Code_of_ethics.ppt

CODE OF ETHICS
AND
PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT
DR. K. REDDEMMA
Nodal Officer
St.Johns College of Nursing
Bangalore

Introduction
The code of professional conduct for nurses is
critical for building professionalism and
accountability. Ethical considerations are vital in
any area dealing with human beings because
they represent values, rights and relationships.
The nurse must have professional competence,
responsibility and accountability with moral
obligations. Nurse is obliged to provide services
even if it is in conflict with her/his personal
beliefs and values.

Purpose
• The purpose of professional conduct is to inform
both the nurse and the society of minimum
standard for professional conduct. It provides
regulatory bodies a basis for decisions regarding
standards of professional conduct.
• The code of ethics helps to protect the rights
of individuals, families and community and also
the rights of the Nurse.

The Use of the Code
• Acknowledges the rightful place of individuals in
health care delivery system
• Contributes towards empowerment of individuals
to become responsible for their health and well-
being

The Use of the Code
• Contributes to quality care
• Identifies obligations in practice, research
and relationship
• Informs the individuals, families,
community and other professionals about
expectations of a nurse

ETHICS IN NURSING
PRACTICE
“Ethics in a reflective or theoretical
business” It aims in the first instance at
understanding rather than decision. It
steps back from the immediate practical
and attempts to discover some underlying
pattern or order in the immense variety of
moral decisions and practice both
individuals and societies”.

Need for health professionals
to study ethics
• In their day to day work they have to deal
with problems which are of a moral or
ethical nature.
• Advances in medical knowledge and
technology have opened up possibilities
which only 50 years ago were almost not
thought of. Eg. Organ transplants,
aminiosynthesis, invitrofertilization,
genetic engineering and criogenics – all of
these raise ethical questions.

Need for health professionals
to study ethics
• Changes in the world in the health care
and nursing care is undertaken Eg. shift
from general agreement about moral
values to what we now call moral
pluralism.
• Nature of health care itself- work for
health is a moral endeavour.

Distinctive nature of Nursing
Ethics
• “The health and life of my patient will be
my first consideration”
• Trends in the evolution of Nursing as a practice
discipline are undoubtedly linked with
philosophical perspectives on nursing practice
and theory. Formal development of a body of
nursing knowledge and theoretical exposition
therein could hardly proceed without some
degree of coherence in values and beliefs
concerning the nature of nursing what it is and
what it could or should be. Nurse should be a
patient advocate . Nurse-doctor relationship –
autonomy.

• “Applying ethical principles which build on
the idea of democracy makes no sense in
countries that do not have political
tradition that supports the respecting
patients’ rights. Similarly individualism
may often be inappropriate in a country
where the concept of individual rights
does not exist because each person must
always act in the interest of the larger
group”.

• Euthanasia “painless killing of men and
women to end their sufferings or mercy
killing”
• The unborn child
• -Abortion
• -Artificial insemination
• -Invitrofertilization
• -Embryo research
• -Surrogate motherhood.
• When does human life being ?

• Right to treatment
• Right to refuse treatment
• Confidentiality
• Nurse patient relationship is built on trust.
• Truth telling – interminal care – who
decides ? Who should tell ?

• “Where the person to whom information
given is a nurse, midwife or health visitor
the patient/client has a right to believe
that this information given in confidence in
the expectation that it will be used only
for the purpose for which it was given will
not be released to others with out the
consent of the patient/client. (ICN-UKCC
1987).”

Code of Ethics for Nurses in India
1.The nurse respects the uniqueness
of individual in provision of care
1.1 Provides care for individuals without
consideration of caste, creed, religion,
culture, ethnicity, gender, socio-economic
and political status, personal attributes,
or any other grounds.

1.2 Individualizes the care considering
the beliefs, values and cultural
sensitivities.
1.3 Appreciates the place of individual
in the family and community and
facilitates participation of
significant others in the care

Code of ethics for nurses in India –
contd.
1.4 Develops and promotes trustful
relationship with individual (s)
1.5 Recognizes uniqueness of response
of individuals to interventions and
adapts accordingly.

2. The nurse respects the rights of
individuals as partner in care and help in
making informed choices
2.1 Appreciates individuals right to
make decisions about their care
and therefore gives adequate and
accurate information for enabling
them to make informed choices
2.2 Respects the decisions made by
individual (s) regarding their care

2.3 Protects public from
misinformation and
misinterpretations
2.4 Advocates special provisions to
protect vulnerable individuals/
groups

3. The nurse respects individual’s
right to privacy, maintains
confidentiality, and shares
information judiciously
3.1 Respects the individuals’ right to
privacy of their personal information
3.2 Maintains confidentiality of
privileged information except in the
life threatening situations and uses
discretion in sharing information

3.3 Takes informed consent and
maintains anonymity when information
is required for quality assurance/
academic/legal reasons
3.4 Limits the access to all personal
records written and computerized to
authorized persons only.

4. Nurse maintains competence in
order to render Quality Nursing
Care
4.1 Nursing care must be provided only by
registered nurse
4.2 Nurse strives to maintain quality
nursing care and upholds the standards
of care.

4.3 Nurse values continuing education,
initiates and utilizes all opportunities
for self development
4.4 Nurse values research as a means of
development of nursing profession and
participates in nursing research
adhering to ethical principles.

5. The nurse if obliged to practice
within the framework of ethical,
professional and legal boundaries
5.1 Adheres to code of ethics and code
of professional conduct for nurses in
India developed by Indian Nursing
Council
5.2 Familiarizes with relevant laws and
practices in accordance with the law of
the state.

6. Nurse is obliged to work
harmoniously with members of the
health team.
6.1 Appreciates the team efforts in
rendering care
6.2 Cooperates, coordinates and
collaborates with members of the
health team to meet the needs of
people

7. Nurse commits to reciprocate
the trust invested in nursing
profession by society
7.1 Demonstrates personal etiquettes in
all dealings
7.2 Demonstrates professional attributes
in all dealings.

Code of professional Conduct
for Nurses in India

1. Professional Responsibility and
accountability
1.1 Appreciates sense of self-worth
and nurtures it
1.2 Maintains standards of personal
conduct reflecting credit upon the
profession

1.3 Carries out responsibilities within the
framework of the professional boundaries
1.4 Is accountable for maintaining practice
standards set by Indian Nursing Council
1.5. Is accountable for own decisions and actions
1.6 Is compassionate

1.7 Is responsible for continuous
improvement of current practice
1.8. Provides adequate information to
individuals that allows them
informed choices
1.9 Practices healthful behaviour

Nursing practice
2.1 Provides care in accordance with
set standards of practice
2.2 Treats all individuals and families
with human dignity in providing
physical, psychological, emotional,
social and spiritual aspects of care

2.3 Respects individuals and families in
the context of traditional and
cultural practices, promoting
healthy practices and discouraging
harmful practices
2.4 Presents realistic picture truthfully
in all situations for facilitating
autonomous decision-making by
individuals and families.

2.5 Promotes participation of individuals
and significant others in the care.
2.6 Ensures safe practice
2.7 Consults, coordinates, collaborates
and follows up appropriately when
individuals’ care needs exceed the
nurse’s competence.

Communication and
Interpersonal Relationships
3.1 Establishes and maintains effective
interpersonal relationships with
individuals, families and
communities.
3.2 Upholds the dignity of team
members and maintains effective
interpersonal relationships with them.

3.3 Appreciates and nurtures professional
role of team members.
3.4 Cooperates with other health
professionals to meet the needs of
the individuals, families and
communities.

Valuing Human Being
4.1 Takes appropriate action to protect
individuals from harmful unethical
practice
4.2 Considers relevant facts while
taking conscience decisions in
the best interest of individuals

4.3 Encourages and supports
individuals in their right to speak
for themselves on issues affecting
their health and welfare
4.4 Respects and supports choices
made by individuals.

Management
5.1 Ensures appropriate allocation and
utilization of available resources
5.2 Participates in supervision and
education of students and other
formal care providers

5.3 Uses judgment in relation to
individual competence while
accepting and delegating
responsibility
5.4 Facilities conducive work culture
in order to achieve institutional
objectives.

Management -contd
5.5 communicates effectively
following appropriate channels
of communication
5.6 Participates in performance
appraisal
5.7 Participates in evaluation of
nursing services

5.8 Participates in policy decisions,
following the principle of equity
and accessibility of services
5.9 Works with individuals to identify
their needs and sensitizes policy
makers and funding agencies for
resource allocation.

Professional Advancement
6.1 Ensures the protection of the human
rights while pursuing the advancement
of knowledge.
6.2 Contributes to the development of
nursing practice
6.3 Participates in determining and
implementing quality care

6.4 Takes responsibility for updating
own knowledge and competencies
6.5 Contributes to care of professional
knowledge by conducting and
participating in research.

Code_of_ethics.ppt

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