Decolonization Overview
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Between the 1920s and 1980s, many regions in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East gained independence from European imperial dominance through various processes. Decolonization occurred as Europeans withdrew from colonies, revolutions overthrew European rule, and non-violent independence movements succeeded. Factors like education, information, nationalism, and wars weakened European superiority and questioned colonialism, leading to new independent nation-states. However, problems from economic dependency to internal conflicts remained in some of the newly independent countries.
Decolonization Overview
- 1. Decolonization/ Independence movements in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East 1920s – 1980s
- 3. Overview By the mid-20th century, many REGIONS in Africa, Asia & the Middle East had “freed” themselves from European Imperial dominance. Decolonization = this process
- 6. What happened? European withdrawal Revolutions overthrew Europeans Non-violent Independence Movements
- 7. Causes of Decolonization Education & information acquired by Asians & Africans. World Wars Asians & Africans questioned European superiority War in the colonies Nationalism!
- 8. Decolonization Many different African and Asian groups used a variety of ways to gain independence.
- 11. RESULTS of Decolonization Regions of the world became “independent”; new nation-states were born
- 12. Problems remained (or were they caused by European imperialism?) Economic dependency on the West and other regions of the world.
- 13. the indigenous elite often replaced the colonial elite maintaining a large gap between rich and poor.
- 14. Tribal, racial, religious differences led to conflicts & wars INDIAN PARTITION
- 15. Civil War in Nigeria Tribal-based genocide in Rwanda Civil War in Vietnam