Demographic transition
- 1. The Demographic Transition - REDUX
- 3. Stage 1 •High birth and death rates •Low rate of natural increase •Socioeconomic factors: • Short life expectancy •People have more kids to increase survival of some children
- 4. Stage 2 •High birth rate; death rate starts declining •High rate of natural increase •Socioeconomic factors: • Increasing life expectancy as death rate declines •Medical advances, sanitation improvements, access to food and clean water
- 5. Stage 3 Late Industrial •Birth rate starts declining; death rate continues to decline •Declining rate of natural increase •Socioeconomic factors: • Social changes as people realize don’t need large families •Population growth starts to decline as result
- 6. Stage 4 Post Industrial •Birth rates and death rates both low •Low rate of natural increase (RNI) •Socioeconomic factors: • Access of education and employment for women is associated with low birth rates, as is a higher standard of living.
- 8. The Result The country will transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. The RNI transitions from low, high, declining, to low. The population of a country transitions from low at the start of the demographic transition to high at the end.
- 9. Summary The demographic transition explains the transition of a population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. The changes we see are a result of urbanization and industrialization. The two big socioeconomic changes are: Technological advances – drops in death rates showing everywhere. Changes in social customs resulting in declining birth rates…still waiting.