Design and development of touch screen controlled stairs climbing robot

IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
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Volume: 04 Issue: 06 | June-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 387
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF TOUCH SCREEN CONTROLLED
STAIRS CLIMBING ROBOT
Rammilan Putan Parasram1
, Nilesh Bodne2
1
MTech, Department of Electronics and Communication, Vidarbha Institute of Technology, Nagpur
2
Assistant Professor (MTech. ECE), Vidarbha Institute of Technology, Nagpur
Abstract
This paper presents a method of developing a stairs climbing robot with self balancing chair mounted on the top of the robot. It is
one of the major task in the field of Mechatronics require a mechanical arrangement and electronics based control of the
actuators using wireless technology. In most of the mechanism it is hard to maintain the slope position of the seat while carrying
some goods on it, so taking in action all these condition the robot is to design and develop [1] which will climb on the stairs and
adjust themselves as per environmental condition.
Keywords:- Accelerometer, CC2500, Touch Screen, Microcontroller, Relays
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1. INTRODUCTION
The system is basically based on mechatronics used for
developing a stair climbing robot with self adjustable
attached seat on it based on MEMS (Micro Electro
Mechanical System), CC2500 transreceiver and Touchscreen.
It is really one of the advance and necessary technology
which will be implemented everywhere in future.
It is based on the Microcontroller-ATMega16 and wireless
communication using CC2500-Transreceiver and
Touchscreen. The intelligence for controlling the robot will
be embedded on the [6] AVR series microcontroller
i.e.ATMega16. It will be programmed by using embedded
„C‟ Language.
For self balancing of the seat designed will be controlled
using accelerometer ADXL335 providing a good range of
analog value of different calibration as per the co-ordinates.
2. LITERATURE
Robots have wide history of being in use ever since
industrialization. There has been and ever growing
development in the field which noted in the several records
.In 1938-39 the jointed mechanical arm was invented for
spray painting. When, in 1954 George C. Devol field a U.S.
patent for a programmable method for transferring the article
between different parts of a factory, he wrote: “
The present invention makes available for the first time a
more or less general purpose machine that has universal
application to a vast diversity of application where cyclic
control is desired.” In 1957, cam programmable “pick and
place”, robot was developed by Brown, at the planet
corporation in the USA. In 1967-68 the first wheeled walking
machine using vision and other sensors, were reported. In
1974, the first servomotor actuated and microcomputer
controlled robot were commercially launched and they were
used by NASA to collect samples from the surface of mars.
In 1981, a microprocessor-based pneumatically operated pick
and place Robot was indigenously developed by the author
S.R.DEB in the Production Engineering Department at
Jadavpur University. In 1984, Bhabha Atomatic Research
Central has developed a 6-axes multipurpose Robot, having
weight about 300kg and can move an end-of-arm, load of
10kg, including that of end effecter.
According to Robert J. Schilling tshe robot manipulation has
been read and studied in detail, the various drive
technologies, work envelop of every configuration that has so
far been developed the SCARA, jointed arm configuration,
the various robot specification like number of axes, capacity
by and speed, torque and force analysis has been done.
According to Edwine Wise the robot comprises of
components belonging to several fields like electronic
components it became essential to study in depth about
electronic components like sensors, PCB making,
microprocessors and making of driver circuits was taken in
depth from several sources.
Fig: 1

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Fig: 2 Developed Model
3. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Fig. 3 Transmitter
Fig: 4 Receiver
Fig.3.shows complete block diagram of the working of
controlling unit using touchscreen module interfaced with
microcontroller and data will be transmitted using CC2500
Transreceiver module. Whereas Fig.4 shows the receiver end
which is consisting of a CC2500 Transreceiver module
connected to the microcontroller ATMega16 for serial
Receiving of data. The microcontroller will process the signal
and control the mechanism of the robot as per the [3]
algorithm embedded on it. The [7] accelerometer consisting of
three axis movement recognition, in a co-ordinate of x, y and
z axis, but we are using only two of them x and y. for seat
adjustment surmounted on the top of the robot as per the fig 2.
4. FLOW OF THE SYSTEM
The implementation of the proposed system is shown in fig. 5.
As per the flow chart, first we are initialing the sensor
variables, then wireless initialization will be done for
receiving the data from the [4] transmission end. As per the
condition received it will be further processed by the decision
and control system for controlling the robot as well as
balancing its seat attached on the top of the robot.
Fig 5 Flowchart for the Model
5. TECHNOLOGY USED
In the above model, I have used CC2500 Transreceiver
Module for data communication, whereas Micrcontroller
ATMega16 is used for processing the signal and
Accelerometer is used for self balancing the seat attached on
the system. The major components are given below.
1) ATMega16 Micrcontroller
2) CC2500 Transreceiver Module
3) LCD-16x2 Display
4) GLCD
5) Motor Driver L293D
6) DC Motor -200RPM
7) Metallic Chassis
8) Track belts
9) DC Battery
10) Accelerometer ADXL335
11) Touch Screen
5.1 What is a Touch Screen?
A touchscreen is any monitor, based either on LCD (Liquid
Crystal Display) or CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) technology,
that accepts direct onscreen input. The ability for direct
onscreen input is facilitated by an external (light pen) or an
internal device (touch overlay and controller) that relays the
X,Y coordinates to the computer.
5.2 Resistive Touchscreen Technology
Resistive LCD touchscreen monitors rely ona touch overlay,
which is composed of a flexible top layer and a rigid bottom
layer separated by insulating dots, attached to a touchscreen
controller. The inside surface of each of the two layers is
coated with a transparent metal oxide coating (ITO) that
facilitates a gradient across each layer when voltage is
applied. Pressing the flexible top sheet creates electrical

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contact between the resistive layers, producing a switch
closing in the circuit. The control electronics alternate voltage
between the layers and pass the resulting X and Y touch
coordinates to the touchscreen controller. The touchscreen
controller data is then passed on to the computer operating
system for processing.
5.3 GLCD
Fig: 6
 This LCD module uses a 128x64 liquid crystal
display that support Chinese character , English
characters and even graphics. It is suitable for
interactive work with Adriano. It features a backlit
control, parellel or serial control, contrast adjust. It
can be connect to our interface shield via IDC6
socket and cables.
 The LCD is shipped in Parallel mode in default. The
R9 is used to set the interface mode. To switch to SPI
mode, the R9 resistor need to be moved to R10
5.4 Microcontroller
The purpose of using AVR AT Mega microcontroller is its
advantage of having inbuilt analog to digital converter (ADC)
which are required to obtain feedback from the sensors.
The AVR core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general
purpose working registers. All the 32 registers are directly
connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two
independent registers to be accessed in one single instruction
executed in one clock
Fig: 7
5.5 CC2500 Transreceiver
 Sensor Networks / Data collection.
 Wireless metering.
 Access control / Identity discrimination.
 Home Automation.
 Smart house products / Security Systems.
 Remote control / Remote measurement system.
 Weather stations.
 Multi Slave Communication.
 Up to 250 Device can communicate with each other.
Fig: 8
5.6 Accelerometer
Fig: 9
The ADXL335 is a small, thin, low power, complete 3-axis
accelerometer with signal conditioned voltage outputs. The
product measures acceleration with a minimum full-scale
range of ±3 g. It can measure the static acceleration of
gravity in tilt-sensing applications, as well as dynamic
acceleration resulting from motion, shock, or vibration.
The user selects the bandwidth of the accelerometer using the
CX, CY, and CZ capacitors at the XOUT, YOUT, and ZOUT
pins. Bandwidths can be selected to suit the application, with
a range of 0.5 Hz to 1600 Hz for the X and Y axes, and a
range of 0.5 Hz to 550 Hz for the Z axis.
6. CONCLUSION
As per the proposed model, I have successfully completed the
design and development of the stair climbing robot which can
climbing very easily on stairs by balancing its chair attached
on the system. The accelerometer attached with the circuit

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will define the analog values calibration for its balancing
nature where as [10]CC2500 Transreceiver Module is the
perfect hardware module for wireless communication network
between transmitter and the receiver module. The
mechanically designed and fabricated model is providing a
good rigid structure for carrying the material from one place
to other. Its controlling unit work on [9] RISC structure,
which will provide fast execution of the program embedded
on it. Overall the developed model is working smoothly as per
my research work.
REFERENCES
[1]. S. Guo, T. Fukuda, and K. Asaka, “A new type of fish-
like underwater microrobot,” in IEEE/ASME Trans.
Mechatron., vol. 8, Mar. 2003, pp. 136–141.
[2]. S. Guo, T. Fukuda, and K. Asaka, “Devellopment of
Underwater Microrobot Using ICPF Actuator,” in Int. Conf.
of Robotics and automation, pp. 1829-1834, 1998.
[3]. S. Guo, T. Fukuda, and K. Asaka, “Fish-like Underwater
Microrobot with Multi DOF,” in Int. Symp. on
MICROMECHATRONICS AND HUMAN SCIENCE, pp.63-
68,2001.
[4]. Fukuda, Kawamoto, Arai and Matsuura, "Mechanism
and Swimming Experiment of Micro Mobile Robot in
Water", Proc. IEEE Con. on Robotics and Automation,
Vol.1, pp.814-819, San Diego, California, May 1994.
[5]. Fukuda, Kawamoto, Arai and Matsuura, "Mechanism
and Swimming Experiment of Micro Mobile Robot in
Water", Proc. IEEE Con. on Robotics and Automation,
Vol.1, pp.814-819, San Diego, California, May 1995..
[6]. http://www.atmel.com/products/microcontrollers/avr/
[7]. Fukuda, Kawamoto, Arai and Matsuura, "Steering
Mechanism of Micro Mobile Robot", Proc. 1995 IEEE Con.
on Robotics and Automation, Vol.1, pp.363-368, Nagoya,
Japan, May.
[8]. Junzhi Yu, Min Tan, Shuo Wang, “Development of a
Biomimetic Robots and Its Control Algorithm,” in IEEE
TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND
CYBERNETICS, VOL. 34, NO. 4, AUGUST 2004.
[9]. Michael G. Borgen, Gregory N. Washington, and Gary
L. Kinzel, “Design and Evolution of a Piezoelectrically
Actuated Miniature Swimming Vehicle,” in IEEE/ASME
TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS, VOL. 8, NO. 1,
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[10]. http://developer.android.com/about/index.html

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