Deep dive into_pc_cooling_2019
- 1. Deep Dive Into PC Cooling Instructor: Bruce Youmans
- 2. Your PC’s Cooling System • Cooling system extremely important! • Overheated electrical components will die. • Heat has to be dissipated outside the case. • Components must operate within safe temperature ranges.
- 3. Overheated PC is Dangerous/Costly • Running a hot PC shortens it’s lifespan! • Leads to irreparable damage and data loss. • Heat degrades your computer's internal organs—the motherboard, CPU, etc. • A hot computer runs slower than a cool one. • Run your PC at a moderate or low temperature.
- 4. What Temperature Is Safe? • Different computer makes and models have varying safe temperature ranges. • Safe operating range depends CPU type, etc. • Good Rule of Thumb: – AMD and Intel CPUs have max temp ratings of 80 C. – Best to keep CPU temp 40 C (idle) and 55 C (load).
- 5. How to Check PC Temperature • Holding a hand over the fan exhaust is useless. • Reboot into BIOS and check for temp monitors. • Use software tools to monitor temperature. http://www.cpuid.com/softwares/hwmonitor.html http://members.dslextreme.com/users/billw/gkrellm/gkrellm.html http://www.techpowerup.com/downloads/1325/real-temp-3-00/ http://www.alcpu.com/CoreTemp/ http://www.almico.com/sfdownload.php
- 6. Keep Your PC From Overheating • Open the case and clean out the dust! • Dust is like a blanket keeps components HOT! • A dusty computer has a reduced lifespan! • NEVER use a vacuum (causes static electricity)! • Use a can of compressed air instead.
- 7. What About the Ambient Temp? • Avoid locating your PC in warm/hot locations • Don’t place laptop on a rug • Don’t close laptop cover for extended periods
- 8. What If Your PC Overheats Anyway? • Don’t remove side of case and run PC “open” • The case is part of the cooling system! • Shutdown PC open and inspect. • Look for disconnected or damaged fans. • Check all heatsinks for damage or dust.
- 9. Air Cooling
- 10. Fan Specifications • Bearing Type: Sleeve, Ball, and Fluid-Dynamic • Lifespan: Based on 40C/50C environment (in hours). • dBA Levels: The noise levels (calculated in dBA) will signify the relative annoyance level of fans. (Note: Fans get noisier as they get older) • Mounting: Axial orientation preferences. (Note: Sleeve bearing fans last longer when mounted vertically due to their internal lubrication system. Ball and fluid dynamic fans are generally axis-neutral.) • CFM: Amount of air moved in Cubic Feet per Minute.
- 11. Sleeve Bearings • Lifespan & Performance: Sleeve bearing fans are the most common and last around 40k hours (4.5 years at 60C). • Noise level: Sleeve fans are quiet at low fan speed. They can develop "whining" noises when mounted horizontal. • Mounting: Sleeve fans are best mounted in a vertical position due to their lubricant system. Sleeve fans will 'wear out' more rapidly when mounted horizontally. • Additionally: Sleeve bearing fans tend to fail catastrophically, often giving no warning signs before death.
- 12. Ball Bearings • Lifespan & Noise: Ball bearings outlast sleeve bearings, averaging 60-75k hours (8.5 years at 60C) of continual use. • Performance: Ball bearings tolerate higher temperatures better than sleeve bearings. Recommended spec for ball bearing operating temperature is below 70C-80C. • Mounting: Ball bearing fans can be mounted in any axial orientation without concern for degradation of lifespan. • Additionally: Cooled server-enterprise environments favor ball bearing fans for their performance and longevity.
- 13. Fluid Dynamic Bearings • Lifespan & Noise: Fluid-dynamic fan bearings have the greatest lifespan 100 – 300K hours (11 - 34 years). • Mounting: Fluid fans can be mounted in any direction. • Performance: Relatively silent while pushing the same or more air (measured in CFM) as other fans. • Additionally: Maglev bearings are another technology that attempts to approach silence in fans.
- 14. Fan Ball Bearings vs. Sleeve Bearings
- 16. Heat Pipe
- 17. Heat Pipe • A closed evaporator-condenser system • Consists of a sealed, hollow tube • Inside walls lined with capillary structure (wick) • Thermodynamic working fluid saturates the pores of the wick in a state of equilibrium between liquid and vapor.
- 18. Heat Pipe • When heat is applied to the heat pipe, the liquid in the wick heats and evaporates. • As the evaporating fluid fills heat pipe hollow center, it diffuses throughout its length. • Condensation of the vapor occurs wherever the temperature is even slightly below that of the evaporation area.
- 19. Heat Pipe • As it condenses, the vapor gives up the heat it acquired during evaporation. • This effective high thermal conductance helps maintain near constant temperatures along the entire length of the pipe. • Attaching a heat sink to a portion of the heat pipe makes condensation take place at this point of heat transfer and establishes a vapor flow pattern.
- 20. Heat Pipe • Capillary action within the wick returns the condensate to the evaporator (heat source) and completes the operating cycle. • This system, proven in aerospace applications, transmits thermal energy at rates hundred of times greater and with a far superior energy- to-weight ratio than can be gained from the most efficient solid conductor.
- 21. www.arctic.ac
- 25. Fan/Heat Pipe Mounting Directions
- 26. Water Cooling
- 27. Water Cooling • Performs better than air or heat pipe cooling. • Water is 2–10 times more effective than air cooling. • Almost mandatory for overclocked systems! • Most often only used to cool CPU. • Can also be used to cool memory!
- 28. Water Cooling Components • Water block • Reservoir • Pump • Radiator and Fans • Fittings • Tubing and Accessories
- 29. Water Block Used to transfer heat from source to liquid. Micro fins increase the cooling surface Channels enable the water flow.
- 30. Reservoir Holds extra water in a loop to allow for air bubbles. Air bubbles are slowly replaced by water as it circulates. Serves as the filling point for liquid coolant. Can be standalone units or come as a pump / reservoir combo.
- 31. Pump The pump is the heart of every liquid cooling loop. Pumps provide circulation by moving the liquid. Pumps consist of a pump motor and pump top. Pumps have both inlet and outlet ports.
- 32. Radiator and Fans Radiator main function is to cool liquid flowing inside the loop. The radiator fins absorb the heat from the water. The fins are cooled by the fans attached to the radiator. Fans must provide high-static pressure and remain quiet!
- 33. Fittings Fittings connect the tubes or pipes with components. Fittings have numerous sizes and shapes. Different fittings for soft and hard tubing. You will always need two fittings for each component.
- 34. Tubing and Accessories Tubes connect every component in the loop. Tubes measured as Outside or Inside Diameter (OD or ID). Make sure the tube size matches with the fitting size. Every tube is marked with both ID and OD numbers. Hard Tubes Soft Tubes