1. Developmental Stage Characteristics
1. Pre-natal
(Conception to birth)
Age when hereditary endowment and
sex are fixed and all body features, both
external and internal are developed.
2. Infancy
(Birth to 2 years)
Foundation age when basic behaviors
are organized and many ontogenetic
maturation skills are developed.
3. Early Childhood
(2 to 6 years)
Pre-gang age, exploratory, and
questioning. Language and Elementary
reasoning are acquired and initial
socialization is experienced.
4. Late Childhood
(6 to 12 years)
Gang and creativity age when self-help
skills, social skills, school skills, and play
are developed.
2. Developmental Stage Characteristics
5. Adolescence
(puberty to 18 years)
Transition age from childhood to
adulthood when sex maturation and
rapid physical development occur
resulting to changes in ways of feeling,
thinking and acting.
6. Early Adulthood
(18 to 40 years)
Age of adjustment to new patterns of life
and roles such as spouse, parent and
bread winner.
7. Middle Age
(40 years to retirement)
Transition age when adjustments to initial
physical and mental decline are
experienced.
8. Old Age
(retirement to death)
Retirement age when increasingly rapid
physical and mental decline are
experienced.
3. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES
Human development focuses on
human growth and changes
across the lifespan, including
physical, cognitive, social,
intellectual, perceptual,
personality and emotion growth.
4. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES
Human development focuses on
human growth and changes
across the lifespan, including
physical, cognitive, social,
intellectual, perceptual,
personality and emotion growth.
5. Havighurst’s Developmental Tasks During the Life Span
Robert J. Havighurst elaborated on the
Developmental Tasks Theory in the most systematic
and extensive manner. His main assertion is that
development is continuous throughout the entire
lifespan, occurring in stages, where the individual
moves from one stage to the next by means of
successful resolution of problems or performance
of developmental tasks.
6. The developmental Tasks Summary Table
Infancy and Early Childhood
(0-5)
Middle Childhood
(6-12)
Adolescence
(13-18)
Learning to walk
Learning to take solid foods
Learning to talk
Learning to control the
elimination of body wastes
Learning sex differences and
sexual modesty
Acquiring concepts and
language to describe social
and physical reality
Readiness for reading
Learning to distinguish right
from wrong and developing a
conscience
Learning physical skills
necessary for ordinary games
Building a wholesome attitude
toward oneself
Learning to get along with age-
mates
Learning an appropriate sex
role
Developing fundamental skills
in reading, writing, and
calculating
Developing concepts
necessary for everyday living
Developing conscience,
morality, and a scale of values
Achieving personal
independence
Developing acceptable
attitudes toward society
Achieving mature relations with
both sexes
Achieving a masculine or
feminine social role
Accepting one’s physique
Achieving emotional
independence of adults
Preparing for marriage and
family life
Preparing for an economic
career
Acquiring values and an ethical
system to guide behavior
Desiring and achieving socially
responsibility behavior
7. The developmental Tasks Summary Table
Early Adulthood
(19-30)
Middle Adulthood
(30-60)
Late Maturity
(61-)
• Selecting a mate
• Learning to live with a
partner
• Starting a family
• Rearing children
• Managing a home
• Starting an occupation
• Assuming responsibility
Helping teenage children to
become happy and
responsible adults
Achieving adult social and
civic responsibility
Satisfactory career
achievement
Developing adult leisure
time activities
Relating to one’s spouse as
a person
Accepting the physiological
changes of middle age
Adjusting to aging parent
Adjusting to decreasing
strength and health
Adjusting to retirement and
reduced income
Adjusting to death of
spouse
Establishing relations with
one’s own age group
Meeting social and civic
obligations
Establishing satisfactory
living quarters
8. The challenges of Middle
and late Adolescence
Module 4
Personal Development
9. Objectives:
1. Discuss how facing the challenges during adolescence, you
may able to clarify and manage the demands of teen years,
2. Express your feelings on the expectations of the significant
people around you, such as your parents, siblings, friends,
teachers, community leaders, and
3. Make affirmations that help you become more lovable and
capable as an adolescent.
Successful people are always looking for opportunities to help others.
Unsuccessful people are always asking: “What’s in it for me?” – Brian Tracy
10. The passage to adulthood:
Challenges of Late Adolescence
Physical Development
Most girls have completed the physical changes related
to puberty by age 15.
Boys are still maturing and gaining strength, muscle mass,
and height and are completing the developmental of
sexual traits.
11. Emotional Development
• May stress over school and test scores.
• Is self-involved (may have high expectations and low self-
concept).
• Seeks privacy and time alone.
• Is concerned about physical and sexual attractiveness.
• May complain that parents prevent him or her from doing
things independently.
• Starts to want both physical and emotional intimacy in
relationships.
• The experience of intimate partnerships.
12. Social Development
• shifts in relationship with parents from dependency and
subordination to one that reflects the adolescent’s increasing
maturity and responsibilities in the family and the community.
• Is more and more aware of social behaviors of friends.
• Seek friends that share the same beliefs, values, and interests.
• Friends become more important.
• Starts to have more intellectual interests.
• Explores romantic and sexual behaviors with others.
• Maybe influenced by peers to try risky behaviors (alcohol, smoke,
sex).
13. Mental Development
• Becomes better able to set goals and think in terms of the future.
• Has a better understanding of complex problems and issues.
• Starts develop moral ideals and select role models.
14. Being happy (read)
Activity
1. Read the essay on “being happy”.
2. Choose a phrase , sentence, or paragraph that’s trikes you.
3. Make a slogan or personal declaration on how you can be
committed to self development.
4. Explain your thoughts and feelings about it.
15. • I would rather be happy and glad
Than depressed and sad,
Helpful and always giving
And always happily living.
I enjoy being honest and truthful
And always feeling very youthful,
And always being there
To give both my love and my care.
I enjoy being everyone's equal
And not their sequel,
I enjoy that I never do judge
Unto no one do I hold a grudge.
I would rather pick you up from the ground
Than to ever let you down,
And I enjoy from happiness to wear a smile
Than from hate and tricks to wear guile.
I'd rather give you the shirt off my back
16. • Than from hate and tricks to wear guile.
I'd rather give you the shirt off my back
Than to see you ever wear a sack,
I would even give you my shoes
If a long journey you did choose.
I would rather call you my friend
By the days very end,
Even if you I do barely know
I will not think or ever call you my foe.
Of no one am I ever ashamed
No ones being will ever go unclaimed
And I would be proud of you at my side
Even if you felt you had everything to hide.
I would rather be all alone
Even ignored and not ever known,
Than to argue or fight or to be mad
I would rather just be happy and glad.
Editor's Notes
#3:The study of human developmental stages is essential to understanding how human learn, mature, and adapt. Throughout their lives, humans go through various stages of development.
#4:The human being is either in a stage of growth or decline, but either condition imparts change. Some aspects of our life change very little over time, are consistent. Other aspects change dramatically. By understanding these changes, we can better respond and plan ahead effectively.
