Chess rules for beginners part 3

PAWN PROMOTION
Source: chess-teacher.com/chess-rules
10

PAWN PROMOTION
Whenever a pawn (black or white) reaches the last rank,
it can promote into a queen, rook, bishop, or knight. We
can see that for white the last rank is the 8th rank, and
for black it is the 1st rank.

CHECK AND CHECKMATE
11

CHECK AND CHECKMATE
What is a check? Check is when a piece is
threatening to capture the opposing king. The
player who is in check must remove their king out
of check in their next move.
There are three ways to get out of check.

1. CAPTURING THE PIECE THAT IS GIVING CHECK

2. MOVING THE KING AWAY FROM CHECK

3. BLOCKING THE PIECE GIVING CHECK

IN HOW MANY WAYS CAN BLACK GET OUT OF
CHECK?
Look at the following position and try to find all the ways
in which black can get out of check. After you think you
have found all of them, move to the next slide to see the
solution.

SOLUTION
Black has 6 ways in which he can get out of check:
• The king can move to a7 or a8
• The rook can move to c7
• The queen can move to c7 or d6
• The knight can jump to e5.

CHECKMATE
What happens when a player can’t get out of check? In
other words, what if there is no legal move that allows a
player to remove himself from check? When this
happens, it is considered checkmate and the player who
is checkmated loses the game.
As we can see, there is no way for black to get out of
check. This means black is checkmate and white wins the
game.

DRAW
12

DRAW
There isn’t always a winner and a loser in chess. There are several reasons why a chess of game may end
in a draw:
1. Both players agree on a draw.
2. Both players have traded enough pieces so that it is impossible for either player to checkmate the
other.
3. Either player can declare a draw if the same position is reached three times.
4. Either player can declare a draw if 50 chess moves (50 white and 50 black) have been made and
not a single pawn move or a piece has been captured.
5. It is one’s player turn to move, and while he is not in check, he does not have any legal moves. This
is called stalemate.

STALEMATE
We can see that white has no legal moves in this
position. We can also see that black has cornered the
king and has an extra queen.
If it was white to move, this position would be drawn. If it
was black to move, black could realize any move to avoid
stalemate and checkmate white in the future.

RELATIVE VALUE OF CHESS PIECES
13

RELATIVE VALUE OF CHESS PIECES
Because every single piece in chess moves differently, they posses different “power”. In chess, each piece
has a different relative value.
The pawn is worth 1 point
The bishop is worth 3 points
The knight is worth 3 points
The rook is worth 5 points
The queen is worth 9 points
Because whoever checkmates (“captures”) the opponent’s king immediately wins the game, it is said
that the king has infinite value.

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