Digestive system animals
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The document summarizes three main types of digestive systems: 1) Ruminant systems like those in cattle and sheep have multi-chambered stomachs and use microbial fermentation in the rumen to digest plant matter. 2) Monogastric systems like in humans and pigs have a simple stomach and rely on enzymes and acid digestion. 3) Hindgut fermenters like horses have a simple stomach but very large and complex large intestine where cellulose is broken down by symbiotic bacteria.
Digestive system animals
- 1. Digestive System (animals) M . VA S Q U E Z B I O S C I E
- 2. Introduction Three (3) basic types of digestive systems according to their stomachs : ►Monogastric – simple stomach. ►Ruminant (cranial fermentor) – multi-compartmented stomachs. ►Hind gut (caudal) fermentor – simple stomach, but very large and complex large intestine
- 4. Types of Digestive Systems • Are divided into three groups based on their food sources 1. Herbivores- are animals that eat plants exclusively 2. Carnivores- are animals that eat other animals 3. Omnivores- are animals that eat both plants and other animals
- 5. Ruminant (foregut) • Animals with complex digestive systems • Capable of digesting material with a high fiber concentration • Uses microbial fermentation - Cattle - Sheep - Goats - Deer
- 6. Ruminants are mammals that are able to acquire nutrients from plant-based food by fermenting it in a specialized stomach prior to digestion, principally through microbial actions. The rumen is one of four stomach compartments found in ruminants. Ruminants are animals such as cattle, sheep, goats and deer. (In comparison, animals such as pigs, dogs and horses have only a single stomach compartment and are called nonruminants, or monogastric animals.) The rumen allows grazing animals to digest cellulose, a very common carbohydrate in plants.
- 8. Ruman • Largest of the four parts “room-in-it” • Filled with bacteria • Converts large amounts of roughage to amino acids Ruman Microbe
- 9. Mouth - Bites and chews Esophagus - Connection Four Compartment Stomach - rumen - reticulum - omasum - Abmasum 85% capacity
- 10. Ruman Microbe • The large microbe is a type of protist • The creature that looks like a tadpole attached to the side of the protist is a fungal spore • The smaller, rod-shaped organism lining the underside of the protist are bacteria.
- 11. Parts and Functions Reticulum Compartment where liquid goes Honeycomb in structure Omasum Grinds and squeezes Removes some liquid Abomasum “True stomach” Enzymes and acids
- 12. Small Intestine • Partially digested feed is mixed - Bile - Pancreatic Juice - intestinal Juice • Most of the food nutrient is absorbed - Villi or Papillae Large Intestine • Main function is to absorbed water • Add mucus to undigested feed - Feces
- 13. Monogastric Simple digestive system - A monogastric organism has a simple single-chambered stomach - Feed must be highly quality concentrates - Cannot digest large amount of fiber • human • Dogs • Cats • rabbits • pigs
- 14. Parts & Functions • Mouth • Esophagus • Stomach - Enzymes acts on feed - Churns and mixes • Small intestine • Large intestine
- 15. Accessory system • Liver Produces bile that acts on fat • Pancreas Produces insulin • Anus End of the digestive tract
- 17. Hindgut fermentation • Hindgut fermentation is a digestive process seen in monogastric herbivores, animals with a simple, single-chambered stomach. • The hindgut (or epigaster) is the posterior (caudal) part of the alimentary canal. In mammals, it includes the distal third of the transverse colon and the splenic flexure, the descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum. • Hindgut fermenters generally have a cecum and large intestine that are much larger and more complex than those of a foregut or midgut fermenter.
- 18. Hindgut fermentation is a digestive process seen in monogastric herbivores, animals with a simple, single- chambered stomach. Cellulose is digested with the aid of symbiotic bacteria. Hindgut fermenters generally have a cecum and large intestine that are much larger and more complex than those of a foregut or midgut fermenter.