Data Types
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Data types are a classification that identifies the type of data in a computer program. There are primitive data types like integers, floats, booleans, and characters. Composite data types are constructed from primitive types, like arrays, records, tuples, unions, sets, and objects. Type enforcement ensures type safety by restricting operations to appropriate data types at compile or runtime. Well-typed programs avoid type errors that could lead to failures.
Data Types
- 1. Data Types Classification Of Information
- 2. What is Data Type ? For humans in their daily life it is easy to distinguish among different types of data they come across eg. if number is a percentage or a time, or a weight, or an amount of money. We do this through special symbols like %, :,kg, and $ that indicate the type of information we are referring to Similarly, a computer program needed special internal codes to keep track of the different types of data it is interacting with . In computer science and computer programming, a data type or simply type is a classification identifying one of various types of data, such as real, integer or Boolean, that determines the possible values for that type, the operations that can be done on values of that type, the meaning of the data, and the way values of that type can be stored “Wikipedia”
- 3. What purpose they Solve ? In real Life we come across multiple type of statistical values like fractional data,count data,positive or negative data,categorical data,lists,words,alphabets,matrices. In a software code we define interfaces between different parts of a software code to be connected in a consistent way to interact with such informations or data and to interchange among themselves. The consistency gets evaluated(Type Enforcement) strategically either at compile time or at runtime of the code. With a consistent(the possible values for that type, the operations that can be done on values of that type) data types structs makes life alot easier for a software developer to stay aligned with the Type safety.
- 4. Type Enforcement Type Enforcement is closely related to the Access control of the operating Systems which can be defined as the selective restriction in turn it allows the code to access the memory locations it is authorized to access. For example : an object can not read values from other objects private members.
- 5. Type Safety Well-typed programs cannot "go wrong” Robin Miller The behaviors classified as type errors by a given programming language are usually those that result from attempts to perform operations on values that are not of the appropriate data type. “Wikipedia” Type safety a restriction on the ability to copy arbitrary bit patterns from one memory location to another . That may cause buffer overflow and dangling pointers . Think if we could allow an arbitrary integer to be used as a pointer catastrophic failure
- 6. Classification Of Data Types Primitive Data Types Composite Data Types Data Types
- 7. Primitive Data Types Characters,Integers, Floating point Numbers,Fixed Point Numbers ,Booleans, Characters, Strings, References, Tuples,List,Complex Numbers,Functions,Rational Numbers. A basic type is a data type provided by a programming language as a basic building block. Most languages allow more complicated composite types to be recursively constructed starting from basic types. A built-in type is a data type for which the programming language provides built-in support. “Wikipedia”
- 8. Composite Data Types An array stores a number of elements of the same type in a specific order. Record ,tuple or struct is a value that contains other values, typically in fixed number and sequence and typically indexed by names. Union. A union type definition will specify which of a number of permitted primitive types may be stored in its instances, e.g. "float or long integer". Contrast with a record, which could be defined to contain a float and an integer; whereas, in a union, there is only one type allowed at a time.
- 9. A tagged union (also called a variant, variant record, discriminated union, or disjoint union) contains an additional field indicating its current type A set is an abstract data structure that can store certain values, without any particular order, and no repeated values. An object contains a number of data fields, like a record, and also a number of subroutines for accessing or modifying them, called methods. “Wikipedia”