code of ethics.pdf
- 1. INTRODUCTION • Nurses are responsible to provide their clients/patients with the high- quality care. They are undoubtedly confronted with various ethical challenges in their professional practice, so they should be familiar with ethical codes of conduct and the essentials of ethical decision making. • The codes of ethics have been adopted for many professions in recent decades. In nursing, as one the most-trusted professions, the ethical codes have been also published by nearly every recognized professional group worldwide. The first international code of ethics for nurses was adopted by the International Council of Nurses (ICN) in 1953 . The two codes prepared by American Nurses Association (ANA) and Canadian Nurse Association (CAN) are the examples of national codes of ethics for nurses. The codes outline how the nurses should behave ethically as a profession, and how they should decide when encounter barriers preventing them from fulfilling their professional obligations. The codes can also support nurses in their practice and reduce their moral distress.
- 2. DEFINITIONS OF NURSING • Nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health policy and in patient and health systems management, and education are also key nursing roles. (ICN, 2002) • Nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings. It includes the promotion of health, the prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled and dying people. -W.H.O
- 3. The most important principles that should be considered in nursing profession are: • Respecting the patient/client and preserving human dignity • Altruism and sympathy • Devotion to professional obligations • Accountability, responsibility and conscience • Justice in services • Commitment to honesty and loyalty • Maintaining patient’s privacy, and commitment to confidentiality, and trust • Continuous improvement of scientific and practical competence • Promote the awareness of professional rules and ethical guidelines, and respecting them • Mutual respect and appropriate communication with other health care providers • Respecting autonomy of the patient/client • Compassion and kindness
- 4. Code of Ethics for Nurses in India • 1.The nurse respects the uniqueness of individual in provision of care - Nurse • 1.1 Provides care of individuals without consideration of caste, creed, religion, culture, ethnicity, gender, socio-economic and political status, personal attributes, or any other grounds • 1.2 Individualizes the care considering the beliefs, values and cultural sensitivities • 1.3 Appreciates the place of individual in the family and community and facilitates participation of significant others in the care. • 1.4 Develops and promotes trustful relationship with individual(s) 1.5 Recognizes uniqueness of response of individuals to interventions and adapts accordingly
- 5. 2. The nurse respects the rights of individuals as partner in care and help in making informed choices – Nurse 2.1 Appreciates individual’s right to make decisions about their care and therefore gives adequate and accurate information for enabling them to make informed choices 2.2 Respects the decisions made by individual(s) regarding their care 2.3 Protects public from misinformation and misinterpretations 2.4 Advocates special provision to protect vulnerable individuals/groups.
- 6. 3. The nurse respects individual’s right to privacy, maintains confidentiality, and shares information judiciously- Nurse 3.1 Respects the individual’s right to privacy of their personal information 3.2 Maintains confidentiality of privileged information except in life threatening situations and uses discretion in sharing information. 3.3 Takes informed consent and maintains anonymity when information is required for quality assurance/ academic/legal reasons 3.4 Limits the access to all personal records written and computerized to authorized persons only.
- 7. • 4. Nurse maintains competence in order to render Quality Nursing Care • 4.1 Nursing care must be provided only by registered nurse • 4.2 Nurse strives to maintain quality nursing care and upholds the standards of care • 4.3 Nurse values continuing education, initiates and utilizes all opportunities for self development. • 4.4 Nurses values research as a means of development of nursing profession and participates in nursing research adhering to ethical principles.
- 8. • 5. The nurse if obliged to practice within the framework of ethical, professional and legal boundaries- Nurse • 5.1 Adheres to code of ethics and code of professional conduct for nurses in India developed by Indian Nursing Council • 5.2 Familiarizes with relevant laws and practices in accordance with the law of the state
- 9. • 6. Nurse is obliged to work harmoniously with members of the health team - Nurse • 6.1 Appreciates the team efforts in rendering care • 6.2 Cooperates, coordinates and collaborates with members of the health team to meet the needs of people
- 10. • 7. Nurse commits to reciprocate the trust invested in nursing profession by society Nurse • 7.1 Demonstrates personal etiquettes in all dealings • 7.2Demonstrates professional attributes in all dealings
- 11. CODE OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT FOR NURSES IN INDIA • 1. Professional Responsibility and accountability - Nurse • 1.1 Appreciates sense of self-worth and nurtures it • 1.2 Maintains standards of personal conduct reflecting credit upon the profession • 1.3 Carries out responsibilities within the framework of the professional boundaries • 1.4 Is accountable for maintaining practice standards set by Indian Nursing Council • 1.5 Is accountable for own decisions and actions • 1.6 Is compassionate • 1.7 Is responsible for continuous improvement of current practices 1.8 Provides adequate information to individuals that allows them informed choices • 1.9 Practices healthful behavior.
- 12. 2. NURSING PRACTICE -Nurse • 2.1 Provides care in accordance with set standards of practice • 2.2 Treats all individuals and families with human dignity in providing physical, psychological, emotional, social and spiritual aspects of care • 2.3 Respects individuals and families in the context of traditional and cultural practices, promoting healthy practices and discouraging harmful practices • 2.4 Presents realistic picture truthfully in all situations for facilitating autonomous decision-making by individuals and families • 2.5 Promotes participation of individuals and significant others in the care • 2.6 Ensures safe practice • 2.7 Consults, coordinates, collaborates and follows up appropriately when individuals’ care needs exceed the nurse’s competence
- 13. 3. Communication and Interpersonal Relationships -Nurse • 3.1 Establishes and maintains effective interpersonal relationships with individuals, families and communities • 3.2 Upholds the dignity of team members and maintains effective interpersonal relationship with them • 3.3 Appreciates and nurtures professional role of team members • 3.4 Cooperates with other health professional to meet the needs of the individuals, families and communities
- 14. 4. Valuing Human Being - Nurse • 4.1 Takes appropriate action to protect individuals from harmful unethical practice • 4.2 Considers relevant facts while taking conscience decisions in the best interest of individuals • 4.3 Encourages and supports individuals in their right to speak for themselves on issues affecting their health and welfare • 4.4 Respects and supports choices made by individuals
- 15. 5. Management - Nurse • 5.1 Ensures appropriate allocation and utilization of available resources • 5.2 Participates in supervision and education of students and other formal care providers • 5.3 Uses judgment in relation to individual competence while accepting and delegating responsibility • 5.4 Facilitates conductive work culture in order to achieve institutional objectives • 5.5 Communicates effectively following appropriate channels of communication • 5.6 Participates in performance appraisal • 5.7 Participates in evaluation of nursing services • 5.8 Participates in policy decisions, following the principle of equity and accessibility of services • 5.9 Works with individuals to identify their needs and sensitizes policy makers and funding agencies for resource allocation
- 16. 6. Professional Advancement -Nurse • 6.1Ensures the protection of the human rights while pursuing the advancement of knowledge 6.2 Contributes to the development of nursing practice • 6.3 Participates in determining and implementing quality care • 6.4Takes responsibility for updating own knowledge and competencies • 6.5 Contributes to core of professional knowledge by conducting and participating in research
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