Cp gp day04 session 14 - concept and assessment methodology of gp and comparison2012
- 1. Concept and Assessment Methodology of GP and comparison with CP
- 2. Acknowledgement • Most of the information presented here is obtained from the Asian Productivity Organisation (APO) http://www.apo-tokyo.org/gp/52training_man.htm
- 3. Green Productivity • Green Productivity (GP) is a strategy for enhancing a business’s productivity and environmental performance at the same time, for overall socio-economic development. • It is the application of appropriate techniques, technologies, and management systems to produce environmentally compatible goods and services. • Launched in 1994 in line with the 1992 Earth Summit recommendations that both economic development and environmental protection would be key strategies for sustainable development. • APO introduced GP as a practical way to answer the challenge of sustainable development.
- 4. Relationship between Productivity & Environment
- 5. What is productivity?What is productivity? bb As an integrated conceptAs an integrated concept Output x SatisfactionOutput x Satisfaction PRODUCTIVITY =PRODUCTIVITY = Input x SacrificesInput x Sacrifices •• as objectiveas objective Social conceptSocial concept •• as a meansas a means Technical conceptTechnical concept Productivity is, above all, an attitude of mind. It seeks to continually improve what already exists. It is based on the belief that one can do things better today than yesterday and better tomorrow than today.
- 6. Multi-Factor Productivity MULTI - FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY AND GP Raw materials productivity = Output (value or unit or value added) Raw material used Labour productivity = Output number of employees (number of hours worked) Variables for quantification of GP that can be factored in are: water, energy, materials (chemicals, auxiliaries, packaging etc.), technology, capital. Productivity = Output/Input = Value of goods or services/Cost of resources consumed.
- 7. GP ensures profitability and enhances Quality of Life Ensures profitability Enhances Quality of Life Reduces environmental impact
- 8. Traditional focus of productivity was ensuring cost effectiveness through cost reduction. The quality drive and customer satisfaction was the next focus Programs to improve productivity by influencing the internal organization of an industry emerged. The most popular have been Kaizen, TQM, TPM etc. Productivity The next step required integration of "Environment" into these productivity improvement programs. Quality Cost Environment Productivity Practices
- 9. TRIPLE FOCUS OF GP Environment (Sustainable Development) Quality (Voice of Customer ) Profitability (Factor Inputs)
- 10. GP Environmental Compliance Environmental Compliance Pollution Prevention Source reduction End-of-pipe controls Pollution Prevention Source reduction End-of-pipe controls Integrated people based approach Integrated people based approach production-environment integration team work safe and healthy working conditions. production-environment integration team work safe and healthy working conditions. Information driven improvement Information driven improvement measurement reporting disclosure measurement reporting disclosure Productivity improvement Productivity improvement Continuous improvement cycle Continuous improvement cycle Distinguishing characteristics of GP
- 11. Conventional Versus GP Practices RAW MATERIAL PRODUCTION PROCESS PRODUCT WASTES GASEOUS LIQUID SOLID TREATMENT &/DISPOSAL RAW MATERIAL PRODUCTION PROCESS PRODUCT REMAINDER LESS WASTES GASEOUS LIQUID SOLID TREATMENT &/DISPOSAL RECYCLE/ REUSE BY- PRODUCT CONVENTIONAL PRACTICES GP PRACTICES
- 12. GREEN PRODUCTIVITY MULTI SECTOR COVERAGE GREEN PRODUCTIVITY SMEs form the backbone of the production-consumption process. They play a crucial role in the sustainability of development Industry (Large Enterprises) Services CommunityAgriculture SMEs SMEs SMEs SMEsSMEsSMEs
- 13. GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF GP Accountability Polluter Pays Precautionary Approach Profitability Competitive Advantage People-Building
- 14. ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES GUIDING GP •ACCOUNTABILITY •POLLUTER PAYS •PRECAUTIONARY APPROACH
- 15. PRODUCTIVITY PRINCIPLES GUIDING GP •Profitability Competitive Advantage People-Building
- 16. Green Productivity EXTERNAL FORCES Green Productivity External Forces Internal Forces Regulations Customer requirement Consumer Demand Market Opportunities Market Image Evolving global and industrial standards Resource Pricing and Availability DRIVING FORCES OF GREEN PRODUCTIVITY
- 17. Driving Forces of Green Productivity INTERNAL FORCES Internal Efficiency Worker Health and Safety
- 18. Manifold Benefits of GP
- 19. GPGP SOCIETY SOCIETY Quality of Life Quality of Life BUSINESS BUSINESS To supply goods and services produced in a sustainable manner Products PUSH DEMAND for environmentally friendly products PULL ON THE MARKET PUSH to improve resource efficiency and hence profitability GP enhances Quality of Life
- 20. GP METHODOLOGY
- 21. Overview and Methodological Framework of GP Methodology Guiding Principles of GP GP Methodology GP TechniquesGP Tools
- 22. Introduction to GP Methodology The Vicious Cycle of Bad Quality
- 23. Introduction to GP Methodology The Conversion Process Need to look at the process carefully to understand the improvements
- 24. KAIZEN Vs. Innovation Introduction to GP Methodology
- 25. Continuous Improvement Through PDCA Introduction to GP Methodology
- 26. Commitment and Involvement of Top Management The top management plays a critical role in the success of the GP Programme •Identify Team Leader •Review objectives and Targets •Review and approve the implementation plan •Identify barriers for implementation and means to overcome •Incorporate appropriate changes in management system for continuous improvement
- 27. Attitudinal barriers Information related barriers Technical Financial barriers Barriers Barriers to Commitment of Top Management
- 28. • Awareness programs • Visits to Industries that have successfully implemented GP Means of achieving commitment of Top Management
- 29. Getting StartedGetting Started PlanningPlanningPlanning Generation and Evaluation of GP Options Generation and Evaluation of GP Options Generation and Evaluation of GP Options Sustaining GPSustaining GP Monitoring and Review Monitoring and Review Implementation of GP Options Implementation of GP Options Implementation of GP Options I II III IV V VI Overview of GP Methodology
- 31. Team Formation •Team Should be dynamic and involving in nature •Member should be drawn as per need analysis • Can be a core team and sub-teams in large organizations •Core team to supervise the overall GP program and sub team to assist core team on specific tasks. •A dynamic, open minded and versatile person should be a Team Leader
- 32. For a Large Organization For an SME Sub Team 1 Sub Team 2 Sub Team 4 External Consultant External Consultant Top Management Core Team Overlap of the circles indicate the extent of common interaction Dept. 1 Dept 2 Dept 4 Note: In the case of SMEs Top Management will have more participation in the Core Team Note: In large organizations, finance, administration section, utilities and stores are also depts. Core Team Top Management A Sample GP Team for an SME
- 34. Hides receiving and Storage Pickling / Tanning Liming / Deliming Soaking and Unhairing Finishing Product Storage and Inspection Lime Storage 1 2 3 4 5 6 material Administrative block Laboratories, Utilities Pollution ControlFacility Illustration of Walk-through for a Tannery Walk-through Survey
- 35. Information Collection Walk-Through Review Existing Documents One-to-one meetings Organized Information easy to access, update and use Carry out Updates Information Collection
- 37. One-to-One Meetings to aid Information Collection
- 38. Collection Of Field Data Estimating Water Consumption Install Water Meter • Cost / investment • Needed time period to order, procure, install and test • Could get damaged during use Using Available Information • Amount of fabric processed in a batch • Number of batches in a day • Ratio of fabric to water (Material Liquor Ratio) • Wastewater measured by bucket and timer • Moisture in fabric was accounted for using calculations based on weight of fabric before and after dyeing processConclusion: Same purpose achieved in lesser amount of time, easily and without any major investments
- 39. Assigning Cost to Waste Streams: A Way to Set Objectives and Targets Cost components typically associated in waste streams are: • Cost of raw materials in the waste • Cost of product in the waste • Cost of treatment of waste to comply with regulatory requirements • Cost of waste transportation • Cost of waste disposal $
- 40. Identification of Problems and Causes Process Water Chemicals Energy Labor Costs Waste Generation Production Capacity Utilization Product Quality Market demand Problems could be with the And, causes could be so many...!! How to identify? WHERE DO WE STAND ?
- 42. MC Panel Buffing / Polishing Raw Material Storage solutions, metal Plating Section Finished product storage Proposed ETP Bad Practice Bad Practice Office Water Solid waste Energy Solid waste frombuffing spills over to material storage Practice Area of material and solid waste spillage. Chokes the drains leading to ETP Drain lines to ETP Eco-maps to identify problem areas
- 43. Problem 1 Cause 1 Cause 2 Cause 3 Cause 1 Problem 1 Problem 2 Problem 3 Problem 1 Problem 2 Problem 3 Problem 4 ? ? ? Why? How? Common Causes? Common Problems? Problem 5 Identification of Causes
- 44. Prioritizing Problems to set Objectives and Targets
- 45. Setting Objectives and Targets Objectives and Targets should be SMART: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant and Trackable
- 46. Generation of GP Options Review existing GP options Generate new GP options Generation of GP Options Review existing GP options Generate new GP options Collect Option specific Information Collect Option specific Information Screening of GP Options Screening of GP Options Evaluation of GP Options Evaluation of GP Options Hierarchy of Tasks in Generation and Evaluation of GP Options
- 47. Reviewing options already implemented or thought of in the past. Reviewing options already implemented or thought of in the past. Generating New GP Options Generating New GP Options Ways of Generation of GP Options XX Reviewing GP Options
- 48. Generation of New GP Options GP Options Brainstorming Ishikawa diagram GP Techniques GP Tools
- 49. To Evaluation Section • Economical • Technically sound • High returns SCREENSCREEN • High Cost • High Risk • Complicated Technology GP Options Screening of GP Options
- 50. Technical Feasibility Short term / Long term Cost / Returns Risk Quantity Scale of implementation Cumulative Impacts Evaluation of Options
- 51. GP Options New Equipment New Material / chemical Change of Supplier Modification in existing process Change in operating practices Suppliers, Installation space, Cost (capital, operating), personpower requirement Suppliers, Installation space, Cost (capital, operating), personpower requirement Suppliers, Quantity, Cost, effects on other processes, safety sheets, transport Suppliers, Quantity, Cost, effects on other processes, safety sheets, transport New Suppliers, reliability, costs, effect on market, other clients of the new supplier New Suppliers, reliability, costs, effect on market, other clients of the new supplier Installation, fabrication, commissioning requirements, costs Installation, fabrication, commissioning requirements, costs Effects of new practice, changes due to new practice, time scheduling Effects of new practice, changes due to new practice, time scheduling Option Specific Information required Collection of Option Specific Information
- 52. GUIDELINE OF IMPLEMENTATION PLAN •STATING OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS •NATURE OF OPTIONS/REUSE, PROCESS CHANGE ETC. •ACTION NEEDED FOR IMPLEMENTATION •RESPONSIBLE PERSON OR DEPARTMENT •TIMING AND WAY OF IMPLEMENTATION
- 53. Implementation of Selected Options • Trial and small scale implementation • Regular meetings and trouble shooting sessions • Follow-up and Accountability • Allocate resources and schedule the pilot implementation • Management support needed • Review and refinement of options
- 54. Training, Awareness Building and Developing Competence Assessing training needs Selecting suitable programs, methods and material Preparing a training plan (5W1H)) Implementing training programs Tracking and recording training programs Evaluating training effectiveness Improving training program as needed
- 55. Ways of Training and Development • Off-the-Job Training (Seminars & Lectures) • On-the-Job Training • Video presentations and Posters • Operation Manuals and work instructions • Field Visits
- 56. Monitoring and Evaluation of Results • Parameters affecting the end results • Performance indicators for the end result • Appraise the performance of the option against the targets
- 57. $$ Effectivity of GP Financial Viability G P Management Review
- 58. Corrective Actions Internal External Update GP documents Incorporate Changes into Organization’s system of management
- 59. Identification of New / Additional Problem Areas for Continuous Improvement
- 60. Discussion Comparison between CP and GP