Ch03 the matching concept and the adjusting process, intro accounting, 21st edition warren reeve fess eng
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This document discusses the matching concept in accounting, emphasizing its relationship with the accrual basis, which recognizes revenue when earned and expenses when incurred. It outlines the necessity for adjustments at the end of the accounting period, how to journalize these adjustments, and the process of preparing an adjusted trial balance. It also explores vertical analysis to compare financial data, reinforcing the importance of aligning revenues with related expenses in financial statements.
Ch03 the matching concept and the adjusting process, intro accounting, 21st edition warren reeve fess eng
- 1. ChapterChapter 33 The Matching ConceptThe Matching Concept and the Adjusting Processand the Adjusting Process Accounting, 21st Edition Warren Reeve Fess PowerPoint Presentation by Douglas Cloud Professor Emeritus of Accounting Pepperdine University © Copyright 2004 South-Western, a division of Thomson Learning. All rights reserved. Task Force Image Gallery clip art included in this electronic presentation is used with the permission of NVTech Inc.
- 2. Some of the action has been automated, so click the mouse when you see this lightning bolt in the lower right-hand corner of the screen. You can point and click anywhere on the screen. Some of the action has been automated, so click the mouse when you see this lightning bolt in the lower right-hand corner of the screen. You can point and click anywhere on the screen.
- 3. 1. Explain how the matching concept relates to the accrual basis of accounting. 2. Explain why adjustments are necessary and list the characteristics of adjusting entries. 3. Journalize entries for accounts requiring adjustment. 4. Summarize the adjustment process and prepare an adjusted trial balance. 5. Use vertical analysis to compare financial statement items with each other and with industry averages. ObjectivesObjectivesObjectivesObjectives After studying thisAfter studying this chapter, you shouldchapter, you should be able to:be able to: After studying thisAfter studying this chapter, you shouldchapter, you should be able to:be able to:
- 5. TWO METHODS ReportingReporting Revenue and ExpensesRevenue and Expenses Cash Basis of Accounting Accrual Basis of Accounting
- 6. Under the cash basis for the accounting period concept, revenues and expenses are reported in the income statement in the period in which cash is received or paid.
- 7. Under the accrual basis for the accounting period concept, revenues are reported in the income statement in the period in which they are earned.
- 8. Accrual Basis of AccountingAccrual Basis of Accounting Revenue reported when earned Expense reported when incurred Properly matches revenues and expenses in determining net income Requires adjusting entries at end of period Revenue reported when earned Expense reported when incurred Properly matches revenues and expenses in determining net income Requires adjusting entries at end of period
- 9. TheThe matching conceptmatching concept supportssupports reporting revenues and relatedreporting revenues and related expenses in the same period.expenses in the same period. TheThe matching conceptmatching concept supportssupports reporting revenues and relatedreporting revenues and related expenses in the same period.expenses in the same period. 2004 2005 Paid $10,000 for an advertising campaign for a product that will be introduced in 2003. Sold the advertised product.$10,000$10,000 expensed inexpensed in 2005 to match2005 to match revenuesrevenues Paid $10,000 for an advertising campaign for a product that will be introduced in 2005. $10,000$10,000 recorded as anrecorded as an assetasset
- 10. NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Cash 2 065 00 Accounts Receivable 2 220 00 Supplies 2 000 00 Prepaid Insurance 2 400 00 Land 20 000 00 Office Equipment 1 800 00 Accounts Payable 900 00 Unearned Rent 360 00 Chris Clark, Capital 25 000 00 Chris Clark, Drawing 4 000 00 Fees Earned 16 340 00 Wages Expense 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Utilities Expense 985 00 Supplies Expense 800 00 Miscellaneous Expense 455 00 42 600 00 42 600 00 Unadjusted trial balance Unadjusted trial balance
- 11. Cash 2 065 00 Accounts Receivable 2 220 00 Supplies 2 000 00 Prepaid Insurance 2 400 00 Land 20 000 00 Office Equipment 1 800 00 Accounts Payable 900 00 Unearned Rent 360 00 Chris Clark, Capital 25 000 00 Chris Clark, Drawing 4 000 00 Fees Earned 16 340 00 Wages Expense 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Utilities Expense 985 00 Supplies Expense 800 00 Miscellaneous Expense 455 00 42 600 00 42 600 00 NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 AssetsAssets
- 12. Cash 2 065 00 Accounts Receivable 2 220 00 Supplies 2 000 00 Prepaid Insurance 2 400 00 Land 20 000 00 Office Equipment 1 800 00 Accounts Payable 900 00 Unearned Rent 360 00 Chris Clark, Capital 25 000 00 Chris Clark, Drawing 4 000 00 Fees Earned 16 340 00 Wages Expense 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Utilities Expense 985 00 Supplies Expense 800 00 Miscellaneous Expense 455 00 42 600 00 42 600 00 NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 LiabilitiesLiabilities
- 13. Cash 2 065 00 Accounts Receivable 2 220 00 Supplies 2 000 00 Prepaid Insurance 2 400 00 Land 20 000 00 Office Equipment 1 800 00 Accounts Payable 900 00 Unearned Rent 360 00 Chris Clark, Capital 25 000 00 Chris Clark, Drawing 4 000 00 Fees Earned 16 340 00 Wages Expense 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Utilities Expense 985 00 Supplies Expense 800 00 Miscellaneous Expense 455 00 42 600 00 42 600 00 NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Owner’s Equity Owner’s Equity
- 14. Cash 2 065 00 Accounts Receivable 2 220 00 Supplies 2 000 00 Prepaid Insurance 2 400 00 Land 20 000 00 Office Equipment 1 800 00 Accounts Payable 900 00 Unearned Rent 360 00 Chris Clark, Capital 25 000 00 Chris Clark, Drawing 4 000 00 Fees Earned 16 340 00 Wages Expense 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Utilities Expense 985 00 Supplies Expense 800 00 Miscellaneous Expense 455 00 42 600 00 42 600 00 NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 RevenueRevenue
- 15. Cash 2 065 00 Accounts Receivable 2 220 00 Supplies 2 000 00 Prepaid Insurance 2 400 00 Land 20 000 00 Office Equipment 1 800 00 Accounts Payable 900 00 Unearned Rent 360 00 Chris Clark, Capital 25 000 00 Chris Clark, Drawing 4 000 00 Fees Earned 16 340 00 Wages Expense 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Utilities Expense 985 00 Supplies Expense 800 00 Miscellaneous Expense 455 00 42 600 00 42 600 00 NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 ExpensesExpenses
- 16. NetSolutions Chart of Accounts Balance Sheet Income Statement 1. Assets 11 Cash 12 Accounts Receivable 14 Supplies 15 Prepaid Insurance 17 Land 18 Office Equipment 19 Accumulated Depreciation19 Accumulated Depreciation 2. Liabilities 21 Accounts Payable 22 Wages Payable 23 Unearned Rent 3. Owner’s Equity 31 Chris Clark, Capital 32 Chris Clark, Drawing 4. Revenue 41 Fees Earned 42 Rent Revenue 5. Expenses 51 Wages Expense 52 Rent Expense 53 Depreciation Expense 54 Utilities Expense 55 Supplies Expense 56 Insurance Expense 59 Miscellaneous Expense
- 18. NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Cash 2 065 00 Accounts Receivable 2 220 00 Supplies 2 000 00 Prepaid Insurance 2 400 00 Land 20 000 00 Office Equipment 1 800 00 Accounts Payable 900 00 Unearned Rent 360 00 Chris Clark, Capital 25 000 00 Chris Clark, Drawing 4 000 00 Fees Earned 16 340 00 Wages Expense 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Utilities Expense 985 00 Supplies Expense 800 00 Miscellaneous Expense 455 00 42 600 00 42 600 00 Some of these supplies have been used. On December 31, a count reveals that $760 of supplies are on hand. Some of these supplies have been used. On December 31, a count reveals that $760 of supplies are on hand.
- 19. 1 2 3 4 Supplies Expense 1 240 00 Supplies 1 240 00 Supplies (balance on trial balance) $2,000 Supplies on hand, December 31 – 760 Supplies used $1,240 Dec. 31 2005 Dec. 31 1,240 Dec. 31 1,240 55 14 Supplies Bal. 2,000 Supplies Expense Bal. 800 14 55 2,040 760
- 20. Cash 2 065 00 Accounts Receivable 2 220 00 Supplies 2 000 00 Prepaid Insurance 2 400 00 Land 20 000 00 Office Equipment 1 800 00 Accounts Payable 900 00 Unearned Rent 360 00 Chris Clark, Capital 25 000 00 Chris Clark, Drawing 4 000 00 Fees Earned 16 340 00 Wages Expense 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Utilities Expense 985 00 Supplies Expense 800 00 Miscellaneous Expense 455 00 42 600 00 42 600 00 NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 The prepayment for 24 months of insurance does not reflect that December’s insurance has theoretically expired. The prepayment for 24 months of insurance does not reflect that December’s insurance has theoretically expired.
- 21. 4 5 6 7 31 Insurance Expense 100 00 Prepaid Insurance 100 00 Dec. 31 100 Dec. 31 100 56 15 Prepaid Insurance Bal. 2,400 Insurance Expense15 56 2,300 Note: You probably have the idea of how posting flows, so the rest of the slides will omit the arrows. Note: You probably have the idea of how posting flows, so the rest of the slides will omit the arrows.
- 22. Effect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting Adjustment
- 24. NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Cash 2 065 00 Accounts Receivable 2 220 00 Supplies 2 000 00 Prepaid Insurance 2 400 00 Land 20 000 00 Office Equipment 1 800 00 Accounts Payable 900 00 Unearned Rent 360 00 Chris Clark, Capital 25 000 00 Chris Clark, Drawing 4 000 00 Fees Earned 16 340 00 Wages Expense 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Utilities Expense 985 00 Supplies Expense 800 00 Miscellaneous Expense 455 00 42 600 00 42 600 00 Three months’ rent, $360, was received on December 1. As of December 31, only $120 has been earned. Three months’ rent, $360, was received on December 1. As of December 31, only $120 has been earned.
- 25. 7 8 9 10 31 Unearned Rent 120 00 Rent Revenue 120 00 Dec. 31 120 Dec. 31 120 23 42 Unearned Rent Bal. 360 Rent Revenue23 42 240
- 26. Effect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting Adjustment
- 28. NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Cash 2 065 00 Accounts Receivable 2 220 00 Supplies 2 000 00 Prepaid Insurance 2 400 00 Land 20 000 00 Office Equipment 1 800 00 Accounts Payable 900 00 Unearned Rent 360 00 Chris Clark, Capital 25 000 00 Chris Clark, Drawing 4 000 00 Fees Earned 16 340 00 Wages Expense 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Utilities Expense 985 00 Supplies Expense 800 00 Miscellaneous Expense 455 00 42 600 00 42 600 00 25 At the end of December, accrued wages amounted to $250. Currently, Wages Expense is understated and there is no liability shown for these wages. At the end of December, accrued wages amounted to $250. Currently, Wages Expense is understated and there is no liability shown for these wages.
- 29. 10 11 12 13 31 Wages Expense 250 00 Wages Payable 250 00 Dec. 31 250 Dec. 31 250 51 22 Wages Payable Bal. 4,275 Wages Expense22 51
- 30. Effect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting Adjustment
- 32. NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Cash 2 065 00 Accounts Receivable 2 220 00 Supplies 2 000 00 Prepaid Insurance 2 400 00 Land 20 000 00 Office Equipment 1 800 00 Accounts Payable 900 00 Unearned Rent 360 00 Chris Clark, Capital 25 000 00 Chris Clark, Drawing 4 000 00 Fees Earned 16 340 00 Wages Expense 4 275 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Utilities Expense 985 00 Supplies Expense 800 00 Miscellaneous Expense 455 00 42 600 00 42 600 00 NetSolutions provided $500 in services during December for which the customer has not been billed. NetSolutions provided $500 in services during December for which the customer has not been billed. 29
- 33. 13 14 15 16 31 Accounts Receivable 500 00 Fees Earned 500 00 Dec. 31 500Dec. 31 500 12 41 Accounts Receivable Bal. 16,340 Fees Earned12 41 Bal. 2,220 2,720 16,840
- 34. Effect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting Adjustment
- 36. LandLandLandLand Land has an infinite life; therefore, it does not depreciate.
- 37. BuildingBuildingBuildingBuilding A building has a limited life, so it must be depreciated. The contra account used in the adjusting entry is Accumulated Depreciation—Building
- 38. EquipmentEquipmentEquipmentEquipment Because equipment has a limited life, it depreciates. The contra account used is Accumulated Depreciation—Equipment
- 39. NetSolutions estimates theNetSolutions estimates the depreciation on its office equipmentdepreciation on its office equipment to be $50 for the month of December.to be $50 for the month of December. NetSolutions estimates theNetSolutions estimates the depreciation on its office equipmentdepreciation on its office equipment to be $50 for the month of December.to be $50 for the month of December. 16 17 18 19 Accumulated Depreciation— Office Equipment 50 00 Dec. 31 50 19 Depreciation Expense Dec. 31 50 Accumulated Depreciation— Office Equipment 19 53 53Depreciation Expense 50 0031
- 40. NetSolutions’ balance sheet would show the office equipment at cost, less the accumulated depreciation. NetSolutions’ balance sheet would show the office equipment at cost, less the accumulated depreciation. Office equipment $1,800 Less accumulated depreciation 50 $1,750 BookBook valuevalue
- 41. Effect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting AdjustmentEffect of Omitting Adjustment
- 42. Summary of Basic AdjustmentsSummary of Basic AdjustmentsSummary of Basic AdjustmentsSummary of Basic Adjustments
- 43. NetSolutions’ Adjusted Trial Balance for December 31, 2005
- 44. NetSolutions Adjusted Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Cash 2 065 00 Accounts Receivable 2 720 00 Supplies 760 00 Prepaid Insurance 2 300 00 Land 20 000 00 Office Equipment 1 800 00 Accumulated Depreciation 50 00 Accounts Payable 900 00 Wages Payable 250 00 Unearned Rent 240 00 Chris Clark, Capital 25 000 00 Chris Clark, Drawing 4 000 00 Fees Earned 16 840 00 Rent Revenue 120 00 Wages Expense 4 525 00 Rent Expense 1 600 00 Utilities Expense 985 00 41 Continued
- 45. NetSolutions Trial Balance December 31, 2005 Cash 2 065 00 Accounts Receivable 2 720 00 Supplies 760 00 Prepaid Insurance 2 300 00 Land 20 000 00 Office Equipment 1 800 00 Utilities Expense 985 00 Supplies Expense 2 040 00 Insurance Expense 100 00 Miscellaneous Expense 455 00 43 400 00 43 400 00 42
- 47. Fees earned $187,500 $150,000 Operating expenses: Wages expense $60,000 $45,000 Rent expense 15,000 12,000 Utilities expense 12,500 9,000 Supplies expense 2,700 3,000 Miscellaneous exp. 2,300 1,800 Total operating expenses $92,500 $70,800 Net income $95,000 $79,200 Amount Percent Amount Percent 2006 2005 J. Holmes, Attorney-at-Law Income Statements For the Years Ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
- 48. Fees earned $187,500 100.0% $150,000 100.0% Operating expenses: Wages expense $60,000 $45,000 Rent expense 15,000 12,000 Utilities expense 12,500 9,000 Supplies expense 2,700 3,000 Miscellaneous exp. 2,300 1,800 Total operating expenses $92,500 $70,800 Net income $95,000 $79,200 Amount Percent Amount Percent 2006 2005
- 49. Fees earned $187,500 100.0% $150,000 100.0% Operating expenses: Wages expense $60,000 $45,000 Rent expense 15,000 12,000 Utilities expense 12,500 9,000 Supplies expense 2,700 3,000 Miscellaneous exp. 2,300 1,800 Total operating expenses $92,500 $70,800 Net income $95,000 $79,200 2006 2005 Amount Percent Amount Percent $60,000$60,000 $187,500$187,500 $60,000$60,000 $187,500$187,500 32.0% $15,000$15,000 $187,500$187,500 $15,000$15,000 $187,500$187,500 38.0%
- 50. Fees earned $187,500 100.0% $150,000 100.0% Operating expenses: Wages expense $60,000 $45,000 30.0% Rent expense 15,000 12,000 8.0% Utilities expense 12,500 9,000 6.0% Supplies expense 2,700 3,000 2.0% Miscellaneous exp. 2,300 1,800 1.2% Total operating expenses $92,500 $70,800 47.2% Net income $95,000 $79,200 52.8% 6.7% 1.4% 1.2% 49.3% 50.7% 2006 2005 Amount Percent Amount Percent 32.0% 38.0%
- 51. The EndThe End Chapter 3Chapter 3