Design of a simple slotted Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for Bluetooth Applications

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
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Design of a simple slotted Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for
Bluetooth Applications
G.Vyshnavi Devi, K.Pramodh Kumar , V. Rama Krishna
Department of ECE, St.Ann’s College of Engineering and Technology,
Chirala, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Abstract - In this paper, the design of small size, low profile
patch antenna is proposed for Bluetooth applications at
2.41GHz frequency withcoaxial feedingtechnique. Thepatchis
Rectangular shaped with slots on the patch. The proposed
antenna resonates at 2.41GHz meeting the requirements of
Bluetooth applications. The proposed antenna isdesignedona
Rogers TMM 4(loss free) substratewithanoverall sizeof58.53
mm×56.53 mm. The importantparameterslikeS11parameters,
VSWR and radiation pattern of the proposed antenna are
presented.
Key Words: Patchantenna,Bluetooth,S11parameters,
Radiation pattern.
1.INTRODUCTION
Microstrip antennas are designed to have many
geometrical shapes and dimensions but rectangular and
circular microstrip patches have been used in many
application. The microstrip patch antenna consists of
conducting patch on a ground plane separated by
dielectric substrate. With the help of slots, the size of
microstrip patch antenna has been reduced. This effect
has been done by changing the path of the current.When
the slots are cut on the patch the path of the current is
changed. Current travels extra path as compare to the
without slot of microstrip antenna. With this concept the
size of the antenna is reduced i.e. small size antenna has
been used at lower frequency. The operation principal of
the antenna is investigated using the coaxial feeding
technique. The conducting patch can be taking any shape
but rectangular shape configurations are the most length
of the antenna is nearly half wavelength in the dielectric,
which governs the resonant frequency of the antenna.
The Bluetooth technology provides a means of
short range of wireless connections between electronic
devices like mobile devices, computers and many others
thereby exchanging data, voice, and video. The rapid
increase in communication standards has led to great
demand for antennas with low cost, low profile and size,
ease of fabrication and ease of integration with the
parent device. Microstrip patch antennas are widely used
for many wireless applications due to their light weight,
compactness, easy to integrate and ease of fabrication.
Due to these advantages, microstrip antennas are widely
used for the current wireless applications. Microstrip
patch antenna are used for mobile phones, satellites,
radio, radars, global positioning system (GPS), television,
multiple input multiple output (MIMO), radio frequency
identification (RFID),medical imaging and guidance of
missiles are few examples of the military and industrial
applications. The first Microstrip Patch Antenna was
reported by Deschamp [1] and the first experimental
study of Microstrip Patch Antenna was reported by
Howell [2]. However, the microstrip patch antennas offer
narrow impedance bandwidth and numerous techniques
have been investigated and reported to enhance
impedance bandwidth. These techniques include
employing slot at the patch antenna such as the square-
ring slot [3] and U-shaped slot [4] etc.. Other methods to
increase the operation bandwidth of antennas include
meanderedgroundplane [5], electromagnetically coupled
stacked patch [6], patch antenna with integrated band
pass filter [7], gap-coupledfeed[8]andoptimally designed
impedance matching network [9,10] etc. However, these
techniques follow increasedsystem cost andcomplication
of the system.
In the present work, a slotted Rectangular
microstrip patch antenna is proposed. This antenna
resonates at 2.41GHz which is used for Bluetooth
applications. It produces a return loss of -15.90 dB and
VSWR of 1.38. In section 2, the proposed antenna
geometry is presented. Insection3, the simulationresults
are presented. In section 4, the parametric study of the

proposed antenna is presented by changing the Length,
height and width of rectangular patch antenna.
2. GEOMETRY OF MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA
Methodstofeedmicrostripantennaaremicrostripline,
coaxial probe, aperture coupling and proximity
coupling [9]. In this design coaxial probe feed
technique is used as it is advantageous in small size
applications.
The relation between the resonant frequency
and the dimensions of the antenna are given using the
following formulae.
1: Calculation of the Width (W) -
(1)
2: Calculation of the Effective Dielectric constant.
This is based on the height, dielectric constant of the
dielectric and the calculated width of the patch
antenna.
(2)
3: Calculation of the Effective length
(3)
4: Calculation of the length extension ΔL
(4)
5: Calculation of actual length of the patch
(5)
3. ANTENNA DESIGN
The geometry of proposed Rectangular microstrip
patch antenna is shown in Figure 1. All the dimensions
are taken in mm.
Figure 1: Proposed slotted Rectangular microstrip
patch antenna
The shape of the patch is designed in such a
way that it can resonate at 2.41GHz, which is the
operating frequency for Bluetooth applications. The
patch has a rectangular slot having the length, height,
width which is shown in the figure. To resonate the
antenna at 2.41GHz the length, height, width of the
rectangular slot1 are taken as 1mm, 4mm, 0.1mm
respectively and the length, height, width of

rectangular slot2 is taken as 10mm, 1mm, 0.1mm
respectively and rectangular slot3 is transverse of
rectangular slot1.
Here, the substrate selected for the design of
the proposed antenna is Rogers TMM 4(loss free) of
width 0.8 mm and with low permittivity (εr=4.5). The
dimensions of the substrate are taken as 56.53 × 56.53
× 0.8 mm3. The size of the ground is 56.53 × 56.53 ×0.8
mm3.
Microstrip patch antennas can be fed by a
variety of methods. These methods are classified into
two categories which are contacting (direct) and non-
contacting. Here the whole system is fed by a co-axial
probe as it is simpler to implement.
4. SIMULATION RESULTS
The simulation results for the proposed antenna
are shown in the Figure 2. The reflection coefficient is
shown in Figure 2(a). The antenna resonates at
2.41GHz with return loss of 15.90 dB.The VSWR plot is
shownin Figure 2(b) and the VSWR is1.38at2.41GHz.
The Radiation pattern is shown in Figure 2(c) at
phi=900.
.
Figure 2(a): Return loss of the proposed
antenna
Figure 2(b): VSWR plot of the proposed
antenna
Figure 2(c): Radiation pattern of the
proposed antenna
Figure 2: Simulation Results of the
proposed antenna
6. CONCLUSION
A Rectangular microstrip patch antenna with slot
has been designed and simulated, which can be used
forBluetoothapplications.Theperformanceproperties
are analyzed for the optimized dimensions and the
proposed antenna works well at the required 2.41GHz
Bluetooth frequency band.

7. References
[1] G. A. Deschamps "Microstrip microwave
antennas," 3rd USAF Symposium on Antennas,
1953.
[2] J. Q. Howell “Microstrip antennas,” IEEE Antenna
Propag Soc Int Symp, Vol. 20 pp. 177–18, 1980.
[3] S. Sadat, M. Fardis, F. Geran, and G. Dadashzadeh,
"A compact microstrip square-ring slot antenna
for UWB applications," Progress In
Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 67, 173–
179,2007.
[4] K. F. Lee, K. M. Luk, K. F. Tong, S. M. Shum, T.
Huyn and R. Q. Lee, “Experimental and
Simulation Studies of the Coaxially Fed U–slot
Rectangular Patch” IEEE Proceedings of
Microwave Antenna Propagation, Vol. 144, No. 5,
October 1997, pp. 354–358.
[5] J. S. Kuo and K. L. Wong, “A Compact Microstrip
Antenna with Meandering Slots in the Ground
Plane,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters,
Vol. 29, No.2, April 20 2001, pp. 95–97.
[6] H. R. Hassani and D. M Syahkal, “Study of
Electromagnetically Coupled Stacked
Rectangular Patch Antenna,”IEEE Proceedings of
Microwave Antenna Propagation, Vol. 142, No.
1,February 1995, pp. 1–15.
[7] M. H. Badjian, C. K. Chakrabarty, C. H. Goh and
S.Devkumar, “An Impulse UWB Patch Antenna
with Integrated Bandpass Filter,” Proceedings of
the 6th National Conference on
Telecommunication Technologies and the 2th
Malaysia Conference on Photonics, Putrajaya,26–
28.
[8] P. S. Hall, “Probe Compensation in Thick
Microstrip Patches,”Electronics Letter, Vol. 23,
No.11, 1987, pp. 606–607.
[9] H. F. Pues and A. R. Van De Capelle, “An
Impedance-Matching Technique for Increasing
the Bandwidth of Microstrip Antennas,” IEEE
Transactions on Antennas Propagation, Vol. 37.
No. 11, November 1989, pp. 1345–1354.
[10] K. W. Loi, S. Uysal and M. S. Leong, “Design of
Wideband Microstrip Bowtie PatchAntenna,”
Proceedings of Institute Electrical Engineering
Microwave Antenna Propagation,Vol. 145, No. 2,
1998, pp. 137–140.
BIOGRAPHIES
G.Vyshnavi Devi, Studying B.Tech
3rd Year in St.Ann’s College of
Engineering and Technology,
K.Pramodh Kumar, Studying
B.Tech 3rd Year in St.Ann’s College
of Engineering and Technology,
V.Rama Krishna, Studying B.Tech
3rd Year in St.Ann’s College of
Engineering and Technology,
2nd
Author
Photo
3rd
Author
Photo
1’st
Author
Photo

Design of a simple slotted Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for Bluetooth Applications

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