The document compares three language teaching methods: the grammar translation method (GTM), the direct method (DM), and the audio-lingual method (ALM). GTM focuses on grammar rules and translation, DM emphasizes spoken communication, and ALM uses repetition of dialogues to teach grammar and vocabulary. The teacher's role and student interaction differ between the methods. GTM has the teacher as the authority while DM encourages student-teacher and student-student interaction. ALM has the teacher controlling student language behavior through drills.