Cell structure and function2012 2013
- 1. Cell Theory Standard Essential Questions SB1: cell structure and How is the function organization/function of a. Explain the role of cell organelles in a cell similar organelles for both to the prokaryotic and organization/function of eukaryotic cells; including departments in an the cell membrane, in industry? maintaining homeostasis and cell reproduction
- 2. Cell Theory The major principles of cell theory are: • All organisms are made of cells • All existing cells are produced by other living cells • The cell is the most basic unit of life
- 3. Cell Theory Cells can be separated into two broad categories based on their internal structures: o Prokaryotic: does not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles. DNA is in cytoplasm o Eukaryotic: have a nucleus and other membrane- bound organelles. Have a nucleus
- 4. Cell Theory • Cells have membranes that are filled with cytoplasm. • Cytoplasm is a jellylike substance that contains dissolved molecular building blocks, such as proteins, nucleic acids, minerals, and ions.
- 5. Cell Theory • In eukaryotic cells there are organelles, which are structures specialized to perform distinct processes • Organelles are surrounded by membranes • An example of an organelle is a nucleus
- 8. Essential Question Review • How do prokayrotic and eukaryotic cells differ?
- 9. Cell Organelles • Like our bodies, eukaryotic cells are highly organized structures.
- 10. Cell Organelles • Each eukaryotic cell has a cytoskeleton • Cytoskeletons are a network of proteins that form long threads, or fibers that crisscross the entire cell • There are 3 main types of fibers that make up the cytoskeleton
- 11. Cell Organelles Cytoskeleton fibers – Microtubules: give the cell its shape – Is the track for organelle movement • Intermediate filaments – Give the cell its strength • Microfilaments – Tiny threads that enable cells to move and divide