Class01.04
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The document discusses various approaches and methods for teaching English as a second or foreign language (ESL/EFL). It covers major trends in the 20th century such as the grammar translation method, direct method, and audio-lingual method. It also discusses alternative approaches like total physical response, silent way, and community language learning (CLL). CLL was created for adult learners and focuses on overcoming fears through a sense of community, tape-recording conversations, and having students control the "human computer." Trends in the 21st century include communicative language teaching, cooperative language learning, content-based instruction, and task-based instruction.
![Community language learning [CLL] Created specially for adult learners who fear to appear foolish when learning a 2nd language Teacher = a language counselor. He must understand the student and lead him/her to overcome his/her fears. Based on Charles A. Curran [70s] It develops a sense of community within the classroom](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/class0104-1208723542547056-8/85/Class01-04-6-320.jpg)
Class01.04
- 1. Approaches and Methods in ESL/ EFL Instruction
- 2. Points to consider: Nature of Language Teaching Approaches/ Methods Major trends in 20th Century Alternative approaches Trends in the 21st Century
- 3. Nature of language teaching approaches Approaches / Methods differ in the way they see L2 Identical / Similar / Different from L1 learning Currently - provide a native-language learning-like environment and have learning in communicative contexts as main emphasis = communicative competence and performance
- 4. Major trends in 20th Century Grammar translation method The Direct Method The Audio-Lingual Method The Natural Approach
- 5. Alternative approaches Total Physical Response The Silent Way The Community Language Learning
- 6. Community language learning [CLL] Created specially for adult learners who fear to appear foolish when learning a 2nd language Teacher = a language counselor. He must understand the student and lead him/her to overcome his/her fears. Based on Charles A. Curran [70s] It develops a sense of community within the classroom
- 7. CLL - characteristics Tape-recording student conversation Transcription Reflection on experience Reflective listening The human computer - the T is controlled by the students and is required to repeat the words and phrases the students want as many times as they ask. Small group tasks.
- 8. More information on CLL http://members.fortunecity.com/nadabs/communitylearn.html
- 9. 21 century trends Communicative Language Teaching Cooperative Language Learning Content-Based Instruction Task-Based Instruction
- 10. References Richards, J & Rodgers, T. (2001). Approaches and methods in language teaching . Cambridge Language Teaching Library. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.