Communicative approach presentation part 1
- 2. Second Language Teaching Methods 外語教學法簡介 Grammar-Translation Approach (1890s-1930s) Direct Approach (1970s) Communicative Approach (The Natural Approach) (1960s-2000s) Audio-lingual Method (1950s-1960s) Community Language Learning/CLL (1960s-2000s) Total Physical Response (TPR / TPRS) (1960s- 2000s) Reading Approach The silent way (1960s-2000s) Task-based approach Total Immersion technique
- 3. In Terms of Usefulness for Practical Purposes Communicative Method 以實用為前提的三種學習原則 A. 溝通原則 Focus on language as a medium of communication. All communication has a social purpose B. 任務原則 Meaningful Communication embraces a whole spectrum of functions (e.g. seeking information /apologizing /expressing likes and dislikes) C. 意義原則 Syllabuses based on communicative method offered communicative ability
- 4. Communicative Approach 溝通式教學法 Stage 1: Aural Comprehension (lower level- repetition) Stage 2: Early Speech production (medium level – teacher to students) Stage 3: Speech Activities ( higher level – a real message) Example: 何歳ですか？ (Nan-sai desu ka?) 1. Communicative competence progressing through the 3 stages 你幾歲?
- 5. 2) Maximize the use of target language in the class • Classroom should provide opportunities for rehearsal of real-life situation and provide opportunity for real communication Communicative Approach 溝通式教學法理念
- 6. 3) Pairing off of students into small groups • To practice newly acquired language patterns • To practice dialogue/ vocabulary / reading / writing Communicative Approach 溝通式教學法理念
- 7. 4) Use of Visual Stimuli • Flashcards, images, photos • Authentic materials • PPT, Video, whiteboard • Motivate and focus learner’s attention Communicative Approach 溝通式教學法理念
- 8. 5) Learner-centered classroom • Emphasis on creative role-plays/ simulations /projects / survey • Emphasis on active mode of learning • Can be a noisy class • Emphasis on oral and listening skills in the classroom • Learners practice sounds themselves Communicative Approach 溝通式教學法理念 請問,銀行在哪裡?
- 9. 6) Errors in speech are not corrected aloud • Errors are a natural part of learning language Learners try their best to use the language creatively and spontaneously. Communicative Approach 溝通式教學法理念
- 10. 7) Functional /Usable/ Meaning language • Not just limited on oral skills. Reading and writing skills need to be developed • Using elements encountered in variety of ways (reading /summarizing / translation / discussion /debates) • Avoid age-old texts • Grammar is still taught, but less systematically • Learners need to hear the target language in regular speed and practice the language extensively Communicative Approach 溝通式教學法理念 我愛媽媽