Chapter 4 CST110
- 2. Listening Involves the process of listening preparation, receiving, constructing meaning, responding, and remembering
- 3. Listening Listening preparation – listening begins BEFORE communication takes place; this includes all physical, mental, and behavioral aspects
- 4. Listening Receiving – the process of taking in, acquiring, or accepting information Receiving occurs through various senses and happens when sender-receivers as they get cues, signals, etc Important difference that happens at this stage between hearing and listening (listening requires more response)
- 5. Listening Constructing meaning – the process of making sense of cues, signals and impulses; complicated process - brain Selective attention plays a huge part in constructing meaning because you have to choose WHAT to listen to Assigning meaning – deciding what the message means to you and how important it is
- 6. Listening Responding – using spoken or nonverbal language to exchange ideas or convey information Remembering – employ strategies to ensure information is being learned and kept in memory. What strategies have you used?
- 7. Remembering Information All techniques require motivation and dedication Four major techniques: Organization Association (categories and groupings, acronyms, etc) Visualization Repetition See pg 84-5 for note-taking skills
- 8. Listening Styles People – concerned with others’ feelings; respond to emotion Action – you expect organization and concise presentation of information Content – you prefer complex and challenging information; without emotional involvement Time-style – prefer brief and hurried interaction; let other know how much time they have
- 9. Listening Culture impacts how you listen, clarify the information you hear Gender impacts how you listen, clarify the information you hear
- 10. The Difficulty of Listening Your attitude, knowledge of the information being presented, and ability to listen affect listening Setting Judgment / respect Laziness Empathy
- 11. The Difficulty of Listening Cognitive dissonance – this occurs when you have two or more conflicting ideas/feeling to deal with. Example – If you have a meeting with you new boss and have hear he is a jerk but when you meet, he is very nice, you experience cognitive dissonance because wondering about your boss’ personality plays on your mind
- 12. The Difficulty of Listening Anxiety – worry about an upcoming or past event; this may be ALL you are thinking about Control – the desire to have any influence over others; controlling listeners like to talk more than listen. They often do not even notice or ignore nonverbal signs to hurry up/slow down, etc
- 13. The Difficulty of Listening Passiveness – the belief that listening involves no work; they think it is like just being there in body but not necessarily in mind See text good/poor listener
- 14. Different Kinds of Listening Discriminative – You are sensitive to both verbal and nonverbal changes; this is the base for all good listening Comprehension – Understanding all messages; you grasp and assign meaning Appreciative – Listening for pleasure (music, friends, etc)
- 15. Different Kinds of Listening Critical – Make judgments about what is being said (is it truthful? realistic? worthy?) Informative – Your primary goal is to understand (what you do in a class lecture) Emphatic – trying to understand feelings and emotions; often with close friends and family
- 16. Listening Situations Doctor – patient Student – teacher Parent – child Boss – employee What attitudes, judgments, abilities may get in the way of listening??