Computer graphics
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Computer graphics has evolved significantly since the early 1960s. Some key developments include Edward Zajac displaying satellite research using computer graphics in 1961, Ivan Sutherland creating Sketchpad in 1963, the founding of Pixar in 1979, Toy Story becoming the first fully computer animated feature film in 1995, and the goal of photorealistic rendering in real-time on consumer hardware in the 2000s. Computer graphics is used for simulation, design, displaying information, user interfaces, and animation. It differs from image processing in that computer graphics focuses on creating new images using geometry while image processing analyzes and modifies existing images.
Computer graphics
- 2. History of Computer Graphics Early 60`s: – Computer animations for physical simulation; Edward Zajac displays satellite research using CG in 1961 – 1963: Sutherland (MIT) Sketchpad (direct manipulation, CAD) Calligraphics (vector) display devices Interactive techniques First mouse (Douglas Englebart) – 1968: Evans & Sutherland founded – 1969: First SIGGRAPH Late 60's to late 70's: ● Utah Dynasty – 1970: Pierre Bezier develops Bezier curves – 1971: Gouraud Shading – 1972: Pong (first computer game) developed – 1973: Westworld, the first film to use computer animation – 1974: Ed Catmull develops z-buffer (Utah) First Computer Animated Short, Hunger. Keyframe animation and morphing. – 1975: Bui- Toung Phong creates Phong Shading (Utah) Martin Newel models a 3D teapot with Bezier patches (Utah)
- 3. Mid 70's -80's: ● Quest for realism. Radiosity shading; mainstream real-time applications. – 1982: Tron , Wrath of Kahn. Particle systems and obvious CG. – 1984: The Last Star Figher, CG replaces physical models. Early attempts at realism using CG. – 1986: First CG animation nominated for and Academy Award: Luxo Jr. (Pixar) – 1989: Tin Toy (Pixar) wins Academy Award.– 1995: Toy Story (Pixar/Disney), the first full length fully compute rgenerated 3D animation. The first fully 3D CG cartoon Babylon 5. First TV show routinely using CG models. Late 90's: ● Interactive environments, scientific and medical visualization, artistic rendering, image based rendering, path tracing, photon maps, etc. 2000's: ● Real-time photorealistic rendering on consumer HW? Interactively rendered movies? Ubiquitous computing, computer vision and graphics.
- 4. Advantages of Computer Graphics: •we can create our own creation by using CG(computer graphics). •easy to understand "what the Creator want to say?". •means of communication •ability to show moving pictures(produce animation).
- 5. Application of Computer Graphics • Display of information • Design • Simulation • User interfaces
- 6. Computer Graphics vs Image Processing Computer Graphics and Image Processing are both relevant to each other, but somewhat intermingled and overlapped over each other and creates confusion among the newcomers in this area. Computer Graphics mainly deals with the formation and creation of images using the geometrical coordinate system and other supporting aids, parameters and methodologies. The main idea behind the computer graphics is to produce new images. The Image processing mainly deals with the analysis and reproduction of already designed or stored images and making improvements and modifications in them. The main motive of image processing is to achieve a better quality image for further analysis. The helping entities in Computer Graphics are mainly Coordinate Geometry, the light parameters and measurements, Materials etc., whereas Image processing involves the usage of pictures, devices like scanner, medical and other technical equipments. In Computer Graphics, vector and raster operations are combined to create the final image, whereas, raster operations are majorly used in image processing. . .
- 7. The Computer Graphics provides a better facility of interpretation, interaction and understanding of images. This subject has brought a revolution in the field of games, animation and movies. Image processing mainly focused on digital image processing, but analog and optical image processing is also achievable. Most image-processing practices involve the treatment of image as a two-dimensional signal and then include the application of the universal and standard signal-processing practices onto it. The terminology “imaging― refers to the production or acquisition of the images in image processing. Imaging includes the creation, replication, compilation, analysis, alteration and visualization of images