Components of food Class-6th Chapter 2 Science
- 2. FOOD VARIETY
- 3. OUR FOOD CONSIST •Our meals usually have at least one item made of some kind of grains. •Other items could be a dal or a dish of meat. •And vegetables. •Also includes items like curd, buttermilk and pickle.
- 4. MEALS FROM DIFFERENT REGIONS Jammu & KashmirUttar PradeshMaharashtra Rajasthan Nagaland Tamil Nadu
- 5. QUESTIONS FOR YOU •Why meals usually consist of such a distribution ? •Do you think that our body needs different kinds of food for some special purpose?
- 6. WHAT DO DIFFERENT FOOD ITEMS CONTAIN? • Ingredients contain some components that are needed by our body. These components are called nutrients. • The major nutrients in our food are named carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals. • In addition, food contains dietary fibers and water which are also needed by our body.
- 7. TESTING PRESENCE OF NUTRIENTS IN FOOD Needed Materials • Solution of iodine • Solution of copper sulphate • Solution of caustic soda • Test tube • Dropper • Food items • Paper
- 8. TEST FOR STARCH 1. Take small quantity of a food item of raw ingredient. 2. Put 2-3 drops of dilute iodine solution on it. -Observe, did it turn blue-black? A blue- black color indicates that it contains starch.
- 9. TEST FOR PROTEIN 1. Take small quantity of food if solid make a paste or powder it. 2. Grind or mash a small quantity of the food item. 3. Put some of this in a clean test tube. 4. Add 10 drops of water to it and shake the test tube. 5. Add 2 drops of solution of copper sulphate 6. Add 10 drops of solution of caustic soda. 7. Shake well and let the test tube stand for a minute. -Did the contents of the test tube turns violet? A violet color indicates presence od protein in food item.
- 10. TEST FOR FATS 1. Take a small quantity of food item. 2. Wrap it in a piece of paper and crush it. 3. Straighten the paper and observe it carefully. -Does it have an oily patch? An oily patch on paper shows that the food item contains fat.
- 11. QUESTIONS FOR YOU •Why we need all these? •What do various nutrients do for our body?
- 12. CARBOHYDRATES • Provide energy to our body. • Carbohydrates are called energy giving food. Sources of carbohydrates
- 13. PROTEIN • Needed for the growth and repair of our body. • Proteins are called body building foods. Sources of protein
- 14. FATS • Gives us energy • Fats give much more energy as compared to the same amount of carbohydrates. • Fats are called energy giving food. Sources of fats
- 15. VITAMINS • Help in protecting our body against disease. • Also help in keeping our eyes, bones, teeth and gums healthy. • Names of vitamins- vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, and vitamin B –complex. • Our body needs all types of vitamins in small quantities.
- 16. VITAMINS : FUNCTIONS AND SOURCES• Vitamin A: keeps our skin and eyes healthy. • Vitamin C: helps body to fight against many diseases. • Vitamin D: helps our body to use calcium for bones and teeth. Foods rich in different vitamins.
- 17. MINERALS • Minerals are needed by our body in small amount. • Each one is essential for proper growth of body and to maintain good health. Some sources of minerals
- 18. RECAP
- 19. ROUGHAGE AND WATER • Besides these nutrients our body needs dietary fibers and water. • Dietary fibers are also known as roughage. • Roughage is mainly provided by plant products in our foods. • Whole grains, pulses, potatoes, fresh fruits, vegetables are main source of roughage. • Roughage helps our body get rid of undigested food. • Water helps our body to absorb nutrients from food . • It also helps in throwing out some wastes from body as urine and sweat. We get most of the water that our body needs from the liquids we drink- such as water, milk, juices and tea.
- 20. BALANCED DIET •For growth and maintenance of good health, our diet should have all the nutrients that our body needs ,in right quantities. the diet should also contain a good amount of roughage and water. such a diet is called a balanced diet.
- 21. FOOD PYRAMID
- 22. OBESITY •When we eat too much of fat rich foods and we may end up suffering from a condition called obesity.
- 23. DEFICIENCY DISEASES • A person may be getting enough food to eat, but sometimes the food may not contain a particular nutrient. if this continues over a long period of time the person may suffer from its deficiency. • Deficiency of one or more nutrients can cause diseases or disorders in our body. • Diseases that occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are called deficiency diseases. • Protein deficiency- stunted growth, swelling of face, discoloration of hair, skin diseases and Diarrhea. • Carbohydrate and protein deficiency- growth may stop completely, person become lean and thin and so weak that he/she may not even be able to move.