Chapter 1.ppt 1

SOC 3880 – Criminal
Justice,
Marjie T. Britz, Ph.D.
mbritz@clemson.edu
Criminal Justice
CHAPTER 1
PERSPECTIVES
ON CRIMINAL
JUSTICE

© 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
Summarize the impacts of mass media and politics on people's
perspectives on crime.
Summarize the effects of fear of victimization.
Summarize criminology and the study of criminal justice.
Summarize major events that led to changes in the American
criminal justice system.
Describe the public order (crime control) and individual rights
(due process) perspectives of criminal justice and how the
criminal justice system balances the two.
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES

1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
Describe the structure of the criminal justice system.
Outline the fundamentals of the criminal justice process.
Define terms related to the criminal justice system.
Explain the concept of victimless crimes.
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES

Summarize the impacts of mass
media and politics on people's
perspectives on crime.
Learning Objectives
After this lecture, you should be able to complete the following Learning Outcomes
1.1

Media Perspectives on Crime1.1
Gallup poll
on crime
Criminologists
5

The Political Perspective of Crime1.1
6

1.1 The Political Perspective of Crime
7

Summarize the effects of fear of
victimization.
Learning Objectives
1.2

1.2
Fear of death
due to
homicide is
related to the
lack of
control an
individual has
over homicide
Citizens rank
feeling safe
from
crime ahead of
job satisfaction,
financial
security, and
health
Fear of crime
leads many
people to give
up activities
that they
would
normally
undertake
High levels of
fear can turn
otherwise law-
abiding
citizens
into outlaws
9

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved10
Perspectives of Fear of Crime1.2

1.2
Vigilantism Scapegoating
11

Summarize criminology and the study
of criminal justice.
Learning Objectives
1.3

1.3
There is no society that has not reported problems
with crime and with what to do with offenders, but
there is considerable variation among crime rates in
different societies.
The Universality of Crime
13

Crimes
Criminal
Law
1.3
Criminology
14

Types of Crimes1.3
Felonies Misdemeanorsvs.
15

Crime and Behavior1.3
Criminalization Decriminalizationvs.
16

Summarize major events that led to
changes in the American criminal
justice system.
Learning Objectives
1.4

Origins of the Criminal Justice System1.4
Justice in the
Colonial
Period
The Evolution
of Due
Process
18

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved19
1.4

Describe the public order (crime
control) and individual rights (due
process) perspectives of criminal
justice and how the criminal justice
system balances the two.
Learning Objectives
1.5

Herbert L. Packer Identified Two Models in 1968—
The Crime Control and Due Process Models
Crime ControlDue Process
1.5

Describe the structure of the criminal
justice system.
Learning Objectives
1.6

Police
CourtsCorrections
23
1.6
Criminal Justice System Structure

The Court System1.6
Federal State
24

The Court System1.6
Limited
GeneralAppellate
25

Outline the fundamentals of the
criminal justice process.
Learning Objectives
1.7

Arraignment Trial CorrectionsSentencing
27
1.7
Information/
Indictment
First
Appearance
Booking
Preliminary
Hearing
Criminal Justice Process

The Criminal Justice Filter1.7
28

Define terms related to the criminal
justice system.
Learning Objectives
1.8

Explain the concept of victimless
crimes.
Learning Objectives
1.9

1.9
Offenses in which the "offender"
and the "victim" are the same
individual or in which the behavior is
consensual.
Victimless Crimes
31

1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Much of what we know about crime is shaped by atypical sensational
incidents, because our perceptions of crime and its victims are based
largely on media portrayals. Most of us lack personal experience with
serious crime. Serious crime is relatively rare, so most people's
experience with crime is largely petty thefts and burglaries. These
experiences do not produce the fear and anxiety that hate crimes,
murders, rapes, or other serious crimes create.
Fear of crime leads many people to give up activities that they would
normally undertake, especially activities at night. High levels of fear can
turn otherwise law-abiding citizens into outlaws.
The management of police, courts, and corrections, and the study of the
causes of and treatment for crime.
The history of U.S. criminal law is a history of change. Some acts that were
once against the law later became lawful (e.g., profanity, sale of alcoholic
beverages after Prohibition). Other acts that were once lawful later
became illegal (e.g., possession of slaves, sale of alcoholic beverages
during Prohibition).
CHAPTER SUMMARY

1.5
According to the crime control model, repression of criminal conduct is
the most important function of the criminal justice system. In contrast, the
due process model treats the preservation of individual liberties as the
most important function of the criminal justice system.
The U.S. Criminal Justice system is made up of more than 19,000 police
departments, 17,000 courts, and 6,000 correctional facilities centered
largely in local government. These agencies have in common criminal
law and criminal procedure, which specify the types of acts over which
the system has jurisdiction and the precise way that individual cases are
to be handled.
It is useful to think of the criminal justice process as a filter. The law,
police, courts, and corrections each capture their share of law violators.
The law itself casts the widest filter, reflecting the large number of
behaviors that are illegal. The police arrest some law violators,
depending on priorities, resources, public policies, and other factors.
See 'Key Terms' on page 24.
Victimless crimes are offenses in which the "offender" and the "victim" are
the same individual or in which the behavior is consensual.
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
CHAPTER SUMMARY

Chapter 1.ppt 1

More Related Content

What's hot (18)

Viewers also liked (11)

Similar to Chapter 1.ppt 1 (20)

Chapter 1.ppt 1