Computer Operating system
- 2. This Presentation Includes: • Introduction to windows with its GUI/Features, • Types of operating system • Exploring Windows • Network Configuration • Network Interface Card
- 3. GUI(Graphics User Interface) • GUI is a program interface that takes advantage of the computer graphics capabilities to make the program easier to use. • Well-designed graphical user interfaces can free the user from learning complex command languages.
- 4. Basic Components of a GUI 1. Pointer: A symbol that appears on the display screen and moves to select objects and commands. • Usually the pointer appears as a small angled arrow. • Text processing applications use an I- beam pointer shaped like a capital I. 2. Pointing device: A device, such as a mouse or a trackball, that enables you to select objects on the display screen.
- 5. Basic Components of a GUI 3. Icons: Small pictures that represent commands, files, or windows. • By moving the pointer to the icon and pressing a mouse button, you can execute a command or convert the icon into a window. 4. Desktop: The area on the display screen where icons are grouped is often referred to as the desktop because the icons are intended to represent real objects on a real desktop.
- 6. Basic Components of a GUI 5. Windows: You can divide the screen into different areas. • In each window, you can run a different program or display a different file. • You can move windows around the display screen, and change their shape and size at will. 6. Menus: Most graphical user interfaces let you execute commands by selecting a choice from a menu.
- 7. Parts of a Windows • The Title Bar: It is on the top of every window. • The center of title bar displays either name of currently working program or relevant information about what is happening in the program at any given moment.
- 8. Parts of a Windows • The Menu Bar: Visible on the upper left-hand corner of the window. • Appears as text and usually starts with “File” at the far left. • Accessing the menu allows to view various commands available to that program, including closing the program or the window.
- 9. • The Scroll Bar: On the right side and bottom of the window is scroll bar. • It appears only if there is information to be displayed beyond the bottom range of the current window size. • Clicking and dragging on the slider in scroll bar, contents of window moves up-down and left-right to view data available. Parts of a Windows
- 10. Parts of a Windows • The Work Space: All of the areas inside the window where data for the current program is displayed. • Usually, the workspace has a white background, but it is possible to customize this in all versions of Windows, and it may vary by program. Work Space
- 11. Basic Functions of Windows • The interface between user and hardware • Coordinate hardware components • Provide an environment for software to function • Provide structure for data management • Monitor system health and functionality
- 12. Windows versions
- 13. Network Configuration Hardware • Network configuration is the process of setting a network’s controls, flow, and operation to support the network communication of an organization and/or network owner. • This broad term incorporates multiple configuration and setup processes on network hardware, software, and other supporting devices and components.
- 14. Network Interface Card • A network interface card (NIC) is a hardware component without which a computer cannot be connected over a network. • It is a circuit board installed in a computer that provides a dedicated network connection to the computer. • It is also called a network interface controller, network adapter or LAN adapter.
- 15. Purpose of NIC • NIC allows both wired and wireless communications. • NIC allows communications between computers connected via local area network (LAN) as well as communications over the large-scale network through Internet Protocol (IP). • NIC is both, a physical layer and a data link layer device, i.e. it provides the necessary hardware circuitry so that the physical layer processes and some data link layer processes can run on it.
- 16. Types of NIC Cards Internal Network Cards • In internal network cards, motherboard has a slot for the network card where it can be inserted. • It requires network cables to provide network access. These are of two types: • First type uses the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) connection. • Second type uses Industry Standard Architecture (ISA)
- 17. External Network Cards • In desktops and laptops that do not have an internal NIC, external NICs are used. These are of two types: • Wireless • USB based. • They are useful while traveling or accessing a wireless signal