CALICO 2010 Workshop

CALICO 2010 Workshop Annotating pedagogic corpora collaboratively Pascual Pérez-Paredes José M. Alcaraz Universidad de Murcia, Spain NAU, AZ

Workshop Structure Background The SACODEYL- BACKBONE approach at a glance Getting down to annotating (guided process) Backbone Annotator: download and installation Texts and CMT config Guided annotation Annotating (on your own) Results of the annotation

Braun (2005, 2007): pedagogically motivated corpora (a) provide a more systematic range of material than individual texts or scattered collections of activities and, if well-designed, (b) offer a wider range of idiolects than the average material. Braun (2006) : thematic annotation , including topic keys and section titles , are particularly useful in the implementation of pedagogically motivated corpora

Pérez-Paredes & Alcaraz (2009) For the time being, the natural corpus playground continues to be tertiary education. Our proposal: CL in the language classroom. The resulting annotated corpus can be seen as being integrative of language data and annotated pedagogy. The former is the liquid, the latter is the container. The interesting aspect here is that pedagogy can be annotated and, subsequently, accessed by corpus users.

Linguistic analysis of interest in FLT ------> Linguistics comes first -------> DDL materials Concordances and corpus Researcher/Linguist End user The possibilities Scenario (Alcáraz and Pérez-Paredes 2008)

Pedagogical analysis (and annotation) of language corpora ------> Pedagogy comes first -------> Pedagogy-driven DDL Material developer/Teacher/ Learner End user The feasibility Scenario (Alcáraz and Pérez-Paredes 2008)

Default annotation tree has been developed by the teachers & researchers in SACODEYL

What categories does this default category tree contain ? Topics Grammatical Lexical Style CEF Level ….

Multilanguage Supports a real multilingual annotation

What is XML TEI format? TEI  Text Encoding Initiative This is a format for storing corpora Has been promoted by OTA (Oxford Text Archive) Is a continuously growing format (more than 50 versions released yet, currently TEI P5) Is rapidly spreading among the available tools

TEI Tools (Research) TeiPublisher “ This tool is a XML-based repository that allows the publication of TEI corpora to the public community and offers a search tool.” Dexter “ This is other annotator tool that used TEI as the format for the annotated files.”

TEI Tools (Research) Oxygen XML Editor and XMLSpy “ These are XML Editors that allows the modification of the TEI files without any limitation” (These are complex for non-advanced users)

TEI Tools (Research) TAPoR (http://portal.tapor.ca/ ) “ The Text Analysis Portal for Research (TAPoR) is a gateway to tools for sophisticated analysis and retrieval, along with representative texts for experimentation.”

TEI Tools (Research) TokenX http://www.unl.edu/libr/etext/tokenx.shtml “ Is a text visualization, analysis, and play tool” WordHoard http://wordhoard.northwestern.edu/userman/index.html “ Is a tool for annotating or tagging texts by morphological, lexical, prosodic, and narratological criteria and for determining frequency information”

TEI Tools (Research) XAIRA XAIRA (XML Aware Information Retrieval Architecture) is an open source tool for constructing high-quality linguistically- motivated search interfaces to large collections of XML documents.

TEI Tools (Research) CorpusReader http://panini.u-paris10.fr/~sloiseau/CR/ “ Is a tool for extracting subcorpora, KWIC and quantitative information from arbitrarily large corpora in the TEI vocabulary. It intends to provide ways for processing corpora containing milestoned annotation. It provides mechanism for merging several XML documents together”.

TEI Tools (Classroom) A more interesting orientation. How I can use the Annotation in the classroom? Backbone Search Tool www.um.es/backbone

Workshop Structure Background The SACODEYL- BACKBONE approach at a glance Getting down to annotating (guided process) Backbone Annotator: download and installation and CMT config Texts Guided annotation Annotating (on your own) Results of the annotation

Download BACKBONE Annotator + Install + CMT config http://www.um.es/backbone/workshops.html

Workshop Structure Background The SACODEYL- BACKBONE approach at a glance Getting down to annotating (guided process) Backbone Annotator: download and installation and CMT config Download texts Guided annotation Annotating (on your own) Results of the annotation

Download texts to annotate http://www.um.es/backbone/software/calico-transcriptions.zip

How can I add a new document to the current corpus? Add document … Select the text format/encoding Select the new document

What does the text format mean? Mainly 4 text formats are supported: Plain text (written) .txt Oral text in Backbone Transcriptor format Oral text in SACODEYL Transcriptor format XML text in TEI standard format (text in special XML files)

What does the text encoding mean? This is the form in which the text is stored (related to the Multilanguage). (In Windows ANSI by default)

Selecting the text to annotate Select a document and annotate it Open document… Select the document

Information shown in the working document Section Number Applied Categories to this section (Annotations) Speaker (only in oral text ) Transcription

What is a section? Is a stretch of text that is “ whateverly” motivated. A fragment that could be useful in whatever context A section can be established in any kind of text (oral and written) with the insertion of the special char (#) for division of texts into sections.

Intuitive Annotation Process Drag and Drop to Annotate a Section

What is a Keyword? “… [a] keyword is a stretch of language (a word, more than one word or a whole paragraph) that the annotator associates to a category… ” Pérez-Paredes and Alcaraz, ReCALL, 2009 Vol 21. (1)

What are Keywords? BACKBONE Annotator supports the annotation of keywords Just select text and apply a category by right-clicking

Selective View Offers a selective view of the information in order to facilitate the organization.

Section title Drag and Drop the special “Title” category to the desired section. The title is rendered by a tool tip when placing the cursor on the section. (No tool tip = No title)

Extensible annotation Supports customization of the annotation User can add his/her own annotation taxonomy or remove any annotation category

How can I add a new category? Select the parent category. (i.e. Topics) Press Add Cat. Button. Fill in

How can I remove a category? Select the category to remove (i.e. Topic) Be careful … All the associated children will be removed also All the annotation with the tags will be removed also Press Delete Cat. Button.

How can I reorder the categories? Select the category to reorder (i.e. Topic) Press Up Cat or Down Cat. to move it.

How can I customize a category? Select the category to customize (i.e. Topic) Press double click

What if I find mistakes? Supports edition of the inserted texts. Uses XML TEI standard for encoding corpora.

Integration Backbone Annotator is integrated with Backbone Transcriptor Backbone CMT Backbone Search SACODEYL VRP

Resource Management Offers enrichment of text with external resources i.e. html links, videos, audios, etc.

Where is the information stored? Remember: All the information is store in one file. The corpus file which you have created.

Make your corpus collaborative

Annotation Aim Why are you annotating? What is the purpose of your annotation? What use are you giving to your annotation? We assume you are annotating a text for your own students’ language learning purposes

Navigating your annotation http:// 148.85.228.159 :8088/CMTWebService/CMTWebService?wsdl http://148.85.228.159:8088/search-tool http:// myIP :8088/search-tool/ http://myIP:8088/search-tool/corpusUpdate.jsp

Discussion and debate Pedagogical annotation vs. Morphological tagging paradigm Learner-centered vs. Researcher-oriented Indirect applications of language corpora vs. Direct applications Constraints of traditional CL in the languagge classroom

Discussion and debate Cognitive demands of traditional CL in the language classroom: learner as a reseacher and as a traveller Is CL an extra hassle in language classrooms? (Mauranen 2004) Customization of language corpus/collection of texts Mediation role of corpus-based resources in the FLT classroom Authenticity issues (Widdowson)

References and further reading Braun, S. 2005. “From pedagogically relevant corpora to authentic language learning contents”, ReCALL 17/1:47-64. Braun, S. 2006. “ELISA - a pedagogically enriched corpus for language learning purposes”. In Corpus Technology and Language Pedagogy: New Resources, New Tools, New Methods , Frankfurt M: Peter Lang. (eds) 25-47. Braun, S. 2007. “Integrating corpus work into secondary education: from data-driven learning to needs-driven corpora”. ReCALL 19/3: 307-328. Mauranen, A. 2004.” Spoken - general: Spoken corpus for an ordinary learner”. In How to Use Corpora in Language Teaching , Sinclair, J. McH. (Ed), 89–105. Pérez-Paredes, P. and Alcaraz, J.M. 2009. “Developing annotation solutions for online data-driven learning”. ReCALL,21,1, . Römer, Ute. (2008). “Corpora and Language Teaching”. In Corpus Linguistics. An International Handbook , Lüdeling, Anke & Merja Kytö (eds.). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Widdowson, H.G . 2003. Defining issues in English Language Teaching . Oxford: Oxford University Press.

CALICO 2010 Workshop

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