Cloze test and c test
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1) A cloze test involves removing words from a text at regular intervals and having test takers fill in the blanks, while a C-test removes the second half of every second word. 2) Both aim to test reading comprehension, but C-tests allow for more items from shorter texts and can be scored more objectively. 3) Advantages of C-tests include allowing a representative sample of language elements, being less time-consuming for students than cloze tests, and having objective scoring. Disadvantages include lower face validity and potential focus on vocabulary over comprehension.
Cloze test and c test
- 1. Cloze Test and C- Test Silvira Florencya 090210401061 Tri Wayati 090210401064 Qadrina Lailyn Amrullah 090210401067 Wahyu Arista 090210401090 Dwi Wirastianti Novita S 100210401136
- 2. Cloze Test The Definition of Cloze Test A cloze test involves a piece of text, from which a number of words have been removed. The Cloze Test is intended to measure students’ ability to decode interrupted or mutilated messages by making the most acceptable substitutions from all the contextual clues available. The principle of cloze testing is based on the Gestalt theory of “closure” (closing gaps in patterns subconsciously).
- 3. The Characteristic of Cloze Test Cloze test items consist of words that are deleted from a text after allowing a few sentences of introduction. The deletion rate is mechanically set, usually between every 5th and 8th . Candidates have to fill each gap by supplying the words they think has been deleted (Weir, 1990:46).
- 4. The Varieties of Cloze Test In the fixed-ratio method, every n-th word is indiscriminately deleted. n is its frequency that determines the number of deletions. The interval deletion of cloze test is between 3rd – 11th word. The most widely favoured for deletion: 5th, 6th, and 7th. Variable-ratio method omits only certain kind of words which the constructor thinks of the importance for a certain purposes, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, etc. In modified fixed-ratio method, words are deleted on a regular counting basis, but certain items are skipped. These items include names of persons, places, objects, dates, months etc.
- 5. The Example of Cloze Test Lead in Hidden Treasure Once upon a time, a farmer had three sons. The farmer was rich ……… had many fields. When ……… farmer was dying, he ……… his three sons to ……… . “I have left you ……… which will make you ………”, he told them. “But ……… must dig in all ……… fields to find the De ……… where the treasure was ………”. After the old man ………, his let three lazy sons ……… out into the fields. ……… began to dig. “I’ll ……… de the first to find ……… place where the treasure ……… buried”, cried the eldest ……… . “That’s the field where ……… father put the treasure”, ……… another son. The three ……… dug all the fields ……… several years, but they ……… no treasure. However, many ……… grew in the fields ……… the sons had dug. The vegetables made them very rich.
- 6. The Differences between Cloze Test and Fill In The Blank 1. The appearance of Cloze and completion type or simple blank filling test/fill-in blank test is similar, but they are different. 2. In Cloze test, the deleted words are not deleted subjectively but systematically. Besides, it is over substantial portions of connected discourse (dealing with contextually interrelated series of blanks, not isolated ones). 3. Fill-in blank tests are constructed over single isolated sentences.
- 7. The Scoring Method According to Krachen (1978) there are two methods of scoring the cloze test: •The exact word scoring method in which the completion is counted as correct as long as it is exactly the same as the original word being deleted from the text. •The approximate word scoring method in which the correctness of an item is put on the basis of its suitability to the total surrounding of the text.
- 8. The Advantages of Cloze Test The Disadvantages of Cloze Test 3.Easy to construct and easy to score if the exact-word scoring It is difficult to determine method is applied. whether a certain word is appropriate to the text or not, 2. With the 5th word deletion, so that is takes a long time to a large number of items can be check. taken on a relatively a short text. 3. It is claimed as a valid measure for reading comprehension test.
- 9. C-Test The Definition of C-Test The C-test is an adaptation of the cloze technique that has been developed by Christinee Klein-Braley and Ulrich Raatz in 1983. Weir (1990:49) claims that C-test is based on the same theoretical rationale as cloze. In C-test, “the rule of two” has been applied: the second half of every second word has been deleted, beginning with the second word of the second sentence; the first and last sentences are left intact. To provide a lead-in (to give test takers a chance to become familiar with the author’s style and approach to the subject of the text).
- 10. The Example of C-Test Lead in Once there was a merchant family who owned a dog and a ni___ donkey. One night when t__ owner o_ the ho___ was fa__ a sleep i_ his b__, a th___ broke in___ the ho___ to st___ some o_ the De own___ possessions. Th_ donkey w__ saw th_ thief, wo__ the d__ le ted up a__ said, “H_! Look! Th___ a th___ in t__ house! W__ don’t y__ bark a__ wake t__ master u_? “ Why should I care about our master?” the dog replied.
- 11. The Scoring Method According to Weir (1990:49), only an exact word scoring method is adopted in C-test. Because of the partially deletion of the words, it is rare for the test takers to find more than one answer for each items.
- 12. The Comparison with the Cloze Test The C-test appears to have some advantages over the cloze test: By “damaging” every second word, we can obtain a more representative sample of all the different language elements in the text than in the cloze, where normally only every fifth or sixth word is left out. Many more items can be included in much shorter texts, making the test less time-consuming for the students than the cloze. Unlike the cloze test, scoring is easy and objective. As a rule, students actually like doing C-tests, whereas the cloze test is one of the most frustrating test types for learners.
- 13. The Advantages of C-Test The Disadvantages of C-Test 3.In C-test, a variety of texts 3.The face validity is low are recommended. A short because there are many blanks text can be formed a large spaces. number of items. 5.If the isolated words are 5.The correction of the task difficult, the test takers can be objectively scored as it concentrate their mind in is rare to have more than one guessing the vocabulary answer. instead of comprehending the rading text. 7.The results are encouraging in terms of reliability and validity.