Estimation of Cost Analysis for 4 Kw Grids Connected Solar Photovoltiac Plant

International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER)
www.ijmer.com Vol.2, Issue.6, Nov-Dec. 2012 pp-4292-4294 ISSN: 2249-6645

Estimation of Cost Analysis for 4 Kw Grids Connected Solar
Photovoltiac Plant
Rohit Pandey1, Dr. M.K.Gaur2, Dr. C.S.Malvi3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science Gwalior (M.P.) 474005, INDIA

ABSTRACT: The depletion of fossil fuel resources on a Equipment specifications were provided based on the
worldwide basis has necessitated an urgent search for system developed and finally cost analysis was also carried
alternative energy sources to meet up the present day out.
demands. Solar energy being a clean, inexhaustible and A.S. Elhodeiby et.al (2011) [2] presented a
environment-friendly potential resource among all performance analysis of 3.6 kW Rooftop grid connected
renewable energy options. But in the present scenario, solar photovoltaic system in Egypt. The system was
there is a need of continuous supply of energy, which monitored for one year and all the electricity generated was
cannot be full filled by alone wind energy system or solar fed into the 220 V, 50 Hz low voltage grid to the consumer.
photovoltaic system due to seasonal and periodic D.Picault et.al (2009) [3] presented an over view of current
variations. Therefore, in order to satisfy the load demand architectures used in grid connected systems, five key
the combination of solar and conventional conversion units points for comparison based on topology upgradeability,
are now being implemented as a Grid connected energy performance under shaded conditions, degraded mode
systems. The objective of this work is to estimate the cost operation, investment costs and ancillary service
analysis for 4 KW grid connected solar photovoltaic plant participation. The proposed method can be adapted to the
and developed a system based on the potential estimations user’s particular needs and expectations of the photovoltaic
made for a chosen area of 50m². The specifications of plant. These evaluation guidelines may assist grid-tied PV
equipment are provided based on the availability of the system users to choose the most convenient topology for
component in India. Annual energy generation by proposed their application by weighting the evaluation criteria Phil
Grid connected SPV power plant is calculated. Bolduc et.al [4] presented a paper about performance of a
grid –connected PV system with energy storage. One
KEYWORDS: Solar energy, Grid connected SPV system. kilowatt amorphous photovoltaic system has been operated
in a grid-connected mode with energy storage. The purpose
I. INTRODUCTION of the system development and performance experiment is
Photovoltaic’s offer consumers the ability to to investigate the additional value a gridconnected system
generate electricity in a clean, quiet and reliable way. garners with dispatchable battery energy storage. These
Photovoltaic systems are comprised of photovoltaic cells, values are then weighed against the added cost of the
devices that converted light energy directly into electricity. system and inefficiencies incurred in the charging and
It is anticipated that photovoltaic systems will experience discharging of the battery.
an enormous increase in the decades to come. However, a R. Ramkumar et.al (1993) [5] presented a paper of
successful integration of solar energy technologies into the photovoltaic systems including a discussion of major U.S.
existing energy structure depends also on a detailed and international activities. After a brief review of system
knowledge of the solar resource. But to note it is essential types and output characteristics, various system
to state the amount of literature on solar energy, the solar configurations were discussed and a classification based on
energy system and PV grid connected system is enormous. photovoltaic (PV) system rating was provided. Modeling,
Grid interconnection of photovoltaic (PV) power generation design, and economic Considerations were briefly
system has the advantage of more effective utilization of discussed. The worldwide status of PV system technology
generated power. However, the technical requirements from was discussed with a view to making an assessment of the
both the utility power system grid side and the PV system future. The assessment presented includes some specific
side need to be satisfied to ensure the safety of the PV areas for further research and development.
installer and the reliability of the utility grid. For this Eduardo Románet.al (2006) [6] presented a
survey we have gone through different books, journals and performance of a grid connected PV system with energy
papers to get its keen knowledge. storage. three kilo watt amorphous photovoltaic system has
been operated in a grid-connected mode with energy
II. LITERATURE REVIEW storage. The purpose of the system development and
Souvik Ganguli et.al (2009) [1] presented a performance experiment is to investigate the additional
Estimation of Grid Quality Solar Photovoltaic Power value a grid connected system garners with dispatch able
Generation Potential and its Cost Analysis in Some battery energy storage. These values are then weighed
Districts of West Bengal. The objective of their work was against the added cost of the system and inefficiencies
to estimate the potential of grid quality solar photovoltaic incurred in the charging and discharging of the battery.
power in some districts of West Bengal (Birbhum, Evert Nieuwlaar (1997) [7] presented an over view of
Burdwan, Hooghly, Howrah and Kolkata), study the solar current power generation used in grid connected
radiation level and potential of the above mentioned systems, the points for comparison based on, performance
districts and finally develop a system corresponding to the under shaded conditions, degraded mode operation,
potential. investment costs and ancillary service participation. The

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proposed method can be adapted to the user’s particular
needs and expectations of the photovoltaic plant. These
evaluation guidelines may assist grid-tied PV system users
to choose the most convenient topology for their application
by weighting the evaluation criteria.
Kosuke Kurokawa et.al (2002) [8] presented paper
about the cost analysis of very large scale PV system on the
world desert. a 100 MW very large scale photovoltaic
power generation (VLS-PV) system was estimated
assuming that it is installed on the would deserts, which are
Sahara, Negev, Sonora, Great Sandy and Gobi desert. PV
array was dimensioned in detail in terms of array layout,
support, foundation, wiring and so on.

III. METHODOLOGY
To find out the cost analysis for 4 KW grid
connected solar PV plant in India, the solar radiation over
Graph 2
different months measured. Then the diurnal variations,
average monthly output are find out and related graphs are
plot for showing the variation. We started our project work
from January month. So we measured value of solar
radiation from January to April month after that we
calculated the diurnal variations, average monthly output
for four months (Jan 2012 to April 2012). Thus from these
data we can estimate the rating of solar PV power plant for
Indore. For estimation of solar potential we need reading of
solar radiation for our site. For the better understanding of
the methodology, the measured radiation data sheet of
Indore district for the month of April 2012 has been given
as a sample. The diurnal variation for four months are
plotted. From that the monthly output are calculated. Input
solar radiation means how much amount of solar radiation
is coming from sun and Output solar radiation means how
much amount of solar radiation we can utilize to generate
electricity which is depends upon the efficiency of the PV
module. For calculating the output the efficiency of the PV
Graph 3
module is taken as 13.2%. Chosen area for the estimated
plant capacity is considered as 50 m².

3.1 Graphs for Diurnal Variations (Jan 2012 to April
2012)
Graph is plotted between average solar radiation
available in Watts/mtr² and different time interval of day for
different months.

Graph 4

IV. TOTAL POTENTIAL
Here the average yearly energy output is calculated by
multiplying average monthly energy output with total
number of month12. The daily energy output also
calculated for various months shown in 2nd coulomb.
Monthly energy output is calculated by multiplying the
Graph 1

number of days of month with the daily energy output Cost estimate for Inverter (20 × 10000) Rs. 200000.
shown in 3rd coulomb for various months. Kilowatt-Hour Subtotal: Rs.1290000.
(kWh) means 1,000 thousand watts acting over a period of
1 hour. The kWh is a unit of energy. 1 kWh=3600kJ. D. Multiply the subtotal above by 0.2 (20%) to cover
balance of system costs (wire,
4.1 Graph for Daily & Monthly Energy Potentials fuses, switches, etc.).
(Watt/ mtr²-hr) Cost Estimate for Balance of System: (1290000 × 0.2) Rs.
258000.
Total Estimated PV System Cost is Rs.1548000.

VI. CONCLUSION
The design described is based on the potential measured.
System sizing and specifications are provided based on the
design made. Finally, cost analysis is carried out for the
proposed design. Total Estimated PV System Cost is
Rs1548000.The methodology adopted seems satisfactory
for determining the possible plant capacity for an arbitrarily
chosen area.

VII. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors would like to thank MPUVN Limited for
providing data’s to estimate the Grid connected solar
photovoltaic system & also thank to experts for providing
Graph 5,6 valuable guidance.

REFERENCES
1. Souvik Ganguli and Sunanda Sinha, “A Study and
Estimation of Grid Quality Solar Photovoltaic Power
Generation Potential in some districts of West Bengal
Patiala, Page(s): 522-528, 29-30th Oct., 2009.
2. A.S. Elhodeiby, H.M.B. Metwally and M.A. Farahat,
“Performance analysis of 3.6KW Rooftop grid
connected photovoltaic system Egypt. International
Conference on
Energy Systems and Technologies (ICEST 2011) 11-
14 March 2011, Cairo, Egypt.
3. D. Picault, B. Raison, and S. Bacha, “Guidelines for
evaluating grid connected PV system topologies”.
IEEE International Conference on Industrial
Technology. Page(s): pp. 1-5, 2009.
V. COST ANALYSIS FOR 4 KW GRID 4. Phil Bolduc, David Lehmicke & Joseph Smith,
CONNECTED SOLAR PV “Performance of a grid connected PV system with
VI. PLANT energy storage”. IEEE Photovoltaic. Page(s): 1159 –
A. Cost of Solar panels: - we use the BP 5128 most 1162, 1993.
powerful module manufactured by BP Solar [34], cost of 5. R. Ramkumar & J. E. Bigger, “Photovoltaic
solar panel is Rs.140 per watt. So cost of 150 watt panel is Systems”. Proceedings of IEEE. Volume: 81, Page(s):
(150 × 140) Rs.21000. 365 – 377, 1993.
We use 40 numbers of panels so Cost estimate for total 6. Eduardo Román, Ricardo Alonso & Pedro Ibañez,
panels used (40 × 21000) “Intelligent PV Module for Grid- Connected PV
Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial
Rs.840000.
electronics, Vol.53.No.4, Page(s): 1066 – 1073,
B. Cost of 3-φ Inverter: - Only one piece of 10.5 - 12 August 2006.
KVA or 10 KW of an inverter 7. Evert Nieuwlaar & Erik Alsema, Environmental
Power Conditioning Unit is used, multiply the size of the aspects of PV power systems”,Report on the IEA
PVPS Task1 Workshop, 25-27 June 1997, Utrecht
inverter by Rs. 25 per rated
watt. TheNetherlands. Report no. 97072, December 1997.
Cost estimate for Inverter (25 × 10000) Rs. 250000. 8. Kosuke Kurokawa, Kazuhiko Kato , Masakazu Ito‟,
Keiichi Komoto, Tetsuo Kichim, & Hiroyuki
Sugihara “The cost analysis of very large scale PV
C. Cost of 3-φ step up Transformer: - Only one piece of
12 KVA or 10 KW of a step up. Transformer is used, system on the
multiply the size of the Transformer by Rs. 20 per rated world desert”. Photovoltaic Specialists IEEE
watt. Conference, Page(s): 1672 – 1675, 2002.


Estimation of Cost Analysis for 4 Kw Grids Connected Solar Photovoltiac Plant

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