Creative Thinking and problem solving.pptx
- 2. Cr e at i ve Th i nk i ng Is a way of looking at problems or situations from a fresh perspective that suggests unorthodox solutions
- 3. Cr i t i cal Th i nk i ng Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action.
- 4. Cr e at i ve vs . Cr i t i cal • Generative • Nonjudgmental • Expansive. When you are thinking creatively, you are generating lists of new ideas. • Analytical • Judgmental • Selective. When you are thinking critically, you are making choices.
- 8. The goal of the puzzle is to link all 9 dots using four straight lines or fewer, without lifting the pen and without tracing the same line more than once.
- 10. Ask Q ue s t i o n s • The answer isn’t in the solution—it’s in the questions. Smart questions define problems well and lead to a clear vision of the issues involved.
- 11. Stay i n g i n t h e Q ue s t i o n • Productive thinking requires us not to rush to answers but to hang back, to keep asking new questions even when the answers to the old ones seem so clear, so obvious, so right.
- 12. Ask " Why " Fi v e Ti m e s • Ask "Why" a problem is occurring and then ask "Why" four more times. For example... – Why has the machine stopped? A fuse blew because of an overload – Why was there an overload? There wasn't enough lubrication for the bearings – Why wasn't there enough lubrication? The pump wasn't pumping enough – Why wasn't lubricant being pumped? The pump shaft was vibrating as a result of abrasion – Why was there abrasion? There was no filter, allowing chips of material into the pump • Installation of a filter solves the problem.
- 13. Your Turn! Sara is a vegetarian. She changed her work. In new place She eat her meal every day at work as same. She lost 5kg in month!! But why?
- 14. Powe r ful que st io ns • What seems to be the trouble?” • What concerns you the most about ?” • What is holding you back from ?” • What seems to be your main obstacle to ?”
- 15. Di ver gent Th i nk i ng • Divergent thinking is a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions
- 16. T H E B E S T WAY TO HAV E G O O D I D EAS I S TO HAV E LO T S O F I D EAS —AN D T H E N T H R O W AWAY T H E BAD O N E S . Linus Pauling
- 17. Example of Divergent Thinking Giving a child a stack of blocks and asking them to see how many shapes they can create with those blocks.
- 19. • As many as possible (Quantity is more important than Quality) • Flexibility: As many different kinds as possible • Originality: As unique as possible • Be spontaneous, playful, & childlike • Defer judgment: Open-minded • No criticism or praise • Need constructive conflict • Encourage piggybacking • Encourage wild ideas • No pressure • Set Quota
- 20. Co nve r g ent t h i n k i n g • Convergent thinking is the type of thinking that focuses on coming up with the single, well-established answer to a problem.It is oriented toward deriving the single best, or most often correct answer to a question.
- 21. Example of Convergent thinking Variety of tests such as mutiple choice questions, quizzes, standardized tests, spelling tests and similar other tests requires convergent thinking because only one answer can be 100% correct.
- 22. Wh at sh oul d we do? • After the process of divergent thinking has been completed, ideas and information are organized and structured using convergent thinking.
- 23. B r ai n Stor m in g • brainstorming is not about reaching results, It’s about generating many ideas and it is an integral part of the problem- solving process
- 24. RU LES FO R BR AI NSTO R M I N G
- 25. Ther e ar e no dum b ide as . • It is a brainstorming session, not a serious matter that requires only serious solutions. Remember, this is one of the more fun tools of quality, so keep the entire team involved!
- 26. Do not cr i t ic iz e ot her people ’s ide a s. • This is not a debate, discussion or forum for one person to display superiority over another.
- 27. Bui ld on ot h er pe o pl e ’s ide a s. • Often an idea suggested by one person can trigger a bigger and/or better idea by another person. Or a variation of an idea on the board could be the next “Velcro” idea. It is this building of ideas that leads to out of the box thinking and fantastic ideas.
- 28. Re ver se th e th ough t of q ua li t y ov er qu a nti t y. • Here we want quantity; the more creative ideas the better. As a facilitator, you can even make it a challenge to come up with as many ideas as possible and compare this team’s performance to the last brainstorming session you conducted.
- 30. Your Turn! • a new restaurant wants to open – where you can buy delicious fast food for vegetarians. • Making a list for Menu (for Sara) in 2 min
- 31. BRA IN STO R M I N G I S A GO OD M ETH OD BUT SOM E TI M E S YOU HAVE SOM E PROBLEM S
- 32. Wh y, oh, wh y .. . • How come no one realize what a genial idea I propose? • How come my team does not except my great idea, even though I am explaining it in most logical way and using every argument I can think of? • Is there any better way then argument? • How could we avoid conflicts in a team? • How to lead colleagues to use their capacity as much as possible?
- 33. Per c ept u al Th i n k i n g • Perception is neglected • We admire facts, logic and arguments • Church – from dogma, fix position • Analyze, evaluate, judge, critic, from own position • We don’t creative value, we are not turn forward • 90 % of thinking errors are errors of perception • Self-confidence, self-esteem, new ideas
- 34. Par al l el Th i n k i n g • Getting everyone focused on using the same thinking tool at the same time • Encourages the sharing of information • Prompts a group to pool all of their ideas rather than defending one point of view
- 36. Benef i ts of t h e Six Th i nk ing Ha ts • Separate out thinking so we can do one thing at a time • Ask people to switch thinking from one mode to another • Separate ego from performance • Signal what thinking process to use next • Expand from one-dimensional to full-colored thinking • Explore subjects in parallel • Allow specific time for creativity & emotion
- 37. Wh it e Ha t I nf or m ation Available & Needed • Neutral, objective information • Facts & figures • Questions: what do we know, what don’t we know, what do we need to know • Excludes opinions, hunches, judgments • Removes feelings & impressions
- 38. f e e l t h i s i s a r i g h t d e c i s i o n f o r e v e r y b o d y’s good.
- 39. Re d Ha t Intuition and Feelings • Emotions & feelings • Hunches, intuitions, impressions • Doesn’t have to be logical or consistent • No justifications, reasons or basis • All decisions are emotional in the end
- 40. You hav e t o be ca r fu l, th er e ar e r i sk at tac hed
- 41. Bla ck Ha t Caution, Dif f ic ult ies , and Problems • Cautious and careful • Logical negative – why it won’t work • Critical judgment, pessimistic view • Separates logical negative from emotional • Focus on errors, evidence, conclusions • Logical & truthful, but not necessarily fair
- 42. Le t s b e p o s i t i v e . . . W h a t e v e r h a p p e n s , h a p p e n s f o r t h e b e s t
- 43. Yel l ow Ha t Benefits and F eas ibilit y • Positive & speculative • Positive thinking, optimism, opportunity • Benefits • Best-case scenarios • Exploration
- 44. Le t s c r e a t e a s o l u t i o n f o r m a k i n g c u r r e n t s i t u a t i o n b e t t e r
- 45. Gr e en Ha t A lt er nat iv es and Creative Ideas • New ideas, concepts, perceptions • Deliberate creation of new ideas • Alternatives and more alternatives • New approaches to problems • Creative & lateral thinking
- 46. L e t s o r g a n i z e o u r t h o u g h t s a n d f o c u s o n t h e b e s t o p t i o n
- 47. Op e n wi t h th e bl ue hat • Why we are here • what we are thinking about • definition of the situation or problem • what we want to achieve • where we want to end up • the background to the thinking • a plan for the sequence of hats
- 48. Id ea E val ua ti on Cost? Legal? Hasn't been tried? New? Original? Possible? Ethical? Can be modified? Acceptable? Appropriate? Last longest? Time? Effective? Solve fastest? Easy? Most beneficial? Extra benefits? Necessary resources? Can be sold? Creates more problems?
- 49. Id ea E val ua ti on • Criteria – Must be important for picking the best – solution to the problem – Must be worded in a positive way – Most efficient, least expensive
- 50. C h o o s e t h e 5 C r i t e r i a t h a t w i l l h e l p s e l e c t t h e b e s t s o l u t i o n
- 51. Your Turn! Question: Give an example of a situation in which you saw an opportunity in a potential problem. What did you do? What was the outcome? What is your best solution?
- 52. 15 Tips for being more c reative
- 53. Go somewhere different. Different environments give you a different state of mind.
- 54. G i v e y o u r s e l f a s o u n d t r a c k – Research proves it works. – Cows that listen to soothing music produce more milk. – The tempo of Baroque music is similar to the speed of the brain – waves that are associated with creative thinking.
- 55. If you’re putting pressure on yourself, a pint or two might help you relax. Or maybe some coffee. It’s worth a try.
- 56. Write down the problem If you ask the right question, you’re half way to solving the problem. Or maybe more
- 57. Keep r ew r i ti ng t h e p r o bl em • Maybe you’re still asking the wrong question. • Rewriting it in a different way may help you think about it differently too.
- 58. Solve a sudoku instead Do something that requires a lot of concentration. It clears your mind and pushes the problem to your more powerful back brain
- 59. What would Stephen Fry do? If you can’t solve the problem as you, do it as someone else. Imagine you’re someone extra smart and try to solve it as them.
- 60. Deliberately come up with bad ideas You may be setting your standards too high. Deliberately lower them to get the ideas flowing. You can raise them again later.
- 61. Go read some stuff Maybe you don’t have enough information. Do more. The answer may come from a small insight hidden away
- 62. Have a nap They say that dreams are your brain’s way of sorting out data. Have a nap and let it go to work.
- 63. Map your thoughts It’s a great way of seeing that you’re exploring lots of areas.
- 64. Buy someone a drink and talk to them. Get their opinion. Business advice for under a fiver (with Pork Scratching thrown in)
- 65. Give up Just for the moment. If it’s not working right now, don’t push it. You’ll only push yourself further into the rut.
- 66. THANK YOU EVERYONE FOR YOUR VALUABLE TIME AND ATTENTION.