Common property RIGHT by abhinav
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Common property resources include resources meant for common use by a community like grazing lands, forests, wastelands, water bodies, and threshing floors. They are accessible to and collectively owned/managed by an identifiable community with no individual exclusive rights. Examples of common property resources include village forests, grazing lands, threshing floors, government forests of different classifications (reserved, protected, unclassified), and common water resources for domestic and agricultural use. If left unregulated, common property fishery resources can face overexploitation as no individual fisherman has incentive to restrain catch, leading to economic inefficiency.
Common property RIGHT by abhinav
- 1. Submitted by : ABHINAV KUMAR .T SIF
- 2. Common Property Resources Broadly speaking, common property resources include all such resources that are meant for common use of the community . CPRs include all resources like community pastures and grazing grounds, community forest and woodlots, protected and unclassed government forests, waste land, common threshing grounds, watershed drainage, ponds and tanks, rivers, rivulets, water reservoirs, canals and irrigation channels.
- 3. CPR common property resources are those to which access is both free and open to a set of users or potential users. The set may be made up of fishermen from any country. fishermen from any particular country within its EEZ (FAO)
- 4. Common property resources Resources accessible to and collectively ownedheldmanaged by an identifiable community and on which no individual has exclusive property rights are called common property resources.
- 6. Collectively owned/held/managed: owned held managed
- 7. Identifiable community: This means that co-users of the resources are a well-defined group of persons. For instance, all inhabitants of a village form an identifiable community.
- 8. Household Household: A group of persons normally living together and taking food from a common kitchen constitute a household. The word ‘normally’ means that temporary visitors are excluded but temporary stay-away are included
- 9. ‘commons’: These categories of CPRs refer to common property land resources within the boundary of the village and were formally (i.e. by legal sanction or official assignment) held by village panchayat or community of the village.
- 10. grazing land/pasture land grazing and pasture land has been the most important constituents of CPR land. Many villages have land earmarked as permanent pasture land/grazing land.
- 11. Village forest & woodlot This item includes all land under village forest and woodlots. This also includes the area notified as forest within the village which may belong to the forest department, or any other government department (like Revenue dept. or PWD.) but is formally under the management of village panchayat or a community of the village.
- 12. Threshing floor They include village sites and all area of land which is earmarked for common use of the villagers for economic activities, such as (a) processing of agricultural produce , (b) storing of grains, other agricultural produce, firewood, etc., (c) use for other household enterprise.
- 13. Government forest By legal status, forests in India are classified into following three categories, Reserved forest, Protected forest, Unclassified forests.
- 14. Reserved forest: Reserved forests are constituted under the Indian Forest Act or other forest laws of the States. The government holds absolute rights of ownership in reserved forests. The products of a reserved forest are not to be used by the local population unless specifically permitted by way of grant of privilege and not as a matter of right. Access to these forests is generally restricted.
- 15. Protected forest: Protected forests too are constituted under the Forest Act. The locals are permitted to gather all produce except those items which are specifically prohibited. Other privileges to the local population are also permitted. The privileges commonly enjoyed by the local population include collection of leaves, firewood, fodder and other minor forest produce, grazing of cattle, etc.
- 16. Unclassed forests According to the classification by legal status, this category includes all other forests. Some of these forests are privately owned. All village forests are included in this category.
- 17. Common water resources used for domestic purposes, such as drinking, bathing, washing etc. irrigation, feeding washing of livestock, fishing and needs of other household enterprises.
- 18. Fishery CPR’s There are so many CPR’s in the fishery Field they are EEZ , sea , ground , Beach , Threshing floor, water resources ,
- 19. Threshing floor They include village sites and all area of land which is earmarked for common use of the villagers for economic activities, such as (a) processing of agricultural produce , (b) storing of grains, other agricultural produce, firewood, etc., (c) use for other household enterprise.
- 20. significant consequences No individual fisherman has an incentive to restrain his catch in the interest of future returns, for anything he leaves in the sea for tomorrow will be taken by others today. Thus, fishery stocks tend to be used at, and frequently beyond, the point of maximum sustainable yield.
- 21. economic waste In the absence of controls on capital and labour, there will tend to be too much effort spent on too few fish. In over-utilized fisheries, the same, or even larger, amounts of fish can be taken with fewer fishermen and vessels than are actually employed. This means that the same, or greater, total revenues could be produced with lower total costs.