Cmsc 100 (web programming in a nutshell)
- 1. Computer Science 100 Web Programming Web Programming in a Nutshell
- 2. Outline ● The Web ● Short History and Highlights – Beginnings @ CERN – The Browser Wars – The W3C – Web 1.0, Web 2.0 and Web 3.0 ● “Components” of Web Programming
- 3. The World Wide Web ● Aka The Web ● System of interlinked hypertext documents (or hypermedia) contained in the Internet. ● A document in the Web is called a web page. ● Group of related web pages OR a single location in the Internet where web pages can be accessed from is a web site.
- 4. The World Wide Web: Web Pages ● A Web page may contain: – Text – Images – Embedded objects: videos, audio, binaries (i.e. Java applets, Flash) – Tables – Hyperlinks ● By default a web page is a page written using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
- 5. The World Wide Web: CERN ● The Birthplace of the Web ● Organisation Européenne pour la Recherche Nucléaire (French) ● European Organization for Nuclear Research
- 6. The World Wide Web ● Tim Berners-Lee, English physicist, creator of the World Wide Web (1989) – First web server – First browser (WorldWideWeb) – Director of the W3C ● Read: http://www.w3.org/History/1989/ proposal.html – The original proposal for the WWW.
- 7. WWW Timeline ● 1989 The World Wide Web begins at CERN. ● 1990 Web server and web browser created. ● Aug 6, 1991 Marked as the day the Web became a publicly available service. ● 1993 NCSA releases Mosaic a multiplatform web browser precursor to Netscape Navigator. Other browsers also released. – June 1993 – Stylesheets proposed for HTML – October 1993 CERN announces WWW would be free. ● 1994 Netscape Navigator, Opera browsers released. ● 1995 Internet Explorer released – Javascript integrated. – The First Browser War starts!
- 8. The Browser Wars ● Metaphorical war, fight for market dominance of the popular web browsers. ● The war in short: – 1st Browser War: IE wins over Netscape* – 2nd Browser War: Netscape releases source code (Firefox) – 2008-Present : Google etc., joins the fray.
- 9. The Browser Wars ● Competition is always good. ● Better browsers. – Web browsers are the web programmer's application user interface platforms. ● Negative side effects of the 1st Browser War – Each contender came out with their own “HTML tags” leading to the non-standardization of HTML.
- 10. The W3C ● The World Wide Web Consortium ● Founded October, 1994 ● Headed by Tim Berners-Lee ● Develop standards for the Web ● http://www.w3.org/
- 11. Other Highlights: The DotCom Bubble: Boom and Burst ● From 1995 to 2001 ● Marked by the increase in Internet users (thanks to the web). ● Increase in “Internet startups” (refered to as dot coms) offering services through the Internet (Web). ● Triggered a mild economic repression in 2000.
- 12. Other Highlights: Web 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 ● Web 2.0: – This “versioning” of the web is unofficial. – Associated with web applications which facilitate interactive information sharing, interoperability, user-centered design and collaboration. – Popularized in 2004 by Tim O'Reilly – Coined in 1999 by Darcy DiNucci in an article. – Allows users to run “software applications” via the web browser. ● Web 1.0 – Had to be coined because of the above. ● Web 3.0 Semantic Web – Advanced application of the WWW.
- 13. Your Assignment: ● What are WEB APPLICATIONS? – List down web applications that you use/have used/will use and their types. (at least 5) – What do you need to create a web application? – How is a web application different from a desktop application? Email your answers to uplbcmscexercises@gmail.com on or before Tuesday, November 22, 2011, 12:00 am. Use “CMSC 100 Web App Assign” as the subject of your email.