Development of heart and fetal circulation
- 1. P R E S E N T E D B Y : D R . M A H E S H Y A D A V ( P . G . ) R E F E R E N E C E ( N E L S O N 2 1 T H S O U T H I N D I A A S I A E D I T I O N A N D I N D E R B I R S I N G H T E X T B O O K O F E M B R Y O L O G Y ) DEVELOPMENT OF HEART AND FETAL CIRCULATION
- 2. PRE TEST Name the first seen heart ? What is series of dilatation and significance ? What is foramen ovale ? What is spiral septum and its significance? Name acyanotic congenital heart diseases ? Name cyanotic heart diseses ? What is ductus arteriosus and what will happen if it not closed after birth ?
- 3. INTRODUCTION CHANGES IN SINU-ATRIAL ORIFICE FORMATION OF ATRIA FORMATION OF INTER ATRIAL SEPTUM DEVELOPMENT OF RIGHT ATRIUM AND LEFT ATRIUM DEVELOPMET OF VENTRICLES DEVELOPMENT OF INTER VENTRICULAR SEPTUM FETAL CIRCULATION CHANGES AFTER BIRTH IN CIRCULATION
- 4. INTRODUCTION It is splanchnopleuric mesodermal in origin , from the cardiogenic area . First seen in the from of two Endothelial heart tubes – Right and left . These endothelial tubes fuse together to form a single tube which shows series of dilation 1. Bulbus cordis 2. Ventricle 3. Atrium 4. Sinus venosus
- 8. FORMATION OF A.V. CUSHION
- 9. FORMATION OF INTER ATRIAL SEPTUM
- 10. DEVELOPMENT OF RIGHT ATRIUM The main part of the right atrium is developed from the half of the primitive atrium . The sinus venosus is absorbed into the right atrium by great enlargement of the sino atrial orrifice . The right half of the atrio ventricular canal is also absorbed into the right atrium .
- 12. DEVELOPMENT OF LEFT ATRIUM 1. Left half of the primitive atrial chamber . 2. Left half of the atrio- ventricular canal . 3. Absorbed proximal parts of the pulmonary veins .
- 16. CONGENITAL ANAMOLY OF THE HEART 1. ACYANOTIC CONEGENITAL HEART DISEASE(LEFT TO RIGHT SHUNT o PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS o ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT o VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT o COARTICATION OF AORTA
- 17. 2. CYANOTIC CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE o TETRALOGY OF FALLOT o TRANSPOSITION OF GREAT ARTERIES o TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS o TRICUSPID ATRESIA
- 18. FETAL CIRCULATION DEFINITION: The fetal circulation is the circulatory system of a human fetus, often encompassing the entire fetoplacental circulation which includes the umbilical cord and the blood vessels within the placenta that carry fetal blood.
- 19. PATHWAY Placenta Umbilical Vein Umbilical Arteries Liver Ductus Venosus Inferior Venacava Right Atrium Foramen Ovale Right Lung Arch of Aoarta Ductus Arteriosus Left Atrium Left Ventricle Right Ventricle Portal Vein
- 20. Umbilical Cord 2umbilical arteries: return non-oxygenated blood, fecal waste, CO2 to placenta 1umbilical vein: brings oxygenated blood and nutrients to the fetus
- 21. PATHWAY Oxygenated blood from the placenta through umbilical vein fetus liver Receives deoxygenated blood from the portal vein through ductus venosus Inferior vena cava Right atrium of heart through foramen ovale Left atrium of the heart Left ventricle of the heart
- 22. During ventricular systole Left ventricular blood Right ventricular blood pumped with < o2 content Ascending aorta and distributed is discharged by their branches to the heart, Pulmonary arteries head,neck,brain,arms. Ductus arteriosus Descending aorta Hypogastric arteries Umbilical arteries Placenta
- 23. During fetal life 350ml per kg per min Cardiac Output Following birth 500ml per min Heart Rate 120-140per min
- 24. At birth Clamping the cord shuts down low-pressure system Increased atmospheric pressure(increased systemic vascular resistance) causes lungs to inflate with oxygen Lungs now become a low-pressure system
- 25. CHANGES IN THE FETAL CIRCULATION AFTER BIRTH Shunt Functional closure Anatomical closure Remnant Ductus arteriosus 10 – 96 hrs after birth 2 – 3 wks after birth Ligamentum arteriosum Formamen ovale Within several mins after birth One year after birth Fossa ovalis Ductus venosus Within several mins after birth 3 – 7 days after birth Ligamentum venosum
- 26. THANK U