1. CPU Continue….
CPU Socket slots
A CPU socket for an industrial computer is the physical
connection between a computer processor and an industrial
grade motherboard.
A CPU socket uses hundreds, or even thousands of metal pins
as contact points to allow power and data to be passed
between the CPU and the motherboard.
2. CPU SOCKET TYPES
• 1. LGA Sockets
• 2. PGA Sockets
• 3. ZIF sockets
• 4. BGA Sockets
3. LGA Sockets
• LGA (Land Grid Array) sockets are one of the
latest socket technologies, LGA microprocessor
packages that range in size up to 4200 pins.
These sockets can provide a compressive
electrical interface to the microprocessor
package and are solder ball, surface mount
attached to the PCB.
4. PGA Sockets
• A pin grid array (PGA) socket is the integrated
circuit packaging standard used in most
second- through fifth-generation processors.
These sockets are either rectangular or
square, with pins arranged in a regular array
on the underside of the package.
Pin
&
hole
5. ZIF sockets
• Stands for "Zero Insertion Force." ZIF is a type
of CPU socket on a computer motherboard
that allows for the simple replacement or
upgrade of the processor.
• Processors that use a ZIF socket can easily be
removed by pulling a small release lever next
to the processor and lifting it out.
6. BGA Sockets
• A BGA (ball grid array) based CPU, however, is
SOLDERED on the motherboard and thus
cannot be plugged out or replaced. The BGA
based CPUs are generally found in mobile
devices like laptops.
7. Processor levels
• Level of CPU depending on how many cores,
caches, cycles per second (GHz) and Family
series like “i” i3, i5 and Ryzen 3, 7 with
generation.
8. intel and AMD
Intel CPU
• Gaming performance
• Drivers and Software
• Specifications.
• Productivity
AMD CPU
• Power consumption
• Security
• Process Node (semiconductor
manufacturing)
9. The central processing unit (CPU) consists of six main components:
• Control unit (CU)
• Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
• Registers.
• Cache.
• Buses.
• Clock.
10. Control unit (CU)
What does the CU control unit do?
• The control unit controls and monitors
communications between the hardware
attached to the computer.
• It controls the input and output of data,
checks that signals have been delivered
successfully, and makes sure that data goes to
the correct place at the correct time.
11. Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
What does the arithmetic logic unit ALU do?
• The ALU performs simple addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division, and logic operations, such as OR and AND. The
memory stores the program's instructions and data.
12. Registers
• Registers are small amounts of high-speed
memory contained within the CPU.
• They are used by the processor to store small
amounts of data that are needed during
processing, such as:
– The address of the next instruction to be executed.
– The current instruction being decoded.
13. CACHE
• A cache -- pronounced CASH -- is hardware or
software that is used to store something,
usually data, temporarily in a computing
environment. It is a small amount of faster,
more expensive memory used to improve the
performance of recently or frequently
accessed data.
14. BUSES
• A bus is a subsystem that is used to connect computer
components and transfer data between them. For
example, an internal bus connects computer internals
to the motherboard.
• A “bus topology” or design can also be used in other
ways to describe digital connections.
• A bus may be parallel or serial.
15. BUSES continue…….
Three types of bus are used.
• Address bus - carries memory addresses from the processor to
other components such as primary storage and input/output
devices. ...
• Data bus - carries the data between the processor and other
components. ...
• Control bus - carries control signals from the processor to other
components.
16. CLOCK
• Your CPU processes many instructions (low-
level calculations like arithmetic) from
different programs every second. The clock
speed measures the number of cycles your
CPU executes per second, measured in GHz
(gigahertz).
