reverting to a single-BUC earth station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Finding faults in the remote controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Appendix A—BUC model and redundancy system
numbers
Appendix B—Example outputs for the View
commands
Appendix C—Compliance
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
European R&TTE Directive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Electromagnetic compatibility and safety notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Appendix D—Definitions
Standards and icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Acronyms and abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Unit multipliers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
About this issue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Index

Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide iii

Table of contents

This page has been left blank intentionally.

iv Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide

List of figures CODAN

Figure 1: BUC with L-Band modem and LNB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 2: BUC with L-Band modem, external in-line PSU,
and LNB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 3: C-Band frequency conversion plan at an LO
frequency of 7300 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
frequency of 7375 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
frequency of 7600 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
frequency of 7675 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Figure 7: Ku-Band frequency conversion plan for BUCs
that cover the Standard frequency band . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Figure 8: Ku-Band frequency conversion plan for BUCs
that cover the Extended frequency band . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 9: Control panel on the redundancy controller . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 10: Connector panel on the redundancy controller. . . . . . . . 19
Figure 11: IF levels required for short cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Figure 12: IF levels required for long cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Figure 13: Monitor and control interface of the BUC . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Figure 14: Auxiliary I/O interface of the redundancy controller . . . 52
Figure 15: Main BUC fault diagnosis chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Figure 16: BUC fault diagnosis chart 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Figure 23: BUC fan fault diagnosis chart 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Figure 24: BUC fan fault diagnosis chart 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Figure 25: LNB fault diagnosis chart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide v

List of figures

Figure 26: RF waveguide switch fault diagnosis chart . . . . . . . . . .104
Figure 27: Remote controller supply fault diagnosis chart . . . . . . .110
Figure 28: Segments of the BUC model number . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
Figure 29: Segments of the redundancy system number. . . . . . . . .113

vi Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide

List of tables CODAN

Table 1: Transmit frequency bands for C-Band and
Ku-Band BUCs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Table 2: Frequency ranges for C-Band BUCs (Standard) . . . . . . . 8
Table 3: Frequency ranges for C-Band BUCs (Extended) . . . . . . . 9
Table 4: Frequency ranges for Ku-Band BUCs (Standard) . . . . . 11
Table 5: Frequency ranges for Ku-Band BUCs (Extended) . . . . . 12
Table 6: Power supply options for BUCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Table 7: Frequency band options for the Ku-Band LNB . . . . . . . 15
Table 8: Pinouts of the AC INPUT connector
(Amphenol T 3110 000) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Table 9: Recommendations for IF coaxial cables. . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Table 10: Cable lengths resulting in a 20 dB loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Table 11: LED indicators on the BUC and their states . . . . . . . . . 59
Table 12: LED indicators on the control panel of the
redundancy controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Table 13: Help commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Table 14: Set commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Table 15: Output commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Table 16: View commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Table 17: Reset commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Table 18: Fuses in the redundancy controller. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Table 19: Test A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Table 20: Test B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Table 21: Test C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Table 22: Test D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Table 23: Test E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Table 24: Test F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Table 25: Resistance of coils when the RF waveguide
switch is in positions 1 and 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Table 26: Tell-back contacts for switch positions 1 and 2 . . . . . . 108
Table 27: Definition of the BUC model number . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Table 28: Definition of the redundancy system number . . . . . . . 113

Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide vii

List of tables

Table 29: Electrical safety symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125
Table 30: Earth symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
Table 31: Warning labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126

viii Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide

Introduction CODAN

This user guide is for installation technicians and operators of
the Block Up Converter 6700/6900 series.
This guide contains the following sections:
Section 1 Overview—general description of the BUC
Section 2 Installation—installation instructions specific to
the BUC and redundancy systems
Section 3 Setting up and operating the BUC system—
setup and operating procedures, and serial
interface commands
Section 4 Maintenance and fault finding—description of
how to maintain and fault find a BUC and a
redundancy system
Appendix A BUC model and redundancy system numbers—
explains how to interpret the model number of
your BUC and redundancy system
Appendix B Example outputs for the View commands—
summary of the commands described on
page 57, Setting up and operating the BUC
system
Appendix C Compliance—compliance information and
safety notices
Appendix D Definitions—explains the terms and
abbreviations used in this guide
An index can be found at the end of the guide.

Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide 1

Introduction


2 Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide

1 Overview CODAN

This section contains the following topics:
Introduction (4)
BUC system configuration (5)
BUC (7)
LNB (15)
Redundancy systems (16)
The Remote Controller 6570 and Hand-held
Controller 6560 (26)


Overview

Introduction
The Codan Block Up Converter 6700/6900 series is a high-
performance BUC for use in a satellite earth station.
The Block Up Converter 6700/6900 series comprises:
• a BUC
• an LNB
• a TRF
• accessories
The BUC is designed to be mounted on a wide range of earth
station antennas. The LNB and TRF are designed to be direct-
mounted (that is, mounted on the antenna feed support
structure). While some BUCs may be direct-mounted to the
feed, others may be boom-mounted or pedestal-mounted.
The BUC converts transmit L-Band IF signals from the
modem to the required RF band. The LNB converts received
RF signals to IF signals in the L-Band frequency range to
drive the modem receive IF input.
The modem generally supplies the BUC and the LNB with
10 MHz reference signals, and the LNB with the required DC
power. Certain BUCs require external sources of either AC or
DC supply. Certain BUCS and LNBs have internal reference
sources and do not require an external 10 MHz reference
signal.

If your modem cannot supply 10 MHz reference
signals to the LNB and BUC, and DC power to
NOTE the LNB (and BUC if this is needed), contact
your Codan representative for information on
accessories and options that may be available.

The TRF is a waveguide filter that ensures transmit signals do
not enter and overload the LNB.
C-Band BUCs are supplied with a waveguide or N-type
output. Ku-Band BUCs are supplied with a waveguide output
only.


Overview

BUC system configuration
The BUC may be used in the following configurations:

Configuration... See...

BUC with L-Band modem and LNB Figure 1 on page 5

BUC with L-Band modem, external Figure 2 on page 6
in-line PSU, and LNB

Figure 1: BUC with L-Band modem and LNB

External AC power
connector or
L-Band Tx IF, +48 V DC power
+24/48 V DC power
(DC-powered BUC only),
10 MHz Ref*, Tx to
FSK M&C antenna
(optional)
BUC

Monitor &
Control
RS232/422/485
Monitor & Control
(optional)
Data L-Band
Modem

AC mains

Rx from
antenna
LNB TRF
L-Band Rx IF,
+15 V DC power (nominal),
10 MHz Ref*

* Certain BUC and LNB versions have internal references
and do not require an external 10 MHz reference


Overview

Figure 2: BUC with L-Band modem, external in-line
PSU, and LNB

L-Band Tx IF,
48 V DC,
10 MHz Ref*,
FSK M&C Tx to
(optional) antenna
BUC

AC mains External
in-line
BUC PSU
RS232/422/485
Monitor & Control
(optional)
Monitor &
Control
L-Band Tx IF,
10 MHz Ref,
FSK M&C
(optional)
Data L-Band
Modem

AC mains

Rx from
antenna
LNB TRF
L-Band Rx IF,
+15 V DC power (nominal),
10 MHz Ref*
* Certain BUC and LNB versions have internal references
and do not require an external 10 MHz reference


Overview

BUC

Transmit frequency bands

Table 1: Transmit frequency bands for C-Band and
Ku-Band BUCs

BUC Frequency band Transmit frequency
band
(MHz)

C-Band Standard 5 850 to 6425

Extended 5 850 to 6725

Ku-Band Standard 14000 to 14500

Extended 13750 to 14500

Frequency conversion plans
All 6700/6900 series BUCs are frequency inverting, that is,
the higher the RF frequency required, the lower the modem
IF frequency must be.
To calculate the modem IF frequency (fIF) for a given
RF frequency, subtract the RF frequency (fRF) from the LO
frequency (fLO).

fIF = fLO – fRF


Overview

Example 1:
The LO frequency of your C-Band BUC is set to 7300 MHz
(see Table 3 on page 9). If you need an RF frequency of
5975 MHz, then you must set the modem IF frequency to:

fIF = 7300 – 5975
= 1325 MHz

Example 2:
The LO frequency of your Ku-Band BUC is 15450 MHz (see
Table 4 on page 11). If you need an RF frequency of
14500 MHz, then you must set the modem IF frequency to:

fIF = 15450 – 14500
= 950 MHz

C-Band

Figure 3 to Figure 6 show the frequency conversion plan for
each LO frequency of the C-Band BUCs.

Table 2: Frequency ranges for C-Band BUCs
(Standard)

LO frequency Tuning range of Output See...
(MHz) L-Band frequency
(MHz) (MHz)
fLO fIF fRF

7300 950–1450 5850–6350 Figure 3 on page 9

7375 950–1525 5850–6425 Figure 4 on page 10


Overview

Table 3: Frequency ranges for C-Band BUCs
(Extended)

(MHz) (MHz)
fLO fIF fRF

7300 950–1450 5850–6350 Figure 3 on page 9

7375 950–1525 5850–6425 Figure 4 on page 10

7600 950–1750 5850–6650 Figure 5 on page 10

7675 950–1750 5925–6725 Figure 6 on page 11

frequency of 7300 MHz

1 450 MHz 6 350 MHz

950 MHz 5 850 MHz
IF input RF output


Overview


1 525 MHz 6 425 MHz

950 MHz 5 850 MHz
IF input RF output


1 750 MHz 6 650 MHz

950 MHz 5 850 MHz
IF input RF output


Overview


1 750 MHz 6 725 MHz

950 MHz 5 925 MHz
IF input RF output

Ku-Band

Figure 7 and Figure 8 show the frequency conversion plans
for each LO frequency of the Ku-Band BUCs.

Table 4: Frequency ranges for Ku-Band BUCs
(Standard)

(MHz) (MHz)
fLO fIF fRF

15450 950–1450 14000–14500 Figure 7 on page 12


Overview

Table 5: Frequency ranges for Ku-Band BUCs
(Extended)

(MHz) (MHz)
fLO fIF fRF

15450 950–1450 14000–14500 Figure 7 on page 12

15450 950–1700 13750–14500 Figure 8 on page 13

Figure 7: Ku-Band frequency conversion plan for
BUCs that cover the Standard frequency band

1 450 MHz 14 500 MHz

950 MHz 14 000 MHz
IF input RF output


Overview

Figure 8: Ku-Band frequency conversion plan for
BUCs that cover the Extended frequency band

1 700 MHz 14 500 MHz

1 450 MHz

14 000 MHz

950 MHz 13 750 MHz
IF input RF output

Power supply options
The power supply option for your BUC is indicated in the
model number on the serial number label. For information on
how to interpret the model number see page 111, BUC model
and redundancy system numbers.
Some BUCs are powered by 48 V DC or 24 V DC. Other
BUCs are powered via an AC mains input.

Table 6: Power supply options for BUCs

Input Power supply option Feed to BUC

DC 24 V/48 V via IF cable or separate
cable and connector

AC 94–275 V AC via separate cable and
connector


Overview

BUCs that are AC-powered, also draw current
NOTE from the DC power input on the IF input cable
for remote alarm indication purposes only.
Certain BUCs with external DC power
connectors may also have auto-sensing circuits,
and can be powered from either the external
NOTE
connector or via the IF INPUT connector. If
both connectors are powered, the external
connector is automatically selected.


Overview

LNB
The frequency band that is down converted by the LNB is
indicated on the model label of the LNB.

C-Band

The C-Band LNB is supplied for operation on the frequency
band 3400 to 4200 MHz. It has an LO frequency of
5150 MHz.

NOTE The C-Band LNB is frequency inverting.

Ku-Band

The Ku-Band LNB may be supplied for operation in one of
three frequency band options listed in Table 7.

Table 7: Frequency band options for the Ku-Band LNB

Band option Receive frequency LO frequency L-Band output
(MHz) (MHz) frequency
(MHz)

1 10950–11700 10000 950–1700

2 11700–12200 10750 950–1450

3 12250–12750 11300 950–1450


Overview

Redundancy systems
The Codan Redundancy Controller 6586 is used to control two
BUCs and two LNBs (when used) in a redundancy system.
When a detectable fault occurs in the on-line BUC, and the
off-line BUC is serviceable, the redundancy controller
switches over the two BUCs. The interruption to traffic is
typically less than one second. Transmit/receive systems also
include two LNBs, which are switched in parallel with the
BUCS. In such systems, simultaneous switching of both BUC
and LNB occurs when a fault is detected in either the on-line
BUC or the on-line LNB. This is known as stream-switching.
A typical BUC-LNB system comprises:
• a BUC
• an LNB (in transmit/receive systems only)
• a TRF (optional)
• appropriate connecting cables
A typical redundancy system comprises:
• two BUCs
• two LNBs (in transmit/receive systems only)
• an Redundancy Controller 6586
• one or two RF waveguide switches or a combined RF
waveguide/coaxial switch
• a Remote Controller 6570 (optional)
For information on the remote controller see the Hand-held
and Remote Controller 6560/6570 User Guide.


Overview

Redundancy system control

You can control and monitor the redundancy switching
equipment:
• locally, using a Hand-held Controller 6560 connected to
the BUC 1 Serial/BUC 2 Serial connectors on the
redundancy controller
• remotely, using the optional Remote Controller 6570
connected to the Auxiliary I/O connector on the

The redundancy controller
The redundancy controller is the main component of the
redundancy system. It controls the switching between the
on-line and off-line BUC and LNB. The redundancy controller
is normally installed on the antenna pedestal near the two
BUC systems. The redundancy controller is powered from the
AC mains supply.
The redundancy controller performs the following functions:
• monitors the Stream 1 and Stream 2 equipment for faults
• monitors the RF waveguide switches for switch faults
• controls the RF waveguide switch positions
• directs the IF paths via high frequency relays and splitter
networks
• supplies power to the BUCs, LNBs (when used), and
optional Remote Controller 6570
The redundancy controller communicates with the BUCs via
relay contacts. The serial interfaces of the BUCs are kept
available for separate use. DC supply connections and isolated
contact closures are available on the Auxiliary I/O connector
of the redundancy controller.
The control panel inside the redundancy controller is shown in
Figure 9.


Overview

Figure 9: Control panel on the redundancy controller

BUC 1

Redundancy
Controller LNB 1*

Tx IF
BUC
Switch
Status

Rx IF BUC 2

LNB
LNB 2* Switch*

Remote
Voltage
Selection Controller BUC 1 BUC 2 LNB 1* LNB 2*

Fuse status LEDs

* Not used in transmit-only systems

LED indicators

The control panel of the redundancy controller has groups of
LEDs that indicate the status of the redundancy system and its
fuses. The colours and functions of these LEDs are described
in Table 12 on page 60.


Overview

Switches

The control panel of the redundancy controller has one switch.
The function of this switch is to select the AC input voltage
(115 or 230 V AC).

Connectors

The connector panel is located at the bottom of the
redundancy controller.

Figure 10: Connector panel on the redundancy
controller

BUC Switch Control BUC 1 Serial BUC 1 Control AC Power Input
LNB Switch Control BUC 2 Serial BUC 2 Control Auxiliary I/O

Tx IF Output 1 Tx IF Input Tx IF Output 2 Rx IF Input 1 Rx IF Output Rx IF Input 2


Overview

How the redundancy controller works
When you power up the system, the redundancy controller
uses the current status of the BUC Switch and LNB Switch
(when used) to select the on-line stream.

If the redundancy controller detects that the
NOTE switches are inconsistent, or cannot be detected,
it selects Stream 1.

When the redundancy controller is operating, it monitors the
two BUC and LNB (when used) streams for faults. When a
detectable fault occurs in the on-line BUC and LNB, and the
off-line BUC and LNB is serviceable, the redundancy
controller switches over the two streams. The interruption to
traffic is typically less than one second.
The redundancy controller switches:
• the receive IF signals between the LNBs (when used)
and the modem equipment
• the transmit RF signals between the BUCs and the
transmit antenna port
• the receive RF signal between the receive antenna port
and the LNBs (when used)
The transmit IF signal is not switched. Rather, a splitter allows
the transmit IF signal to feed both BUCs simultaneously. In
transmit-only systems, a transmit-only connector assembly is
supplied and fitted to the LNB Switch Control connector.


Overview

BUC faults

The redundancy controller uses a PLD to monitor the alarm
signals from both BUCs. The BUCs send alarm signals via
cables connected to the 14-way BUC 1 Control and BUC 2
Control connectors on the redundancy controller.
Red BUC 1/BUC 2 LEDs on the control panel of the
redundancy controller indicate that there is a fault with the
corresponding BUC or LNB. In transmit-only systems,
receive stream faults are not indicated. You should observe the
LED indicators on the BUC for details of the alarm condition.
For information on the LED indications on the BUC see
Table 11 on page 59. You can connect a Hand-held
Controller 6560 or a PC running terminal-emulating software
to the BUC 1 Serial and BUC 2 Serial connectors on the
redundancy controller, then diagnose the BUC faults as
required. For more information on using the hand-held
controller see the Hand-held and Remote Controller
6560/6570 User Guide. For more information on using serial
commands on a terminal see page 63, Serial interface
commands.
If you are using remote monitoring and control via a Remote
Controller 6570, the Fault LED for a BUC will illuminate if a
fault is detected. You can use the Faults menu in the remote
controller to diagnose the fault, and the Reset menu to clear
latched faults. For more information on using the remote
controller see the Hand-held and Remote Controller
6560/6570 User Guide.

Power supply

The redundancy controller is powered from the AC mains
supply.


Overview

Auxiliary I/O interface of the redundancy controller

The Auxiliary I/O interface of the redundancy controller
enables you to perform the following functions remotely:
• monitor operation of the redundancy switching system
using the isolated relay contacts
• switch streams using external signals
Most of the remote control functions are achieved by
grounding the appropriate control signal to 0 V.

The redundancy controller does not have a
serial remote control facility. However, serial
remote stream switching and monitoring of the
NOTE
redundancy system alarms are available using
the BUC command set via either of the BUC 1
Serial/BUC 2 Serial connectors.

For details about the Auxiliary I/O interface of the redundancy
controller see page 51, Accessing the Auxiliary I/O interface
on the redundancy controller.


Overview

RF waveguide switches
RF waveguide switches control both the receive and transmit
RF paths. The switches direct signals for both on-line and off-
line BUCs and LNBs (when used). Transmit/receive C-Band
systems may use either two RF waveguide switches or one
combined RF waveguide/coaxial switch. Transmit/receive
Ku-Band systems use two RF waveguide switches only.
Transmit-only C-Band or Ku-Band systems use only a single
RF waveguide switch.

Systems using two RF waveguide switches

In the receive path, a receive RF waveguide switch directs the
received RF from the receive port of the antenna feed to one of
the LNBs. The LNB waveguide inputs are coupled to ports 1
and 3 of the LNB switch. The switch is coupled via port 2 to
the WR229 (C-Band) or WR75 (Ku-Band) receive port of the
antenna. A blanking plate normally protects port 4 from the
weather.
In the transmit path, a transmit RF waveguide switch directs
the transmitted RF from the on-line BUC to the transmit port
of the antenna feed. The RF from the off-line BUC is directed
to either a coaxial or a waveguide load.
For transmit RF, the waveguide outputs of the BUCs are
connected to the WR137 (C-Band) or WR75 (Ku-Band) BUC
switch via short waveguide sections to ports 1 and 3. Port 2 of
the switch connects to the antenna via flexible waveguide. A
load or power attenuator terminates port 4 on the switch.
The redundancy controller verifies RF waveguide switching
by monitoring the tell-back contacts of both switches. If the
tell-back contacts indicate an abnormal condition, the BUC
Switch or LNB Switch LEDs on the control panel of the
redundancy controller illuminate red.


Overview

Systems using a combined RF waveguide/coaxial
switch (C-Band only)

In the receive path, a receive RF waveguide switch directs the
received RF from the receive port of the antenna feed to one of
the LNBs.
In the transmit path, an RF coaxial switch directs the
transmitted RF from the on-line BUC to the transmit port of
the antenna feed. The RF from the off-line BUC is directed to
an appropriately-rated termination. The combined RF
waveguide/coaxial switch is controlled by a single cable,
which is connected to the LNB Switch Control connector
on the redundancy controller. The BUC Switch Control
connector is not used. The redundancy controller
automatically detects the presence of a combined switch and
configures its monitoring accordingly.
The combined RF waveguide/coaxial switch combines
waveguide and coaxial switching in a single assembly. The
switch is an electrically operated, 4-port WR229 waveguide
transfer switch, which is mechanically integrated with a 4-port
coaxial transfer switch for transmit RF.
The LNBs are directly coupled to ports 1 and 3 of the
combined RF waveguide/coaxial switch. The switch is
coupled via port 2 to the WR229 receive port of the antenna.
A blanking plate normally protects port 4 from the weather.
Coaxial cable connects the BUCs to ports 1 and 3 of the
N-type switch. The transmit antenna feed connects to port 2 of
the switch. A load or power attenuator connects to port 4.
by monitoring the tell-back contacts to the combined RF
waveguide/coaxial switch. If the tell-back contacts indicate an
abnormal condition, the LNB Switch LEDs on the control
panel of the redundancy controller illuminate red.

In the combined RF waveguide/coaxial switch
installation, the BUC Switch LEDs on the
NOTE
control panel of the redundancy controller will
not illuminate.


Overview

Systems using a single transmit RF waveguide
switch (transmit-only)

In the transmit path, a single transmit RF waveguide switch
directs the transmitted RF from the on-line BUC to the
transmit port of the antenna feed. The RF from the off-line
BUC is directed into an appropriately-rated termination. The
switch is controlled by a cable connected to the LNB Switch
Control connector.
The switch is an electrically operated, 4-port WR137 (for
C-Band) or WR75 (for Ku-Band) waveguide transfer switch.
The BUCs are connected to ports 1 and 3 of the switch. The
switch is coupled via port 2 to the transmit port of the antenna.
A load or power attenuator connects to port 4.
by monitoring the tell-back contacts to the RF waveguide
switch. If the tell-back contacts indicate an abnormal
condition, the BUC Switch LEDs on the control panel of the
redundancy controller illuminate red.


Overview

The Remote Controller 6570 and Hand-held
Controller 6560
The Remote Controller 6570 provides remote control and
monitoring facilities of the BUCs at a convenient indoor
location. The remote controller is connected via its BUC
Interface connector to the Auxiliary I/O connector on the
redundancy controller using the cable supplied.
The Hand-held Controller 6560 provides local control and
monitoring facilities of the BUCs at the outdoor-mounted
redundancy controller. A hand-held controller may be
connected to the BUC 1 Serial or BUC 2 Serial connector.
Alternatively, a BUC may be directly controlled by the hand-
held controller by disconnecting the M/C cable from the
M/C connector on the BUC, and connecting the hand-held
controller in its place.


2 Installation CODAN

Unpacking the equipment (28)
Installing the BUC equipment (28)
Cable recommendations (32)
Serial interfaces (37)
Connecting the serial interface (39)
Monitor and control interface of the BUC (40)
Installing the redundancy system (42)
Serial interfaces of the BUCs from the redundancy
controller (50)
Accessing the Auxiliary I/O interface on the redundancy
controller (51)
Setting up the redundancy switching equipment (53)


Installation

Unpacking the equipment
Ensure that the packing boxes are upright as indicated by the
printing on the boxes. Open each box and check for signs of
damage to the equipment. If you notice any damage, contact
Codan immediately to obtain an RMA. Failure to contact
Codan before returning the unit may result in any warranty
being void.

Installing the BUC equipment
All equipment that is mounted outdoors must be
adequately weatherproofed.
Ensure all waveguide joints are properly sealed
WARNING with the appropriate gasket.
Use self-amalgamating tape to seal connectors
and cable entry points from the connector to the
cable sheath.
Water is the most common cause of poor
performance in VSAT installations. Ensure that
CAUTION
all cables and waveguide junctions are properly
sealed.
A radiation hazard exists if the BUC is operated
WARNING with its RF output unterminated (see page 123,
Radiation safety).


Installation

TRF and LNB

The TRF and LNB are normally mounted directly on the
antenna feed structure.
The LNB obtains the required +15 to +24 V DC power and, in
certain cases, the 10 MHz reference signal from a compatible
L-Band modem. The modem is connected to the receive
output connector of the LNB.

BUC

BUCs are supplied with either N-type or waveguide outputs.
A mounting kit is supplied with the BUC. Some mounting kits
allow the BUC to be mounted on the boom or pedestal of the
antenna. Other kits may also be available for different
mounting options. Contact your antenna manufacturer if you
have specific installation requirements.

Cables

Use an IF coaxial cable to connect the modem to the BUC (see
page 32, Cable recommendations). It is recommended that you
use the same type of cable to connect the modem to the LNB.
If you are using the RS232/422 serial interface, use an M/C
cable to connect the BUC to a PC (see page 40, Monitor and
control interface of the BUC).

DC power connection

There are two types of BUCs that are DC-powered: those
powered via the IF INPUT connector, and those powered via
an external connector.
BUCs that are powered via the IF INPUT connector receive
DC power from a source via the IF cable. See BUC
specifications or compare your BUC model number against
Table 27 on page 111 for the exact voltage range of your BUC.


Installation

BUCs that are externally powered from a DC source require
appropriate DC power from an external source. See BUC
specifications or compare your BUC model number against
Table 27 on page 111 for the exact voltage range of your BUC.

Certain BUCs with external DC power
connectors may also have auto-sensing circuits,
and can be powered from either the external
NOTE
connector or via the IF INPUT connector. If
both connectors are powered, the external
connector is automatically selected.

AC mains connection

AC-powered BUCs operate with any AC input voltage in the
range 115–230 V AC. Check BUC specifications for the exact
voltage range of your BUC.

Voltages outside of these limits may cause
WARNING
damage to the BUC.

To connect the BUC to the AC mains:
1 Connect the AC power lead to the AC mains supply.

Before applying power to the BUC, ensure
that the installation complies with the
WARNING safety precautions listed on page 123,
Electromagnetic compatibility and safety
notices.

1 Ensure the isolating switch for the AC supply is switched
off.
1 Connect the AC power lead to the AC INPUT connector
on the BUC.
If you need to make your own AC mains cable, or reterminate
the cable supplied, Table 8 lists the pin connections and
describes the input functions available on the AC INPUT
connector on the BUC.


Installation

Table 8: Pinouts of the AC INPUT connector
(Amphenol T 3110 000)

Pin Description

1 Neutral

2 Not connected

3 Active

Protective earth

It is recommended that BUCs are installed as close as possible
to the antenna feed to minimise losses.

Heavier BUCs may need to be mounted further
CAUTION down the boom to minimise the mechanical
leverage load on the antenna.

If the waveguide output of each BUC is attached directly to
the RF waveguide switch with a rigid connection, ensure that
there are no undue stresses on the waveguide section when the
flange hardware is tightened. Tighten the BUC mounting
screws last. The long mounting rails have oversized holes to
enable the BUC to be secured in the exact position required,
which avoids stressing the rigid waveguide component.


Installation

Cable recommendations
Table 9 lists the recommended specifications for IF coaxial
cables used in your system. These specifications place
restrictions on the maximum length of the transmit IF cable.
The limiting factor is most likely the 20 dB maximum cable
loss. Cables that have 20 dB cable loss at L-Band frequencies
usually have DC loop resistances much less than those shown
below.

Table 9: Recommendations for IF coaxial cables

Characteristic Recommendation

Cable loss at operating 20 dB maximum
frequency

DC loop resistance 2 Ω maximum (+48 V BUC)
1 Ω maximum (+24 V BUC)

Screening 100 dB minimum

Nominal impedance 50 Ω

Connectors BUC end: N-type male
connector
Indoor end: connector to suit the
modem used

Cable loss specification

The recommended maximum cable loss is derived from the
maximum output power normally provided by modems and
the maximum gain of the BUC.


Installation

DC loop resistance specification

The maximum DC loop resistance is determined by the DC
power drawn by a BUC and its minimum operating input
voltage. Some BUCs are not powered via the cable, so the DC
loop resistance of the IF cable is not a consideration for such
BUC installations.

To ensure correct operation, the DC loop
CAUTION
resistance figure must not be exceeded.

Cable screening specification

Cable screening is derived from regulatory requirements
related to the radiation of spurious signals from the antenna.
Screening is more critical if the BUC is co-located with other
radio transmitting equipment, for example, mobile-phone
towers.

Cable lengths
Table 10 shows the maximum lengths of different types of
cables to ensure the 20 dB loss recommendation is not
exceeded. The cable lengths are shown in metres and feet.

Table 10: Cable lengths resulting in a 20 dB loss

Frequency RG223 Belden 9914 Belden 9913F Times
(MHz) (m (ft)) (m (ft)) (m (ft)) Microwave
LMR-400
(m (ft))

950 43 (141) 104 (341) 125 (410) 150 (492)

1450 34 (111) 81 (266) 99 (325) 120 (394)

1700 31 (102) 74 (243) 91 (299) 111 (364)

1750 31 (102) 73 (240) 89 (292) 109 (358)


Installation

IF levels
The figures and tables in this section show the single carrier IF
levels required to achieve rated P1dB output power from the
BUC using various types and lengths of IF cables. Your actual
IF levels may be different from those shown if you are
operating with multiple carriers and you require output back
off to control intermodulation product levels.
Examples are provided for short cables (with a 3 dB loss) and
long cables (with a 20 dB loss).
The figures in this section are provided as examples only. You
should determine the loss of your selected cable from its
length and your operating frequency (see Table 10 on
page 33). You can then set the modem IF output level and the
BUC attenuator to achieve the required output power.
As a general principle, you should set the BUC attenuator at
the highest possible attenuation setting given the available
modem IF output power and the cable loss. This reduces the
susceptibility of the system to external interference.


Installation

Using short IF cables

Figure 11 shows the IF levels required when using short IF
cables such as the following:
• 5 m RG223
• 12 m 9914
• 15 m 9913F
• 18 m LMR-400

Figure 11: IF levels required for short cables

Modem IF cable BUC

BUC gain –
Gain –3 dB attenuator
setting
–19 dBm +
Input/output
level –16 dBm –19 dBm (BUC gain –
attenuator setting)

Refer to the relevant specifications sheets for the detailed specifications for your BUC


Installation

Using long IF cables

Figure 12 shows the IF levels required when using long IF
cables such as the following:
• 34 m RG223
• 80 m 9914
• 100 m 9913F
• 120 m LMR-400

Figure 12: IF levels required for long cables

Modem IF cable BUC

BUC gain –
Gain –20 dB attenuator
setting
–27 dBm +
Input/output
level –7 dBm –27 dBm (BUC gain –
attenuator setting)

Refer to the relevant specifications sheets for the detailed specifications for your BUC


Installation

Serial interfaces
The following serial interfaces are provided:
• RS232 and RS422/485 available on the M/C connector
on the BUC
• FSK available on the IF INPUT connector on the BUC

RS232 interface
The RS232 serial interface supports both the ASCII and the
Codan packet protocols simultaneously. Responses to
commands are returned in the same protocol format as they
are sent. The RS232 serial interface operates with the
following parameters:

data rate 9600 bps

word length 8 bits

parity none

stop bit 1

The fixed data rate and protocol simplifies the connection
during installation and commissioning, and enables a PC
running a terminal-emulation program to be used to configure
the BUC. For information on protocols, contact your Codan
representative.
The BUC is able to detect the connection of an RS232
interface. When an RS232 interface is used, the BUC inhibits
the use of the Set and Reset commands on the RS422/485 and
FSK interfaces. View and Output commands can still be used
on these interfaces. This functionality is provided for safety
reasons.

If you disabled transmission, don’t forget to
NOTE re-enable it before you remove the RS232
connection.


Installation

For example, a technician working on a BUC at the antenna
can make an RS232 connection and disable transmissions.
Transmissions cannot be re-enabled at another source, but the
other interfaces can still monitor the BUC parameters. When
the RS232 connection is removed and transmission is restored
using the RS232 interface, normal monitor and control
operation is restored.

RS422/485 interface
The RS422/485 interface can be operated in either 2-wire or
4-wire mode. The RS422/485 interface enables monitor and
control of the BUC over long distances using other protocols
that are not available for use with the RS232 interface.

FSK interface
The FSK interface enables monitor and control of the BUC
over long distances using other protocols that are not available
for use with the RS232 interface. The FSK interface does not
require an extra monitor and control serial cable, but does
require a modem with FSK monitor and control capability. If
an appropriate modem is not available, contact your Codan
representative to find out what accessories are available to
access the FSK interface.


Installation

Connecting the serial interface
To set the operating parameters of the BUC, the BUC must be
connected to a terminal (for example, a Hand-held Controller
6560, a Remote Controller 6570, a PC, or an organiser
emulating a terminal).
The connection may be permanent as part of the installation or
temporary for the purpose of setting the operating parameters
of the BUC.

Permanent interface connection
A permanent interface connection can be provided via the
monitor and control interface of the BUC (see Figure 13 on
page 41). The RS232 serial interface may only be used for
distances less than 15 m. The RS422/485 serial interface may
be used for distances up to approximately 1 km.
The Remote Controller 6570 is designed as a permanent
interface connection and is supplied with a standard 50 m
cable.

Temporary interface connection
A serial interface cable is available to connect the BUC to the
RS232 serial port of a PC or an organiser emulating a
terminal, or you may connect a Hand-held Controller 6560.
If using a PC, connect the cable between the M/C connector of
the BUC and the serial port of the PC. This cable provides a
14-way female MS-style connector to 9-way D-type female
connector for connection to the PC. If connection to a 25-way
D-type serial port is required, use a standard 25-way female to
9-way male adaptor.


Installation

Monitor and control interface of the BUC
The monitor and control interface of the BUC provides a relay
contact to indicate the fault status of the BUC. See Figure 13
for the pin assignments of the M/C connector. A
MIL-C-26482 12-14P connector (for example,
MS3116F12-14P) is required to mate with the M/C connector.


Installation

Figure 13: Monitor and control interface of the BUC

+10 V M +10 V DC (nominal)
output (150 mA max.)
+5 V H
0V

1k C
RS422/485 Rx+
*
120
L
RS422/485 Rx–
+5 V
1k

1k

B RS422/485 Tx+/Rx+
* (RS422/485 TxB/RxB)
120
F RS422/485 Tx–/Rx–
+12 V (RS422/485 TxA/RxA)
1k

D
Not connected
10 k

E
RS232 RxD

A
RS232 TxD

K
Summary Alarm
(open on alarm
J 30 V @ 1 A max.)
+2.5 V
+5 V
1k5

–
R
+ LNB Fault
+5 V
1k5

–
N Redundancy Controller
+ Fault
+5 V
1k5

–
P
+ On-line Input/Output

*Bus termination resistors


Installation

Installing the redundancy system

Mounting the redundancy controller
The redundancy controller has two mounting flanges. Each
flange has 10 mounting holes. If you are going to use the
mounting kit supplied, fitting instructions are provided in the
kit.
Mount the redundancy controller upright on or near the
antenna structure. A protected position is preferable however,
the redundancy controller can withstand exposure to outdoor
conditions.

Installing separate transmit and receive RF waveguide
switches
Handle the switches with care. They are easily
WARNING
damaged.

Transmit RF waveguide switch

To install the transmit RF waveguide switch (BUC switch):
1 Connect ports 1 and 3 of the transmit RF waveguide
switch to the BUC outputs using the waveguide sections
and flange kits as shown in the mounting drawings.

In C-Band installations, use the appropriate
NOTE
flange kit.
In Ku-Band installations, ensure the
appropriate o-ring is used, otherwise
NOTE sealing will be compromised or correct
mating of the waveguide flanges will not
be possible.


Installation

1 Connect port 2 of the transmit RF waveguide switch to
the transmit flange of the antenna feed using gasket kits
and rigid or flexible waveguide as appropriate.

If connecting the Ku-Band transmit RF
waveguide switch to a waveguide section
NOTE that has clearance holes for 6-32 UNC
hardware, a waveguide adaptor kit is
available.

1 Connect the off-line BUC load to port 4 of the transmit
RF waveguide switch as shown in the mounting
drawings.

Ensure all joints are completely
CAUTION
weatherproof.
Spare flange kits are provided with the
redundancy package. The universal
Ku-Band flange kit contains a selection of
NOTE
flat gaskets and circular cross-section
gaskets (both large and small
cross-sectional diameter).

1 In transmit-only systems, fit the transmit-only connector
assembly to the LNB Switch Control connector.
1 Connect the transmit RF waveguide switch to the BUC
Switch Control connector using the cable supplied.


Installation

Receive RF waveguide switch (transmit/receive
systems only)

To install the receive RF waveguide switch (LNB switch):
1 Fit the TRF (if used) to the receive port of the antenna
feed using the appropriate flange kit for C-Band and
Ku-Band, selecting the correct gasket.
1 Hold waveguide port 2 of the receive RF waveguide
switch against the receive port of the antenna feed or
TRF (if fitted). Decide which way the switch is to face.
1 For Ku-Band installations, attach the 2" rigid WR75
waveguide sections to ports 1 and 3 of the receive RF
waveguide switch using the appropriate flange kit.
1 Attach the LNBs to:
• ports 1 and 3 of the receive RF waveguide switch using
the appropriate flange kit for C-Band
• the 2" rigid waveguide sections using the appropriate
flange kit for Ku-Band

For Ku-Band installations, ensure the
appropriate o-ring is used, otherwise
NOTE sealing will be compromised or correct
mating of the waveguide flanges will not
be possible.

1 Clamp the gaskets tightly to ensure perfect seals.
1 If the blanking plate was not factory fitted, attach it to
port 4 of the receive RF waveguide switch using the
appropriate flange kit.
1 If you want to allow for dry air pressurisation, fit the
supplied air nozzle to the blanking plate. If this is not
required, fit the M5 screw with seal into the blanking
plate.
1 Attach the receive RF waveguide switch to the receive
port of the antenna feed using the appropriate flange kit.


Installation

If connecting the Ku-Band receive RF
waveguide switch to a receive port of the
antenna feed that has clearance holes for
6-32 UNC hardware, a waveguide adaptor
kit is available.
NOTE Spare flange kits are provided with the
redundancy package. The universal
Ku-Band flange kit contains a selection of
flat gaskets and circular cross-section
gaskets (both large and small cross-
sectional diameter).

1 Connect the receive RF waveguide switch to the LNB
Switch Control connector using the cable supplied.

Installing the combined RF waveguide/coaxial switch
(C-Band transmit/receive systems only)
Handle the switch with care. It is easily
WARNING
damaged.

To install the combined RF waveguide/coaxial switch:
1 Fit the TRF (if used) to the receive port of the antenna
feed using the appropriate flange kit.
1 Hold waveguide port 2 of the combined RF
waveguide/coaxial switch against the antenna receive
feed. Decide which way the switch is to face.
1 Attach the LNBs to ports 1 and 3 of the RF waveguide
section of the switch using the appropriate flange kit.
1 Clamp the gaskets tightly to ensure perfect seals.
1 If the blanking plate was not factory fitted, attach it to
port 4 of the waveguide section of the switch using the
appropriate flange kit (see the mounting and
interconnection drawings).


Installation

1 If you want to allow for dry air pressurisation, fit the
supplied air nozzle to the blanking plate. If this is not
required, fit the M5 screw with seal into the blanking
plate.
1 Connect the off-line BUC termination to port 4 of the
coaxial section of the switch as shown in the mounting
and interconnection drawings.

In some configurations, the termination
NOTE
consists of multiple parts.

1 Connect the outputs of the BUCs to the corresponding
N-type connectors of the coaxial section of the switch
using the coaxial cables supplied.
1 Connect port 2 of the coaxial section of the switch to the
transmit port of the antenna feed using the coaxial cable
supplied.
1 Seal all N-type connections with self-amalgamating tape.

CAUTION
weatherproof.
Spare flange kits are supplied with the
NOTE redundancy package to provide for various
installation requirements.

1 Connect the combined RF waveguide/coaxial switch to
the LNB Switch Control connector using the cable
supplied.

The BUC Switch Control connector is
NOTE
not used in this configuration.


Installation

Connecting the power cables
The redundancy controller is AC mains powered.

To connect the power cable to the redundancy controller:
1 Connect the supplied cable to the AC Power Input
connector on the redundancy controller.


Installation

Connecting the control cables
To connect the control cables:
1 Connect the BUC 1 Control connector and the BUC 2
Control connector on the redundancy controller to the
corresponding M/C connector on each BUC using the
control cables supplied.
For high-power BUC systems, connect the BUC 1
Control connector and the BUC 2 Control connector
on the redundancy controller to the corresponding
M/C connector on each BUC and the corresponding
CONTROL connector on each high-power SSPA using
the specific control cables supplied.

Connecting the IF from the redundancy controller to the
BUCs
To connect the IF cables:
1 Connect the Tx IF Output 1 connector and the Tx IF
Output 2 connector on the redundancy controller to the
corresponding IF INPUT connector on each BUC using
the coaxial cables supplied.

Connecting the IF cables between an L-Band IF modem (or
other equipment) and the redundancy controller
1 Connect the transmit IF output connector on the L-Band
IF modem (or other equipment) to the Tx IF Input
connector on the redundancy controller using a suitable
coaxial cable.
1 In systems other than transmit-only, connect the receive
IF input connector on the L-Band IF modem (or other
equipment) to the Rx IF Output connector on the
redundancy controller using a suitable coaxial cable.


Installation

Connecting the IF from the LNBs to the redundancy
controller
1 Connect the corresponding N-type IF output connector
on each LNB to the Rx IF Input 1 connector and the Rx
IF Input 2 connector on the redundancy controller using
the coaxial cable supplied.

Grounding the installation
To ground the installation:
1 Connect a separate earth strap from the protective earth
terminal on each unit directly to the common earth stake.


Installation

Serial interfaces of the BUCs from the
The M/C connector on each BUC includes the serial interface
of the BUC. Although the redundancy controller plugs into
this connector, the redundancy controller uses relay contacts to
communicate with the BUC.
You can access the serial interface of each BUC via the
14-way BUC 1 Serial or BUC 2 Serial connector on the
redundancy controller. These connectors are suitable for
temporary connection of a PC or Hand-held Controller 6560
as they have the same RS232 serial pin connections as the
M/C connector on the BUC.
The RS485 serial interfaces for both BUCs are included in the
19-way Auxiliary I/O connector interface of the redundancy
controller for remote monitor and control applications via the
Remote Controller 6570.


Installation

Accessing the Auxiliary I/O interface on the
Remote control and monitoring of the redundancy switching
system is accessible via the 19-way Auxiliary I/O connector
on the redundancy controller.
To use this 19-way connector, you need a 19-way
Mil-C-26482 series plug, part number MS3116J14-19P.
Figure 14 on page 52 shows the monitor and control interface
at the Auxiliary I/O connector of the redundancy controller.
Contacts are shown in their de-energised state.
Relay contacts indicate the following faults and operational
status of the redundancy system (the four relay contacts share
a common contact connection):
• Stream 1 Fault
• Stream 2 Fault
• Stream Selected
• Redundancy Controller Fault
Inputs are provided to allow remote control via contact
closures:
• control source
• Auto or Manual Mode
• stream selection
The RS485 connections parallel the two BUC RS485
interfaces to enable remote control of both BUCs using a
Remote Controller 6570, or using serial commands with a PC
running terminal-emulating software.


Installation

Figure 14: Auxiliary I/O interface of the redundancy
controller

+12 V
U +12 V
250 mA D GND
BUC 1
B Rx Data ‘A’ (RS422/485)
C Rx Data ‘B’ (RS422/485)

A Tx Data ‘A’ (RS422/485)
P Tx Data ‘B’ (RS422/485)

S Stream 1 Fault
BUC 2
Alarm contacts T Stream 2 Fault
open on fault
M Redundancy Controller
Fault
L Relay Common
V Stream Selected
(open = Stream 1)
+12 V
3k3 Disable
Remote
J Control

K Enable
+12 V
3k3 Auto
N Mode

F Manual
+12 V
3k3 Stream 1
Stream
G Select

H Stream 2


Installation

Setting up the redundancy switching
equipment
To set up the redundancy switching equipment:
1 Set the AC voltage selector on the control panel of the
redundancy controller to the appropriate voltage for your
operating environment.
1 Switch on the modem(s), then switch off the carrier(s).
1 Apply power to the redundancy controller and the BUCs.
1 Connect a Hand-held Controller 6560 to the BUC 1
Serial connector, then to the BUC 2 Serial connector
on the redundancy controller, and set the following
parameters:

Parameter Menu Setting

Tx state Control Tx off (initially)

Redundancy Auxiliary Hot standby
mode (preferred)
Warm standby

IF comp freq/RF Main Both BUCs must
comp freq have the same
settings
Tx attenuation Main

LO Auxiliary

Tx default Auxiliary


Installation

Parameter Menu Setting

Serial parity Auxiliary For information on
the required serial
Serial stop bits Auxiliary parameters for a
RS485 Auxiliary Remote
termination Controller 6570 see
the Hand-held and
Serial protocol Auxiliary Remote Controller
6560/6570 User
Serial address Auxiliary Guide
Serial echo Auxiliary

1 Set the Online state of the required BUC to Online.
1 Set the Tx state of both BUCs to Tx on.

If the Redundancy mode is Warm
standby, the output from the power
NOTE
amplifier in the off-line BUC is not
enabled.
High-power SSPAs in a high-power BUC
system must be configured for stand-alone
NOTE use in BUC stream redundancy. For more
information on high-power systems see the
relevant SSPA documentation.

The control panel of the redundancy controller shows the
stream selection states. All fuse LEDs and BUC/LNB LEDs
should be green.

In transmit-only systems, the LNB fuse LEDs
NOTE remain green and the LNB 1 and LNB 2 LEDs
are always off.
In C-Band systems that use a combined RF
NOTE waveguide/coaxial switch, the BUC 1 and
BUC 2 LEDs are always off.


Installation

Connecting the remote controller
The optional Remote Controller 6570 is connected to the
Auxiliary I/O connector on the redundancy controller using a
19-way cable.

Before connecting a Remote Controller 6570,
you should ensure that the serial address and
packet protocol in each BUC has been set up
NOTE correctly using a Hand-held Controller 6560, or
other serial device such as a PC. For more
information see the Hand-held and Remote
Controller 6560/6570 User Guide.

To connect the remote controller:
1 Plug the 25-way D-type socket on the 19-way cable into
the BUC Interface connector on the rear of the remote
controller.
1 Plug the 19-way MS plug on the 19-way cable into the
Auxiliary I/O connector on the redundancy controller.


Installation



3 Setting up and operating the
BUC system CODAN

Switching on the BUC (58)
LED indicators (59)
Serial interface monitor and control (62)
Serial interface commands (63)
Switching the redundancy system on and off (76)
Checking the operation of the LED indicators and
controls (76)
Switching between streams (76)
Controlling the redundancy system (78)


Setting up and operating the BUC system

Switching on the BUC
Ensure that the modem provides the correct DC
CAUTION voltages to power the particular BUC and LNB
models being used.

To switch on the BUC:
1 Switch on the modem, and if you have installed an
externally-powered BUC, switch on the power to the
BUC.
1 If you need to set up the BUC, switch off the carrier at
the modem.
Connect the BUC to a PC (see page 39, Connecting the
serial interface), then set up the BUC using the Set
commands in Table 14 on page 65.
Switch on the carrier at the modem.



LED indicators
There are three LED indicators on the BUC. These LEDs
indicate the state of the BUC (see Table 11).

Table 11: LED indicators on the BUC and their states

LED State Indicates...

PWR Green Power is supplied to the BUC

Tx Yellow The BUC PA is on

FLT Off No faults or latched faults are present

Constant red One or more of the following hardware faults have
been detected in the BUC:
• overtemperature fault (> 90°C)
• PA fault
• LO fault
• fan fault
• output power threshold
• hardware/firmware incompatibility
For information on fault finding see page 81,
Maintenance and fault finding

Flashing red One or more of the following faults have been
(2 flashes every detected in the system:
second) • an external fault in the LNB (when in redundancy
configuration only)
• an external fault in the redundancy controller (when
in redundancy configuration only)
• a non-volatile memory fault in the BUC

Flashing red The fault information from a latched fault has been
(1 flash every stored, however the fault is no longer present
2 seconds) (firmware V1.10 or earlier)

NOTE Use the VFS command to view the fault status.



The control panel of the redundancy controller has groups of
LEDs that indicate the status of the redundancy system and its
fuses.


LED Colour Indicates...

BUC 1 green BUC 1 is OK
In a high-power BUC system, the BUC and
high-power SSPA in Stream 1 are OK

red BUC 1 or LNB 1 is faulty
In a high-power BUC system, the BUC, high-
power SSPA or LNB in Stream 1 is faulty

BUC 2 green BUC 2 is OK
In a high-power BUC system, the BUC and
high-power SSPA in Stream 2 are OK

red BUC 2 or LNB 2 is faulty
In a high-power BUC system, the BUC, high-
power SSPA or LNB in Stream 2 is faulty

LNB 1 green LNB 1 is OK

red LNB 1 is faulty

LNB 2 green LNB 2 is OK

red LNB 2 is faulty

BUC Switch green BUC transmit waveguide switch is OK (LED
pairs indicate switch position)

red Switch is faulty (all four LEDs are red)

LNB Switch green LNB receive waveguide or combined
transmit/receive switch is OK (LED pairs
indicate switch position)

red Switch is faulty (all four LEDs are red)



redundancy controller (cont.)

LED Colour Indicates...

Redundancy green Redundancy system and switches are OK
Controller Status
red Redundancy system is faulty or switches are
inconsistent

Remote green Remote controller fuse OK
Controller fuse
red Remote controller fuse has blown

BUC 1/BUC 2 green BUC 1 or BUC 2 fuse is OK
fuse
red BUC 1 or BUC 2 fuse has blown

LNB 1/LNB 2 fuse green LNB 1 or LNB 2 fuse is OK

red LNB 1 or LNB 2 fuse has blown

The LNB 1, LNB 2 and LNB Switch LEDs
NOTE are fitted, but not operational in transmit-only
systems.



Serial interface monitor and control
To view or change the operating parameters of the BUC, the
BUC must be connected to a terminal (for example, a Hand-
held Controller 6560, a Remote Controller 6570, a PC, or an
organiser emulating a terminal).
To establish communications between the PC and the BUC see
page 39, Connecting the serial interface.
For more advanced remote control applications, contact your
Codan representative.
The BUC is monitored and controlled using 3-letter operating
commands followed, in some cases, by data. These commands
are described in Table 13 to Table 17.

The commands listed in Table 13 to Table 17
are used with common installations. If you have
NOTE other requirements for your installation, contact
your Codan representative for the facilities and
commands available.



Serial interface commands
This section describes the serial interface commands you can
use to set parameters and display information about the BUC.
The descriptions given are based on using ASCII protocol.
The commands consist of a 3-letter mnemonic and, in some
cases, command data.
Generally, the first letter of the command determines the type
of command (that is, H = Help, S = Set, O = Output,
V = View, R = Reset) and the last two letters uniquely define
the command.
The BUC is insensitive to the case of the command text.

For example output of a command set see
NOTE page 115, Example outputs for the View
commands.

For the... See...

Help commands Table 13 on page 64

Set commands Table 14 on page 65

Output commands Table 15 on page 72

View commands Table 16 on page 73

Reset commands Table 17 on page 74



Table 13: Help commands

Command Function Enter... Data required

Help Lists the Help commands. HLP None

Help for Set Lists the Set commands and HSC None
commands the possible settings.

Some settings are
dependent on the
NOTE
model of the BUC,
or another setting.

Help for Lists the Output commands. HOC None
Output
commands

Help for Lists the View commands. HVC None
View
commands

Help for Lists the Reset commands. HRC None
Reset
commands



Table 14: Set commands


Set transmit Switches transmit on or off STOn n = 0, switches transmit off
on by controlling the PA of the
n = 1, switches transmit on
BUC.
To switch on the PA, all three
serial interfaces (RS232,
RS422/485 and FSK) must
be set to STO1. STO1 is the
default setting for all of the
serial interfaces.
A built-in safety feature only
allows transmit to be
switched on via the interface
that was used to switch it off
originally.
STO1 cannot be used to
switch on transmit if an
internal fault has occurred in
the BUC.

For CE-certified
operation you
must set the
transmit default
state to Off
(STD0). When
NOTE STD0 is used (see
page 69, Set
transmit default),
you must use
STO1 after
powerup to switch
transmit on.



Table 14: Set commands (cont.)


Set Sets either the IF or RF SCFn For C-Band Standard and
compensation compensation frequency of Extended frequency band
frequency the carrier in MHz. BUCs:
The BUC determines from LO = 7300 MHz
the value entered whether IF: 950 ≤ n ≤ 1450
you have set the IF or RF RF: 5850 ≤ n ≤ 6350
compensation frequency, and
LO = 7375 MHz
calculates the corresponding
IF: 950 ≤ n ≤ 1525
RF or IF compensation
RF: 5850 ≤ n ≤ 6425
frequency.
LO = 7600 MHz
The IF or RF compensation
IF: 950 ≤ n ≤ 1750
frequency range is dependent
RF: 5850 ≤ n ≤ 6650
on the model of the BUC and
the LO setting. LO = 7675 MHz
IF: 950 ≤ n ≤ 1750
The BUC uses the specified
RF: 5925 ≤ n ≤ 6725
RF frequency for the internal
temperature compensation For Ku-Band Standard and
and other calibration Extended frequency band
functions. It does not affect BUCs:
the carrier frequency.
LO = 15450 MHz
If the carrier frequency is IF: 950 ≤ n ≤ 1700
unknown, set the IF or RF RF: 13750 ≤ n ≤ 14500
compensation frequency to
LO = 15450 MHz
zero.
IF: 950 ≤ n ≤ 1450
If multiple carriers are being RF: 14000 ≤ n ≤ 14500
transmitted and the
Use n = 0 for broadband
frequency is limited to a
operation (this forces
narrow band (for example,
broadband calibration data
over one transponder), set the
to be used)
IF or RF compensation
frequency to the nominal
centre frequency of the
operating band.





Set transmit Sets the transmit attenuator STAn n = 0 to 12 dB
attenuator of the BUC in dB.
Certain firmware versions
To minimise the possible allow 4 dB steps, while
effects of interference it is other firmware versions
preferable to have a high allow 1 dB steps.
transmit attenuation and a
high IF level from the
modem. Therefore, the BUC
attenuator should be set as
high as possible, consistent
with the required BUC
output power, transmit IF
cable loss and maximum IF
output level capability of the
modem.

Set transmit Sets the transmit power SATn n = value within the
power alarm alarm threshold in dBm. allowable threshold range
threshold for your BUC
The allowable threshold
range depends upon the n = 0, disables the transmit
model of the BUC. Use VLD power alarm
to display the upper and
lower limits of the allowable
range for your BUC (see
page 73, View limit data).
If the transmit power falls
below the set threshold, a
transmit power alarm is
generated.





Set burst Sets the burst mode power SBTn n = value within the
mode power threshold in dBm. allowable threshold range
threshold for your BUC
When you set a
new burst mode n = 0, disables burst
power threshold, detection
the current,
minimum and
NOTE maximum burst
power readings
are reset to zero
(see page 72,
Output burst
powers).

You can set the threshold
level above which
transmitted TDMA bursts or
similar signals are recorded.
The allowable threshold
range depends upon the
model of the BUC. Use VLD
to display the upper and
lower limits of the allowable
range for your BUC (see
page 73, View limit data).





Set local Sets the LO frequency in SLOn For C-Band Standard
oscillator MHz. frequency range BUCs:

Before you change n = 7300 or 7375 MHz
the LO setting you For C-Band Extended
NOTE should switch off frequency band BUCs:
transmission using
STO0. n = 7300, 7375, 7600 or
7675 MHz
It is not necessary
to use SLOn with
NOTE Ku-Band BUCs as
they only have one
LO frequency.

Set transmit Sets the default transmit state STDn n = 0, keeps transmit off
default at powerup. (that is, PA off) at powerup

For CE-certified n = 1, returns to transmit
operation you state prior to last
must set the powerdown
transmit default
state to Off
(STD0). When
NOTE
STD0 is used you
must use STO1
after powerup to
switch transmit on
(see page 65, Set
transmit on).

Set redundant Sets the BUC to operate in a SRMn n = 0, system without
mode redundancy system. redundancy

For a system n = 1, warm standby
without system
redundancy you n = 2, hot standby system
NOTE
must always set
the redundant
mode to zero.





Set on line Sets the on-line or off-line SOLn n = 0, forces the selected
state of the BUC in a warm BUC off line
standby or hot standby
n = 1, forces the selected
redundant system, that is,
BUC on line
SRM1 or SRM2 has been
set.

If a BUC is forced
off line when the
alternative BUC in
the redundancy
system is faulty,
NOTE the redundancy
system
automatically
switches the non-
faulty BUC back
on line.

Set serial Sets the data format of the SSIr,w, r = baud rate (1200, 2400,
interface RS422/485 and FSK serial p,s,t 4800, 9600, 19200)
interfaces.
w = word length in bits
The data format for these (7 or 8)
interfaces cannot be set
p = parity N/n (none),
independently.
E/e (even), O/o (odd)
This command can only be
s = number of stop bits
used on the RS232 port.
(1 or 2)
t = RS422/485 bus
terminated or unterminated
(T/t, U/u)





Set packet Sets the packet protocol used SPPn n = 0, ASCII protocol
protocol on the RS422/485 and FSK
n = 1, Codan protocol
serial interfaces.
n = 2, SAbus protocol
The packet protocols for
these interfaces cannot be set n = 3, Comstream protocol
independently.
n = 4, NDSatcom protocol
This command can only be
used on the RS232 port.

Set packet Sets the packet address. SADn 1 ≤ n ≤ 126, Codan
address protocol
The packet address range
depends on the packet 49 ≤ n ≤ 111, SAbus
protocol selected (see protocol
page 71, Set packet
1 ≤ n ≤ 31, Comstream
protocol).
protocol
For information on protocols,
1 ≤ n ≤ 15, NDSatcom
contact your Codan
protocol
representative.

Set echo Switches the echoing of SECn n = 0, disables echoing
characters on or off in ASCII
n = 1, enables echoing
protocol mode on the RS232
interface only.
Echo is always off on the
FSK and RS422/485
interfaces.



Table 15: Output commands


Output power Displays the RF power OPO None
output output of the BUC in dBm.
If the output power is less
than the lower limit, 0.0 dBm
is displayed.
If the output power is greater
than the upper limit,
99.9 dBm is displayed.

Output burst Displays the current, OBP None
powers minimum and maximum
burst output powers of the
BUC in dBm.
If the burst power is less than
the lower limit, 0.0 dBm is
displayed.
If the burst power is greater
than the upper limit,
99.9 dBm is displayed.



Table 16: View commands


View system Displays the status and VSS None
status parameter settings of the
BUC.

View Displays the operational data VOD None
operational of the BUC.
data

View fault Displays the fault status of VFS None
status the BUC. In a
transmit/receive redundancy
system it also displays the
fault status of the LNB and
the redundancy controller. It
displays both current faults
and latched faults (that is,
faults that have previously
occurred but may have
cleared).

View identity Displays the identification VID None
and and configuration data of the
configuration BUC.
data

View limit Displays the frequency and VLD None
data power ranges for the BUC.

View Displays the serial interface VPD None
protocol data protocol information.

View build Displays the build standard VBS None
standard data information of the BUC.



Table 17: Reset commands


Reset Resets the BUC settings to the settings RST None
at powerup (that is, it has the same
effect as switching the power off then
on again). The maximum and minimum
readings for the burst mode power are
cleared, the LO synthesiser is reloaded
and, if the transmit default state is set to
off, the PA of the BUC is switched off.

Reset latched Clears all latched faults except those RLF None
faults that are still current.

Reset to Resets the parameters that are changed RDV None
default via the Set commands to their factory
values default settings.

If you have a C-Band BUC,
you should switch off the
carrier at the modem before
using this command. This
NOTE prevents transmission on an
undesired frequency. When
you have reset the LO
frequency, switch
transmission on.

The default settings are:

transmit on (for RS232,
RS422/485 and
FSK)

RF compensation 0 MHz
frequency

IF compensation 0 MHz
frequency

transmit attenuator 12 dB



Table 17: Reset commands (cont.)


Reset to output power 0 dBm (off)
default threshold
values
(cont.) burst mode power 0 dBm (off)
threshold

LO frequency C-Band:
7375 MHz
Ku-Band:
15450 MHz

transmit default PA returns to
transmit state prior
to powerdown

redundant mode non-redundant
mode

serial interface 9600 baud
8 bits
no parity
1 stop bit
unterminated
RS422/485 bus

packet protocol NDSatcom
protocol

packet address 1 for Codan
49 for SAbus
1 for Comstream
1 for NDSatcom

echo on



Switching the redundancy system on and
off
When you power up the redundancy controller, the
redundancy switching system resumes operation using the
current state of the switches.
You can switch off the redundancy switching system at any
time by simply switching off the redundancy controller at the
AC mains supply. In some BUC systems, the BUCs are also
powered down.

Checking the operation of the LED
indicators and controls
The redundancy controller has 18 indicators on the internal
control panel (see Figure 9 on page 18 and Table 12 on
page 60).

Switching between streams
The redundancy controller enables automatic and manual
switching of streams.
The redundancy controller automatically switches streams
when it receives an alarm from the on-line stream. The
redundancy controller always switches transmit and receive
paths together.
You can manually force the system to switch between
Stream 1 and Stream 2.



Operating the redundancy system

If you are not using the contact closure inputs on the
Auxiliary I/O connector, the redundancy controller runs
automatically. You can manually switch streams by setting the
Online state of a BUC using a Hand-held Controller 6560 or
a PC connected to the BUC 1 Serial or BUC 2 Serial
connectors, or a Remote Controller 6570 connected to the
Auxiliary I/O connector.

If you want to exert external control via the contact closures
on the Auxiliary I/O connector (see Figure 14 on page 52)
you must:
1 Ground pin J.
This enables remote control.
1 Select Manual Mode by grounding pin N, or select Auto
Mode by not grounding pin N.
1 If Manual Mode was selected in the previous step, then
you may select Stream 2 by grounding pin G, or select
Stream 1 by not grounding pin G.

External stream selection in Manual Mode
NOTE
is independent of any faults.



Controlling the redundancy system
For correct operation of the redundancy system, both BUCs
must be switched on.

To switch on the BUCs:
1 Switch on the modem, and if you have installed an
externally-powered BUC system, switch on the power to
the BUC.
The standby state of the off-line BUC is dependent on how the
Redundancy mode is set. The off-line BUC can be set to two
states:
• power amplifier on (hot standby system)
• power amplifier off (warm standby system)

In a high-power BUC system, the high-power
NOTE
SSPA is always activated.

Hot standby

In hot standby, the power amplifier of each BUC is activated
ready for immediate use. A hot standby system has greater
power consumption than any other redundancy system
configuration.

To set the BUCs to operate in hot standby:
1 Set the Redundancy mode to Hot standby using a
Hand-held Controller 6560, a Remote Controller 6570,
or serial commands on a PC running terminal-emulating
software.



Codan recommends that you set the
Redundancy mode of both BUCs to
Hot standby. This keeps the off-line
stream in hot standby ready for immediate
NOTE operation. It also enables detection of
faults in the power amplifier of the off-line
BUC through the normal fault detection
system, or via the transmit power alarm
threshold facility.

Warm standby

In warm standby, only the power amplifier of the on-line BUC
is activated. This provides a lower power consumption than
the hot standby system. The power amplifier of the off-line
BUC is automatically activated when the stream switches to
on line.

To set the BUCs to operate in warm standby:
1 Set the Redundancy mode to Warm standby using
a Hand-held Controller 6560, a Remote Controller 6570,
or serial commands on a PC running terminal-emulating
software.


4 Maintenance and fault
finding CODAN

Precautions (82)
If technical assistance is required... (84)
Finding faults in the BUC system (85)
Finding faults in the redundancy switching equipment (100)
Finding faults in the remote controller (109)



Precautions

Connections to power supplies
In general, exposed connector pins do not carry DC supply
voltages.

Care should be taken at all times to avoid short
WARNING
circuiting connector pins.

Servicing requirements
If you find that any module is faulty, contact your Codan
representative or Codan customer service staff. Before
returning goods to Codan you must obtain an RMA to
authorise the return of your goods.

Do not attempt to repair the module as you may
WARNING cause further faults and void the manufacturer’s
warranty.

RF waveguide switches
Handle all RF waveguide switches with care.
They are easily damaged.
It is critical to weatherproof waveguide and
control joints for long-term switch reliability.
WARNING
The RF waveguide switch is a precision
microwave electromechanical assembly. Do not
attempt to repair it yourself. Return all faulty RF
waveguide switches to Codan for repair.



Fuses and overcurrent protection in the Redundancy
Controller 6586
Table 18 lists the types of fuses on the control panel of the
redundancy controller and the device protected. For
information on changing fuses see page 102, Replacing fuses
in the redundancy controller.

Table 18: Fuses in the redundancy controller

Label Type Protects...

BUC 1/BUC 2 Delay 20 × 5 mm, 5 A BUC 1/BUC 2

LNB 1/LNB 2 Delay 20 × 5 mm, 1 A LNB 1/LNB 2

Remote Controller Delay 20 × 5 mm, 250 mA Remote Controller 6570

LNB fuses are fitted, but are not used in
NOTE
transmit-only systems.



If technical assistance is required...
If the fault diagnosis guidelines do not locate the faulty
module or cable, or if further technical assistance is required
for any other reason, please refer to the contact details
supplied with the equipment. These details are also available
on the internet at www.codan.com.au. In the Satellite
Communications section, click on Product Support.
Outside of normal office hours, Codan has Customer Service
Engineers on call to provide emergency technical assistance.
They will either answer your call immediately or return your
call as soon as possible.
If you are connected to a voice mail system when you call,
please follow the instructions carefully, that is, leave your
name and contact phone number (including the country code),
then a brief, clear description of your problem.



Finding faults in the BUC system
The fault finding information provided in this section is
designed to locate faulty modules and cables, and to determine
if correct operating procedures have been followed. Faults are
indicated by the LEDs on the BUC (see Table 11 on page 59).
If a fault is indicated on the BUC it is recommended that you
check the cables and the cable connections.

Using the BUC fault diagnosis charts
The tests indicated in the diagnosis charts are at the end of this
section. When an ‘*’ appears in a diagnosis chart, it indicates
that you are to refer to the relevant test.
You should be able to locate simple faults with minimal test
equipment. A terminal or a computer emulating a terminal is
required for checking the BUC. The most effective technique
when dealing with complex faults, or if a terminal is not
available, is to substitute modules.

During fault finding or performance testing,
disconnect the transmit IF signal and/or
CAUTION terminate the BUC output into a suitably-rated
dummy load. This ensures that unwanted
signals are not transmitted.

You can commence fault finding using the:
• Main BUC fault diagnosis chart (Figure 15 on page 86)
• LNB fault diagnosis chart (Figure 25 on page 96)

The following flow charts assume the BUC is in
non-redundant mode. If the BUC is set to either
of the two redundancy modes and is not
NOTE
installed in a redundancy system, LNB and
redundancy controller faults are permanently
indicated and cannot be cleared.



Figure 15: Main BUC fault diagnosis chart

Main BUC fault
diagnosis chart

Is the
See BUC fault
PWR LED on the No
diagnosis chart 1.
BUC green?

Yes

* The FLT LED on earlier-
Is the version BUCs may flash red
FLT LED on the See BUC fault to indicate the presence of
Yes
BUC constant diagnosis chart 2. latched faults. Latched faults
red?* are reset using the RLF
command.

No

Is the
See BUC fault
Tx LED on the Yes
diagnosis chart 6.
BUC yellow?

No

See BUC fault
diagnosis chart 7.



Figure 16: BUC fault diagnosis chart 1

BUC fault
diagnosis chart 1

Is
BUC externally- Check voltage on
Externally * Refer to test
powered, or powered
power connector
procedures
powered via IF (Test B)*.
cable?

Check cable,
OK? No AC mains and circuit
breakers.
IF cable

Yes

BUC faulty.
Refer to Codan.

Is Check for DC power at
IF power supply No both ends of the Tx IF
being used? cable (Test A)*.

Yes

Check for DC power at
the output of the IF
power supply and the OK? Yes
BUC end of the Tx IF
cable (Test A)*.

No

Modem or cable
OK? No faulty. Replace
as required.

Yes




BUC fault
diagnosis chart 2

Check faults using
VFS command.

Check the IF level
Is
(Test D)* and the Reset latched
Tx Power
No output power alarm faults using RLF
Alarm
threshold and adjust command.
OK?
as required.

Yes

Wait for BUC to cool
Does Is
down. Ensure air flow
BUC have No BUC Temp No
around BUC is not
a fan? OK?
restricted.

Yes Yes

See BUC fault See BUC fault * Refer to test
diagnosis chart 3. diagnosis chart 4. procedures




BUC fault
diagnosis chart 3

Is
See BUC fan fault
there a Yes
diagnosis chart 1.
fan fault?

No

Is
See BUC fault
BUC Temp Yes
diagnosis chart 4.
OK?

No

See BUC fan fault
diagnosis chart 1.




BUC fault
diagnosis chart 4

Is PA See BUC fault
Yes
OK? diagnosis chart 5.

No

Switch off BUC PA
using STO0
command.

Reset BUC using RST
command. Reset
latched faults using
RLF command.

Switch on BUC PA
using STO1
command.

Is
FLT LED
BUC faulty.
red and PA Yes
Refer to Codan.
showing a
fault?

No

BUC OK.
Monitor for recurrence
of fault.




BUC fault
diagnosis chart 5

Reset latched faults
Is LO using RLF command.
Yes
OK? Monitor for recurrence
of fault.
No

Does BUC
have an internal BUC faulty.
Yes
10 MHz Refer to Codan.
reference?

No

Check for 10 MHz at
both ends of the Tx IF
cable (Test C)*.

Modem, external
10 MHz reference
OK? No
source, or cable faulty.
Replace as required.
Yes

Reset BUC using RST
command. Reset
latched faults using
RLF command.

Is
FLT LED red and BUC faulty.
Yes
LO showing a Refer to Codan.
fault?

No

BUC OK.
* Refer to test
Monitor for recurrence
procedures
of fault.




BUC fault
diagnosis chart 6

Check for presence of
Tx IF from modem at
both ends of the Tx IF
cable (Test D)*.

Modem, any other
device on IF cable, or
OK? No
cable faulty. Replace
as required.
Yes

Is the Set the correct
transmit transmit attenuator
No
attenuator setting setting using STA
correct? command.

Yes

BUC faulty. * Refer to test
Refer to Codan. procedures




BUC fault
diagnosis chart 7

Switch the BUC PA on
using STO1
command.

Is the
Tx LED Yes BUC OK.
yellow?

No

Reset the setting to
default values using
RDV command.

Is the
BUC faulty.
Tx LED No
Refer to Codan.
yellow?

Yes

Set all BUC settings
changed by RDV
command.

BUC OK.



Figure 23: BUC fan fault diagnosis chart 1

BUC fan fault
diagnosis chart 1

Reset BUC using RST
and RLF commands.

Check fan fault using
VFS command.

Is fan fault Fan operation
No
still present? normal.

Yes

Are fan(s) See BUC fan fault
No
running? diagnosis chart 2.

Yes

BUC faulty.
Refer to Codan.



Figure 24: BUC fan fault diagnosis chart 2

BUC fan fault
diagnosis chart 2

Check for obstruction
or seized bearings on
stationary fan(s).

Repair/replace
OK? No fans as
necessary.

Yes

Check for DC power at
the fan (Test E)*.

Fan faulty.
Repair/replace
OK? Yes
fans as
necessary.

No

BUC faulty. * Refer to test
Refer to Codan. procedures



Figure 25: LNB fault diagnosis chart

LNB fault
diagnosis chart

Disconnect LNB.

Check for +15 V DC at
both ends of the Rx IF
cable (Test F)*.

Modem, external
LNB power supply, or
OK? No
cable faulty. Replace
as required.
Yes

Does LNB
LNB faulty.
have an
Yes Replace LNB or
internal 10 MHz
refer to Codan.
reference?

No

Check 10 MHz at both
ends of the Rx IF
cable (Test C)*.

Modem, external
10 MHz reference
OK? No
source, or cable faulty.
Replace as required.
Yes

LNB faulty.
Replace LNB or
refer to Codan.



Test procedures
Use the following tests in conjunction with the fault finding
diagnosis charts.

Table 19: Test A

Procedure Comment

Measure the DC voltage at both ends of For +24 V BUCs, the DC voltage should
the transmit IF cable. be +19 to +35 V DC.
Connect positive to the centre pin and For +48 V BUCs, the DC voltage should
negative to ground (to the screen). be +42 to +60 V DC.

Table 20: Test B

Procedure Comment

Measure the voltage on the connector For AC-powered BUCs, the measured
that plugs into the BUC. AC mains voltage must be between 94
and 275 V AC.
Care needs to be taken
when performing this For DC-powered BUCs, the measured
WARNING measurement as a severe voltage range should be as stated in
electric shock and Test A (Table 19 on page 97).
personal injury may result.

For pinouts of the AC INPUT connector
see Table 8 on page 31.



Table 21: Test C

Procedure Comment

Measure 10 MHz at both ends of the The 10 MHz signal level should be –5 to
transmit or receive IF cable as required. +5 dBm.

A DC block may be
required to protect the test
WARNING
equipment from the DC
voltage on the IF cable.

Table 22: Test D

Procedure Comment

Measure IF level at both ends of the The IF signal level should be consistent
transmit IF cable. with the IF level plan for the BUC.

It is recommended that a A DC block may be
spectrum analyser is used required to protect the test
to measure the IF level. A WARNING equipment from the
power meter may be used +24/48 V DC on the
NOTE
but the reading will be transmit IF cable.
misleading unless the
10 MHz signal can be
filtered out.

Table 23: Test E

Procedure Comment

Measure the DC voltage at the fan feed- Depending on the BUC, the DC voltage
through connections on the BUC, should usually be either:
positive and negative as marked. • 9 to 10.2 V DC, or
• 12 V ±1 V DC
Refer to your Codan representative for
exact specifications for your BUC.



Table 24: Test F

Procedure Comment

Measure the DC voltage at both ends of The DC voltage should be +15 to
the receive IF cable. +24 V DC.



Finding faults in the redundancy switching
equipment
A fault in the redundancy switching equipment is likely when
a fault in the on-line BUC or high-power BUC system does
not cause streams to switch, or you cannot manually switch
streams. If this occurs, view the control panel of the
redundancy controller to assess the probable cause of the fault.
The probable faults for the redundancy switching equipment
are:
• blown fuses
• inconsistent stream selections, indicated by two BUC
Switch LEDs and two LNB Switch LEDs illuminated
green on opposing streams
• faults in the RF waveguide switches, indicated by four
BUC Switch LEDs and/or four LNB Switch LEDs
being illuminated red
• faults in the redundancy controller, indicated by the
Redundancy Controller Status LED illuminated
red, following the elimination of blown fuses, and RF
waveguide switch and cable faults

Blown fuses

If the control panel of the redundancy controller indicates that
any fuses are blown, replace the fuses (see page 102,
Replacing fuses in the redundancy controller).

Inconsistent stream selections

During stream selection, an RF waveguide switch may fail to
switch completely between the streams. In this situation, the
BUC Switch or LNB Switch LEDs indicate that one stream
is selected in transmit and the other selected in receive. If this
fault is indicated, continue from page 103, Resolving
inconsistent stream selections.



Faults in the RF waveguide switches

Faults in the RF waveguide switches are caused inside the
switches or in the switch cables. Such faults are likely if:
• the BUC Switch or LNB Switch LEDs on the control
panel of the redundancy controller are illuminated red,
which indicates inconsistencies from the RF waveguide
switch tell-back contacts
• there is a loss of the transmit or receive signal
If these faults are indicated, continue from page 103, Finding
faults in an RF waveguide switch.

Faults in the redundancy controller

Faults in the redundancy controller are caused by faults in the
controller unit itself or the cables connected to the controller.
These types of faults are indicated by the failure of the
redundancy switching equipment when an RF waveguide
switch fault is unlikely. To determine where the fault may be,
continue from page 107, Finding faults in the redundancy
controller.

In transmit-only systems, the LNB Switch
NOTE
LEDs are not operational.
In C-Band transmit/receive systems that use
NOTE combined RF waveguide/coaxial switches, the
BUC Switch LEDs are not operational.



Replacing fuses in the redundancy controller
Make sure that the AC mains power is switched
WARNING off before replacing fuses or disconnecting
power cables.

To replace a blown fuse:
1 Switch off the redundancy controller at the AC mains.
1 Disconnect all the cables from the redundancy controller
except for the power cables.
1 Replace the blown fuse on the control panel of the
1 Switch on the AC mains supply to the redundancy
controller.
1 If the fuse blows again, the redundancy controller is
faulty. Contact your Codan representative for assistance.
1 If the fuse does not blow, reconnect all cables one by
one.
If the fuse blows, the last unit connected, or its cable, is
faulty.
If the fuse does not blow after reconnecting all cables,
the original fuse may have blown because of a temporary
power supply surge.
1 If a problem persists, contact your Codan representative
for assistance.



Resolving inconsistent stream selections
To resolve inconsistent stream selections:
1 Use serial commands on a PC running terminal-
emulating software, a Hand-held Controller 6560, or a
Remote Controller 6570 to switch streams remotely (see
page 76, Switching between streams).
1 Switch streams several times to ensure that the switches
are operating correctly in both streams.
1 If the inconsistent stream selections persist, continue
below at Finding faults in an RF waveguide switch.

Finding faults in an RF waveguide switch
The redundancy controller monitors the tell-back contacts in
the RF waveguide switch.
If Stream 1 is on line:
• position 1 tell-back contact should be closed to the
tell-back common contact
• position 2 tell-back contact should be open
The opposite should be true when Stream 2 is on line.
If the redundancy controller detects that either tell-back
contact is set incorrectly, the BUC Switch or LNB Switch
LEDs illuminate red.
RF waveguide switch faults might be caused by:
• an open or short in the control cable for the switch
• a jammed switch or switch that does not rotate through
its full 90° arc
• a burnt-out coil in the switch
• faulty tell-back contacts
Use Figure 26 on page 104 to check for faults in an RF
waveguide switch.



Figure 26: RF waveguide switch fault diagnosis chart

RF waveguide switch
fault diagnosis chart

Disconnect cable from switch.

Select position 1 by manually
rotating actuator in switch.

Are the
resistances and tell-back Switch faulty.
No
contacts consistent with Replace switch.
Table 25?

Yes

Repeat measurements Select position 2 by manually
at 6586 end of cable. rotating actuator in switch.

Are the
resistances and tell-back Switch faulty.
No
contacts consistent with Replace switch.
Table 25?

Yes

Reconnect cable to switch.
Disconnect cable from 6586.

What
colour are the
Switch fault
BUC Switch and Green
resolved.
LNB Switch*
LEDs?

Red

* LNB Switch LEDs
6586 faulty. are not operational in
transmit-only systems



Checking the resistance of an RF waveguide switch

To check the resistance of an RF waveguide switch:
1 Disconnect the control cable from the RF waveguide
switch.
1 Use a multimeter to check the resistance of the coils and
tell-back contacts at the connector on the switch.
Table 25 shows the expected results at RF waveguide
switch position 1 and position 2.

To manually change a switch position,
NOTE remove the cover on the actuator of the
switch, then rotate the actuator.
The pin numbers in Table 25 apply to the
connectors at both ends of the cable
NOTE
connecting the RF waveguide switch to the

Table 25: Resistance of coils when the RF waveguide
switch is in positions 1 and 2

RF waveguide Resistance of pin A Resistance of pin C Tell-back
switch (coil 1) to pin B (coil 2) to pin B contact
(common) (common)

Position 1 Very high 100 Ω (WR137, WR75) D–E closed
(coil 1 open 24 Ω (WR229) F–E open
circuit)

Position 2 100 Ω (WR137, WR75) Very high D–E open
(coil 2 open 24 Ω (WR229) F–E closed
circuit)

The resistance of pin C to pin B for position 1 of
NOTE the RF waveguide switch is not applicable to
transmit-only systems.



If both coils of an RF waveguide switch have high
resistance, it is possible that the switch has burnt out. If
the resistance of the coils is within the range, the switch
may be jammed.

Checking a jammed RF waveguide switch

To check an RF waveguide switch that appears to be jammed:
1 Remove the RF waveguide switch from the waveguide
components and check for foreign material.
1 Reconnect the control cable to the RF waveguide switch.
1 Try to manually operate the RF waveguide switch using
a Remote Controller 6570 or Hand-held Controller 6560
while someone observes the internal waveguide
mechanism (see page 76, Switching between streams).
1 If the RF waveguide switch does not move, remove the
control cable and the actuator cover from the RF
waveguide switch.
Try physically rotating the RF waveguide switch by
hand.
1 If the RF waveguide switch functions correctly, reinstall
the RF waveguide switch to the waveguide components.
1 If the RF waveguide switch fails to operate correctly,
bypass the switch by connecting the LNB or BUC
directly to the receive port or transmit port of the antenna
feed respectively.
1 Return the RF waveguide switch to Codan for repair.



Finding faults in the redundancy controller
To check for faults in the redundancy controller:
1 In a BUC system, check the voltage between the centre
pin and body of the Tx IF Output 1 and Tx IF
Output 2 connectors.

WARNING Do not short circuit the outputs.

1 If 36 to 60 V DC is not present, check the fuses.
If the fuses have not blown, the power supply inside the
redundancy controller is faulty. Contact your Codan
representative for assistance.

Disconnecting a faulty BUC
If you determine that a BUC is faulty and you cannot rectify
the fault, you may need to remove the faulty BUC from the
system so that it can be repaired.

To remove a faulty BUC while maintaining a communication
path:
1 Disconnect the cable from the BUC 1 Control or
BUC 2 Control connector on the redundancy
controller, as required.
1 If you are removing an externally-powered BUC from
the system, switch off the power supply to the BUC.
1 Disconnect the cable from the Tx IF Output 1 or Tx IF
Output 2 connector on the redundancy controller, as
required.
This will not interrupt traffic. The redundancy controller
will continue to run the on-line BUC.
1 Disconnect any unused cables from the redundancy
controller and fit the supplied dust caps.



Reverting to a single-BUC earth station
If it is necessary to remove the redundancy controller from the
system because it is faulty, you can restore communications by
reverting to a basic, single-BUC earth station. You can either
leave the RF waveguide switches in place or remove them.

To revert to a single-BUC earth station:
1 Switch off the redundancy controller.
1 Remove the control and IF coaxial cables between the
redundancy controller, BUCs and LNBs (if used).
1 At the redundancy controller, unplug the two IF coaxial
cables that connect to the modem or other equipment.
Reconnect these cables directly to the on-line BUC.
If you are unsure of the position of the RF waveguide
switches, use a multimeter to check the tell-back contacts
at the control connector for the RF waveguide switch
(see Table 26).

Table 26: Tell-back contacts for switch positions 1
and 2

Switch position 1 Switch position 2

D–E closed D–E open

F–E open F–E closed

1 Remove any remote interface cable from the
Auxiliary I/O connector on the redundancy controller.
1 If you need to remove a faulty RF waveguide switch,
connect the BUC or LNB directly to the antenna feed.
1 Seal all N-type connections with self-amalgamating tape.

CAUTION
weatherproof.



Finding faults in the remote controller
The remote controller or its associated cable is faulty if the
LEDs on the remote controller are not illuminated, or actions
taken on the remote controller are not reflected in the
redundancy system.

Checking for supply faults

Use Figure 27 on page 110 to check for supply faults to the
remote controller.



Figure 27: Remote controller supply fault diagnosis
chart

Remote controller
supply fault
diagnosis chart

Check the Remote
Controller fuse on
6586.

Fuse
No Replace fuse.
OK?

Yes

Is there
+12 V between
pin 2 and pin 1 on Remote controller
Yes
Auxiliary I/O faulty.
cable
assembly?

No

Is there
+12 V between
Auxiliary I/O
pin U and pin D at
No cable assembly
Auxiliary I/O
faulty.
connector on
6586?

Yes

6586 faulty.
Refer to Codan.


Appendix A—BUC model and
redundancy system numbers CODAN

BUC model numbers

The model number of your BUC indicates various options
available in your BUC.

Figure 28: Segments of the BUC model number

NNPP-X/Y-AA/BB-GG-ZZ
RF output type
Model type

Output power

Power supply

Power connector

CE compliance

Special vairants
Frequency band

Table 27: Definition of the BUC model number

Option Description Code

Model type C-Band 67

Ku-Band 69

Output power Output power PP
For example:
PP is represented as 10 for a 10 W BUC
PP is represented as 12H for a 120 W BUC

RF output type N-type N

Waveguide W


BUC model and redundancy system numbers

Table 27: Definition of the BUC model number (cont.)


Frequency band Standard: 5.850 to 6.425 GHz for C-Band S

14.0 to 14.5 GHz for Ku-Band

Extended: 5.850 to 6.725 GHz for C-Band E

13.75 to 14.50 GHz for Ku-Band

Power supply 24 V DC 24

48 V DC 48

AC AC

Power connector IF N-type connector IF

External power connector EX

CE certification CE-certified CE

Not CE-certified Segment
omitted

Special variants Codes allocated as required

For example, the model number 6725-W/E-AC/EX-CE
represents a C-Band 25 W MBUC with waveguide output
using the Extended frequency band. It is AC powered via an
external power connector, and is CE-certified. It has no special
variants.



Redundancy system numbers

The number of your redundancy system indicates various
options available in your system.

Figure 29: Segments of the redundancy system
number

6586-AA/B-CC-DD
BUC output

System type
Redundancy

BUC model and
Frequency band

connector
controller

power group

Table 28: Definition of the redundancy system number


Frequency band C-Band C

Ku-Band Ku

BUC output N-type coaxial (C-Band only) N
connector
Waveguide (C-Band and Ku-Band) W



Table 28: Definition of the redundancy system number
(cont.)


BUC model and LBUC C-Band: 5 W, 10 W, 20 W L1
power group
Ku-Band: 4 W, 8 W, 16 W

MBUC C-Band: 25 W, 40 W M1

Ku-Band: 16 W

C-Band: 60 W M2

Ku-Band: 25 W

HBUC C-Band: 120 W H1

Ku-Band: 40 W

System type Transmit-only (BUC) TO

Transmit/receive (BUC & LNB) TR

For example, the model number 6586-C/W-M2-TO represents
a C-Band transmit-only redundancy system using 60 W
MBUCs with waveguide output.


Appendix B—Example outputs
for the View commands CODAN

These outputs show example data only. The data
NOTE displayed can vary between BUC systems and
firmware versions.

View system status

The figures in brackets are the parameter values enabled for
the Set commands that were used to achieve the settings
displayed.

In a system without redundancy:
• the BUC is always On Line; this setting
NOTE cannot be changed
• the Redundant Mode must always be set to
non-redundant (0)

-----------------------System Status-------------------------------
PA State Off Transmit Atten 4
Transmit On (RS232) On (1) Tx Alarm Thresh 0.0
Transmit On (RS485) Off (0) Burst Pwr Thresh 19.0
Transmit On (FSK) On (1) Serial I/face 9600,8,N,1,T
Transmit Default Off (0) Packet Protocol Codan (1)
Compensation Freq 0 Packet Address 126
IF Comp Freq 0 Red'cy -Mode Non (0)
LO Freq 7375 -On/Off Line On (1)
-----------------------------------------------------------------

View operational data

---------------------Operational Data----------------------
Output Power 0.0 Burst Power 0.0
Min Burst Power 0.0 Max Burst Power 99.9
Temperature(C) 31
----------------------------------------------------------


Example outputs for the View commands

View fault status

-------------Fault Status-------------
Current Latched
PA OK OK
Fan OK OK
Tx Power Alarm OK OK
BUC Temp OK OK
LO OK OK
Internal OK OK
LNB - -
Red'cy Controller - -
--------------------------------------

If there is no fan in the BUC, the current and
NOTE
latched status for the fan shows a dash.

View identity and configuration data

--------------------------Identity Data----------------------------
Model No 6704/48 Serial No 3232676a0005
Firmware P/No 90-20621-001 Firmware Version 1.06
-------------------------------------------------------------------

View limit data

The data displayed depends on the model of the BUC and the
current LO setting.

-----------------------Limit Data---------------------------
Min Tx IF Freq 950 Max Tx IF Freq 1525
Min Tx RF Freq 5850 Max Tx RF Freq 6425
LO1 Freq 7300 LO2 Freq 7600
LO3 Freq 7375 LO4 Freq 7675
Min Power Meter 19.0 Max Power Meter 36.0
-----------------------------------------------------------



View protocol data

-----------------------Protocol Data--------------------
Protocol 0 ASCII
Protocol 1 Codan Address Range 1..126
Protocol 2 SAbus Address Range 49..111
Protocol 3 Comstream Address Range 1..31
Protocol 4 NDSatcom Address Range 1..15
-------------------------------------------------------

View build standard data

-----------Build Standard -------------
H/W Std S/W Std
M&C PCB 1 1
RF PCB 1 1
LO PCB 1 1
Pwr PCB 1 -
---------------------------------------


Appendix C—Compliance CODAN

Introduction (120)
European R&TTE Directive (121)
Electromagnetic compatibility and safety notices (123)


Compliance

Introduction
The Block Up Converter 6700/6900 series is manufactured in
a number of variants. CE-certified versions are marked with
the 0682 , 0682 or symbols.
This section describes how to ensure the Block Up Converter
6700/6900 series and Redundancy Controller 6586 comply
with the European Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive
89/336/EEC and the European Low Voltage Directive
73/23/EEC as called up in the European R&TTE Directive
1999/5/EC.


Compliance

European R&TTE Directive
CE-certified versions of the Block Up Converter 6700/6900
series and Redundancy Controller 6586 have been assessed
and comply with the following standards (articles of the
R&TTE Directive):
• Article 3.1a: EN 60950
• Article 3.1b: ETSI EN 301 489-1
• Article 3.1b: ETSI EN 301 489-12
• Article 3.2: ETSI EN 301 428
• Article 3.2: ETSI EN 301 443
Compliance with these standards is sufficient to fulfil the
requirements of the R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC, which
encompasses the following directives:
• European EMC Directive, 89/336/EEC
• European Low Voltage Directive, 73/23/EEC with no
lower voltage limit

Product marking and labelling

Any equipment supplied by Codan that satisfies these
requirements is identified by the 0682 , 0682 or
markings on the model label of the product.

Declaration of conformity

The CE declarations of conformity for each specific product
can be made available upon request to Codan or a Codan-
authorised supplier.


Compliance

Protection of the radio spectrum

Some countries may restrict the use of satellite
communications equipment on certain
frequency bands or require such equipment to
CAUTION
be licensed. It is the user’s responsibility to
check the specific requirements with the
appropriate communications authorities.

It is the responsibility of the user to ensure any modem used in
conjunction with the Block Up Converter 6700/6900 series
and Redundancy Controller 6586 complies with EN 301 428
or EN 301 443 so that CE-certification with respect to radiated
spurious signals is maintained. If necessary, contact Codan for
more information.

To set up the BUC for CE-certified operation you must:
1 Enter the STD0 command.
This sets the default transmit state on powerup to Off.
1 Enter the STO1 command to activate the BUC.

Health requirements (human exposure to
electromagnetic fields)

The Block Up Converter 6700/6900 series and Redundancy
Controller 6586 have been assessed against the health
requirements in article 3.1a of the R&TTE Directive
(1999/5/EC) complying with VDE0848, ICNIRP and FCC
health requirements.
The Redundancy Controller 6586 is non-transmitting ancillary
equipment according to ETSI EN 301 428 and ETSI EN 301
443, and does not cause or increase the risk of human
exposure to electromagnetic fields.


Compliance

Electromagnetic compatibility and safety
notices

Radiation safety

A radiation hazard exists if the BUC is operated
with its RF output unterminated. Do not operate
WARNING
the BUC without a load or termination attached
to the RF output.

Electromagnetic compatibility

To ensure compliance with the EMC Directive is maintained,
you must:
1 Use standard shielded cables supplied from Codan
(where applicable).
1 Ensure the covers for the equipment are fitted correctly.

If it is necessary to remove the covers at any
CAUTION stage, they must be refitted correctly before
using the equipment.
The dust caps supplied with the Redundancy
Controller 6586 must always be fitted to the
relevant connectors when the connections are
CAUTION not in use. This enables any electrostatic charge
on service personnel or equipment to discharge
safely via the dust cap prior to connecting a
cable to the port.


Compliance

Electrical safety

To ensure compliance with the European Low Voltage
Directive is maintained, you must install the Block Up
Converter 6700/6900 series in accordance with the following
safety precautions. These precautions must be checked before
applying power to the BUC.

For DC-powered BUCs, a protective earth
connection must be connected to the protective
WARNING
earth terminal on the BUC (see page 126, Earth
symbols).
For AC-powered BUCs:
• A protective earth connection must be
included in the mains wiring to the BUC (see
page 126, Earth symbols).
• As these BUCs are intended for permanent
connection to the mains supply, a readily
WARNING accessible switch or circuit breaker must be
incorporated in the mains wiring to enable
easy isolation of the unit.
• The isolating switch must disconnect both
poles simultaneously. However, if you can
positively identify the neutral conductor, you
may have a single-pole isolating device in the
live conductor.

The Redundancy Controller 6586 is intended for permanent
installation and is suitable for Mains Transient Voltages in
Overvoltage Category II (as identified in EN 60950-1 or
AS/NZS 60950-1 Table G.1.).
Touch temperatures at the top of the control panel of the
Redundancy Controller 6586 and the external casing of the
Block Up Converter 6700/6900 series are within allowable
limits of EN 60950-1 and AS/NZS 60950-1, but may become
high, depending on load conditions. The label indicating high
temperature areas is shown in Table 29 on page 125.


Compliance

Hazardous voltages exist behind the control panel of the
Redundancy Controller 6586 and care should be taken by
service personnel when the panel is removed. The label
indicating that hazardous voltages are present is shown in
Table 29.

Table 29: Electrical safety symbols

Symbol Meaning

High touch temperatures may
exist, depending on load
conditions

Hazardous voltages exist
within the unit

A hard-wired permanent protective earth must be connected at
all times to the Redundancy Controller 6586 using the
protective earth terminal provided (see Table 30 on page 126).

Double pole/neutral fusing: For servicing where
the control panel of the Redundancy Controller
WARNING 6586 is removed, disconnect the mains supply
from the redundancy controller by unplugging
the mains supply.

All circuits within the Redundancy Controller 6586 (apart
from AC mains circuits) are earthed SELV circuits, provided
that the protective earth terminal on the redundancy controller
is connected to earth.


Compliance

Earth symbols

Earth connection points are provided on the Block Up
Converter 6700/6900 series. The symbols shown in Table 30
are used to identify the earths on the equipment.

Table 30: Earth symbols

Symbol Meaning

Chassis earth

Protective earth

Warning labels

The labels shown in Table 31 are used to identify potential
hazards on the equipment.

Table 31: Warning labels

Label Meaning

Non-ionising radiation may be emitted

WARNING If you intend to process or recycle this
TERMINATION FOR product refer to the current Material
OUTPUT ISOLATOR
CONTAINS BERYLLIUM Safety Data Sheet


Appendix D—Definitions CODAN

Standards and icons (128)
Acronyms and abbreviations (129)
Units (131)
Unit multipliers (132)
About this issue (133)


Definitions

Standards and icons
The following standards and icons are used in this guide:

This typeface Means...

Bold a LED or a connector

Bold a command that you enter or keyboard key
that you press

Courier a segment of text that is taken directly from
a computer screen

Italics a cross-reference or text requiring emphasis

This icon Means...

1 a step within a task

the text provided next to this icon may be of
NOTE
interest to you

your actions may lead to loss of data,
CAUTION
privacy or signal quality

your actions may cause harm to yourself or
WARNING
the equipment


Definitions

Acronyms and abbreviations

This term Means...

AC alternating current

ASCII American standard code for information
interchange

BUC block up converter

DC direct current

EMC electromagnetic compatibility

ETSI European Telecommunications Standards
Institute

FCC Federal Communications Commission

FLT fault

FSK frequency shift keying

H/W hardware

IF intermediate frequency

INCIRP International Commission on Non-Ionising
Radiation Protection

LED light emitting diode

LNB low noise block down converter

LO local oscillator

M/C monitor and control

MS military standard

O/P output

PA power amplifier

PC personal computer


Definitions

This term Means...

PLD programmable logic device

PWR power

RF radio frequency

RMA return materials authorisation

R&TTE radio and telecommunications terminal
equipment

Rx receive

SELV safety extra low voltage

TDMA time division multiple access

TRF transmit reject filter

Tx transmit

VSAT very small aperture terminal


Definitions

Units

Measurement Unit Abbreviation

Attenuation decibel dB

Current ampere A

Data rate bits per second bps

Frequency hertz Hz

Impedance ohm Ω

Length metre m

Power decibels relative to dBm
1 mW

Power watt W

Temperature degrees Celsius °C

Voltage volt V


Definitions

Unit multipliers
Units are expressed in accordance with ISO
1000:1992 ‘SI units and recommendations for
NOTE
the use of their multiples and of certain other
units’.

Unit Name Multiplier

m milli 0.001

d deci 0.1

k kilo 1000

M mega 1000000

G giga 1000000000


Definitions

About this issue
This is the first issue of the Block Up Converter Systems
6700/6900 series User Guide. This document provides general
information on the range of Codan L-Band BUCs and the
Redundancy Controller 6586. Other information relating to
BUC systems is covered below in Associated documents and
Associated specifications.

Associated documents

These documents include:
• handbooks for various ancillary items used with Codan
BUCs
• type-approval certificates and declarations of conformity
• specifications for equipment
• product price lists and part numbers
• BUC system solutions

Associated specifications

The following specifications associated with the Block Up
Converter 6700/6900 series are available from Codan upon
request:
• 6700/6900 series BUC user serial commands and
responses
• ASCII Protocol
• Codan Packet Protocol
• packet protocols associated with third-party network
management systems


Definitions



Index CODAN

A combined RF waveguide/coaxial switch
installing 45
Auxiliary I/O interface compliance 119
redundancy controller 22, 51, 52 electromagnetic compatibility and safety
relay contacts 51 notices 123
earth symbols 126
B electrical safety 124
electromagnetic compatibility 123
BUC warning labels 126
control 78 European R&TTE Directive 121
disconnecting 107 declaration of conformity 121
fault finding 86 health requirements 122
frequency conversion plans 7 labelling 121
installation 28 protection of radio spectrum 122
introduction 4 connectors 19
LED indicators 59
monitoring 21
overview 7
E
power supply 13 electromagnetic compatibility and safety notices
reverting to single-BUC operation 108 compliance
serial interface 50 earth symbols 126
single 108 electrical safety 124
switching on 58 electromagnetic compatibility 123
system configuration 5 warning labels 126
transmit frequency bands 7 European R&TTE Directive
compliance 121
C declaration of conformity 121
health requirements 122
cables
labelling 121
cable loss specification 32
protection of radio spectrum 122
cable screening specification 33
control 48
DC loop resistance specification 33
F
fault finding 107 fault finding 85
IF coaxial 48
BUC 86
IF levels 34
cables 107
installing inconsistent stream selections 103
control 48
LNB 96
power 47
redundancy controller 107
lengths 33 redundancy switching system 100
power 47
remote controller 109
recommendations for IF coaxial cables 32
RF waveguide switch 101, 103
C-Band technical assistance 84
frequency conversion plan 8 test procedures 97
transmit frequency band 7
CE-certified operation 65, 69, 122

Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide Index-1

Index

faults L
monitoring 21
redundancy controller 101 LED indicators
frequencies description 18
C-Band transmit frequency band 7 on BUC 59
Ku-Band transmit frequency bands 7 on redundancy controller 18
frequency conversion plans 7 operation 76
C-Band 8 LNB
Ku-Band 11 C-Band frequency band 15
FSK interface 38 connecting to the redundancy controller 49
fuse 83 fault finding 96
protection 83 frequency band options 15
interface 29
replacing 102
Ku-Band frequency bands 15
overview 15
H
Help commands 64 M
help 64
maintenance 82
help for Output commands 64
monitor and control interface 40, 62
help for Reset commands 64
help for Set commands 64 mounting
help for View commands 64 redundancy controller 42
hot standby 78
O
I operation
IF coaxial cables initial setup 53
connecting to the BUC 48 single BUC 108
connecting to the modem or other equipment Output commands 72
48 output burst powers command 72
IF levels 34 output power output command 72
inconsistent stream selections
fault finding 103 P
installation 28 power
cables
switch on 53
control 48
power supply
power 47
BUC 13
combined RF waveguide/coaxial switch 45
connection precautions 82
LNB 49
receive RF waveguide switch 44 redundancy controller 21
transmit RF waveguide switch 42
interface R
Auxiliary I/O 22 radiation safety 123

K
Ku-Band
frequency conversion plan 11
transmit frequency bands 7

Index-2 Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide

Index

redundancy controller serial interface 37
Auxiliary I/O interface 22, 51, 52 BUC 50
description 17 commands 63
fault finding 107 Help 64
fault monitoring 21 Output 72
faults 101 Reset 74
LED indicators 18 Set 65
mounting 42 View 73
power supply 21 connecting to the BUC 39
switches 19 control during setup 39
redundancy switching system FSK interface 38
control 17 monitor and control 62
fault finding 100 RS232 interface 37
operating 77 RS485 interface 38
redundancy controller 17 servicing 82
remote controller 16 Set commands 65
setting up 53 set burst mode power threshold command 68
switching off 76 set compensation frequency command 66
switching on 76 set echo command 71
unpacking 28 set local oscillator command 69
relay contacts set on line command 70
Auxiliary I/O interface 51 set packet address command 71
remote controller 16 set packet protocol command 71
connecting 55 set redundant mode command 69
fault finding 109 set serial interface command 70
set transmit attenuator command 67
Reset commands 74
set transmit default command 69
reset command 74
set transmit on command 65
reset latched faults command 74
set transmit power alarm threshold command
reset to default values command 74
67
RF waveguide switch 42, 82
signal switching 17
fault finding 101, 103
stream switching 76
installing
switch on
receive 44
transmit 42 redundancy switching system 53
safety precautions 82 switches
RS232 interface 37 redundancy controller 19
RS422/485 interface 38
T
S technical assistance 84
safety notices test procedures for fault finding 97
radiation safety 123 transmit frequency bands 7
safety precautions
fuse protection 83 U
overcurrent protection 83
unpacking
RF waveguide switch 82
redundancy switching system 28

Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide Index-3

Index

V
View commands 73
example outputs 115
view build standard data 117
view fault status 116
view identity and configuration data 116
view limit data 116
view operational data 115
view protocol data 117
view system status 115
view build standard data command 73
view fault status command 73
view identity and configuration data
command 73
view limit data command 73
view operational data command 73
view protocol data command 73
view system status command 73

W
warm standby 79

Index-4 Block Up Converter Systems 6700/6900 series User Guide

www.codan.com.au
Head Office
Codan Limited
ABN 77 007 590 605
81 Graves Street
Newton SA 5074
AUSTRALIA
Telephone +61 8 8305 0311
Facsimile +61 8 8305 0411
asiasales@codan.com.au

Codan (UK) Ltd
Gostrey House
Union Road
Farnham Surrey GU9 7PT
UNITED KINGDOM
Telephone +44 1252 717 272
Facsimile +44 1252 717 337
uksales@codan.com.au

Codan US, Inc.
8430 Kao Circle
Manassas VA 20110
USA
Telephone +1 703 361 2721
Facsimile +1 703 361 3812
ussales@codan.com.au

BUC BLOCK UP CONVERTER

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