Chapter 5 Direct Instruction - Chaidir Adam 2018
- 1. DIRECT INSTRUCTION AS A TEACHING STRATEGY Using 2018 CHAIDIR ACD 217 004 Department of Biology Education Postgraduate Program Palangkaraya University
- 2. Some Importants Features of Direct Instruction Lectures Demonstrations Simple forms of direct instruction include TEACHER Centered APPROACH Cognitive Architecture Human Compatible with Kirschner, Sweller & Clark (2006) Focus on academic achievement
- 3. John Hattie’s review shows us that DI has twice the effect size of inquiry- based teaching, four times the effect size as problem- based learning and ten times the effect size of whole language
- 4. have been very popular approaches to teaching for many years But yet they are often CRITICISED Direct Instruction WHY? BoringIf Direct Instruction is implemented poorly, it can be very
- 5. There is a strong reason Why many teachers still use Direct Instruction It gives maximum control over: what when how students learn
- 6. Some Advantages of Direct Instruction Direct instruction can be used to help students achieve many types of learning outcomes Direct instruction can also be used to demonstrate skills to students
- 7. Some Advantages of Direct Instruction Direct instruction can be an efficient way to introduce students to a new area of study by giving them a broad overview that defines key concepts and shows how they are interrelated. This helps students to develop the foundation knowledge that they need for later learning
- 8. Some Advantages of Direct Instruction Direct instruction allows you to highlight important points
- 9. Some Advantages of Direct Instruction Direct instruction can be equally effective with large and small classes and with students from most cultures. Large Class Small Class
- 10. Some Advantages of Direct Instruction Direct instruction is one of the most effective approaches for teaching explicit concepts and skills to low-achieving students (Berliner, 1982; Ross & Kyle, 1987)
- 11. Some Advantages of Direct Instruction Lectures can be a useful way to provide information for students who are poor readers or who are not very skilled at locating, organizing and interpreting information.
- 12. Some Advantages of Direct Instruction Generally, direct instruction allows you to create a non-threatening learning environment for students. Those who are shy, not confident or not knowledgeable are not forced to participate and become embarrassed.
- 13. Some Limitations of Direct Instruction Direct instruction is not always the most effective way to help students to learn. Because of teacher’s central role in direct instruction, success of this strategy depends heavily on what I have reffered to as the ‘image’ that the teacher projects (Killen, 1990) If the teacher does not appear to be well prepared, knowledgeable, confident, enthusiastic and well organized, the students will become bored or distracted and their learning will be hindered
- 14. Direct instruction relies heavily on students being able to assimilate information through listening, observing and note taking. Students who are not very good at these skills will find it difficult to learn from direct instruction. Some Limitations of Direct Instruction
- 15. It is very difficult to cater for the individual differences between students’ abilities, prior knowledge, interest in the subject, rates of learning, levels of understanding or learning styles during direct instruction. Some Limitations of Direct Instruction
- 16. There is some research evidence that the high level of structure and teacher control that is characteristic of direct instruction may have negative impact on students’ problem solving abilities, independence and curiosity (Ross & Kyle, 1987). Some Limitations of Direct Instruction
- 17. If direct instruction does not involve some students participation (such as asking and answering questions), their interest will be lost after 10-15 minutes, and they will remember little of the content. Some Limitations of Direct Instruction
- 18. if used too frequently, direct instruction can lead students to believe that it is the teacher’s job to tell them all they need to know. Some Limitations of Direct Instruction I have all the things that you need to know
- 19. Because direct instruction involves a lot of one-way communication, they may be limited opportunities to gain feedback about student understanding. The teacher may not be aware that some students have developed misconceptions. Some Limitations of Direct Instruction
- 20. Planning and Implementing Direct Instruction Writing lesson outcomes Selecting lesson content Organizing the lesson content Preparing lesson notes Helping students to master the language of your subject Helping students to take notes Checking learner understanding 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
- 21. Determining Whether Your Direct Instruction Was Effective EVALUATE YOUR TEACHING Gather some evidence Evidence The outcomes they can demonstrate Their scores on quizzes Their answers to questions in class And so on Decide whether you should be satisfied with the results of your instruction
- 22. DISCUSSION ANY QUESTIONS? Thank You 2018 CHAIDIR ADAM ACD 217 004 Department of Biology Education Postgraduate Program Palangkaraya University