Diving into HHVM Extensions (Brno PHP Conference 2015)
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James Titcumb's presentation at the 2015 BRPHP conference discusses creating HHVM extensions, starting with an overview of HHVM features and structure. The document provides specific code examples for developing a simple HHVM extension, debugging techniques, and integrating C++ into extensions. Additionally, it offers resources for further learning on HHVM extension development.
![Compile & run the test
#!/bin/bash
hphpize
cmake . && make
/usr/bin/hhvm
-d extension_dir=.
-d hhvm.extensions[]=calc.so
test.php](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/151114-divingintohhvmextensionsbrnophpconference2015-151114114718-lva1-app6891/85/Diving-into-HHVM-Extensions-Brno-PHP-Conference-2015-30-320.jpg)
![Run with gdb
$ gdb --args
/usr/bin/hhvm
-d extension_dir=.
-d hhvm.extensions[]=calc.so
test.php
GNU gdb (Ubuntu 7.9-1ubuntu1) 7.9
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.
org/licenses/gpl.html>
--- snip ---
Reading symbols from /usr/bin/hhvm...done.
(gdb)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/151114-divingintohhvmextensionsbrnophpconference2015-151114114718-lva1-app6891/85/Diving-into-HHVM-Extensions-Brno-PHP-Conference-2015-49-320.jpg)
![Breakpoints
(gdb) b ext_calc.cpp:6
No source file named ext_calc.cpp.
Make breakpoint pending on future shared library load? (y or [n]) y
Breakpoint 1 (ext_calc.cpp:6) pending.
(gdb)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/151114-divingintohhvmextensionsbrnophpconference2015-151114114718-lva1-app6891/85/Diving-into-HHVM-Extensions-Brno-PHP-Conference-2015-50-320.jpg)
![Running
(gdb) r
Starting program: /usr/bin/hhvm -d extension_dir=. -d hhvm.extensions[]
=calc.so smoke.php
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1".
Breakpoint 2, HPHP::f_calc_add (a=5, b=3) at /home/james/workspace/hhvm-
calc/ext_calc.cpp:6
6 return a + b;
(gdb) p a
$1 = 5
(gdb) p b
$2 = 3
(gdb)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/151114-divingintohhvmextensionsbrnophpconference2015-151114114718-lva1-app6891/85/Diving-into-HHVM-Extensions-Brno-PHP-Conference-2015-51-320.jpg)
Diving into HHVM Extensions (Brno PHP Conference 2015)
- 1. Diving into HHVM Extensions James Titcumb BrnoPHP Conference 2015
- 2. James Titcumb www.jamestitcumb.com www.roave.com www.phphants.co.uk www.phpsouthcoast.co.uk @asgrim Who is this guy?
- 3. First, some background... source: Microsoft
- 7. How PHP works PHP code OpCache Execute (VM) Lexer + Parser Compiler
- 8. How HHVM works PHP code OpCache Execute (VM) Lexer + Parser Compiler JIT Execute (Native)
- 9. Hack features ● Return/parameter type hints ● ?nullable ● Collections (Vectors, Sets, Maps, etc.) ● Async functions ● Enums ● Generics ● Lambda expressions ==> ● XHP ● more stuff
- 19. Compile HHVM?
- 21. My First HHVM Extension™
- 23. ext_calc.cpp #include "hphp/runtime/ext/extension.h" namespace HPHP { static class CalcExtension : public Extension { public: CalcExtension(): Extension("calc") {} virtual void moduleInit() {} } s_calc_extension; HHVM_GET_MODULE(calc); } // namespace HPHP
- 24. ext_calc.cpp #include "hphp/runtime/ext/extension.h" namespace HPHP { static class CalcExtension : public Extension { public: CalcExtension(): Extension("calc") {} virtual void moduleInit() {} } s_calc_extension; HHVM_GET_MODULE(calc); } // namespace HPHP
- 25. ext_calc.cpp #include "hphp/runtime/ext/extension.h" namespace HPHP { static class CalcExtension : public Extension { public: CalcExtension(): Extension("calc") {} virtual void moduleInit() {} } s_calc_extension; HHVM_GET_MODULE(calc); } // namespace HPHP
- 26. ext_calc.cpp #include "hphp/runtime/ext/extension.h" namespace HPHP { static class CalcExtension : public Extension { public: CalcExtension(): Extension("calc") {} virtual void moduleInit() {} } s_calc_extension; HHVM_GET_MODULE(calc); } // namespace HPHP
- 27. ext_calc.cpp #include "hphp/runtime/ext/extension.h" namespace HPHP { static class CalcExtension : public Extension { public: CalcExtension(): Extension("calc") {} virtual void moduleInit() {} } s_calc_extension; HHVM_GET_MODULE(calc); } // namespace HPHP
- 30. Compile & run the test #!/bin/bash hphpize cmake . && make /usr/bin/hhvm -d extension_dir=. -d hhvm.extensions[]=calc.so test.php
- 31. Compile & run the test $ ./build.sh bool(true) $
- 32. Hack it!
- 35. ext_calc.cpp #include "hphp/runtime/ext/extension.h" namespace HPHP { static class CalcExtension : public Extension { public: CalcExtension(): Extension("calc") {} virtual void moduleInit() { loadSystemlib(); } } s_calc_extension; HHVM_GET_MODULE(calc); } // namespace HPHP
- 36. ext_calc.php <?hh function calc_sub(int $a, int $b): int { return $a - $b; }
- 38. Compile & run the test $ ./build.sh bool(true) int(2) $
- 39. Sprinkle some C++ in for good measure
- 40. ext_calc.cpp // ... SNIP ... virtual void moduleInit() { HHVM_FE(calc_add); loadSystemlib(); } // ... SNIP ...
- 41. ext_calc.cpp // ... SNIP ... static int64_t HHVM_FUNCTION(calc_add, int64_t a, int64_t b) { return a + b; } // ... SNIP ...
- 42. in php extensions... PHP_FUNCTION(calc_add) { // ... SNIP ... #ifndef FAST_ZPP if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS(), "ll", &a, &b) == FAILURE) { return; } #else ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_START(2, 2) Z_PARAM_LONG(a) Z_PARAM_LONG(b) ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_END(); #endif // ... SNIP ...
- 43. ext_calc.php <?hh <<__Native>> function calc_add(int $a, int $b): int; function calc_sub(int $a, int $b): int { return $a - $b; }
- 44. … that’s it. <?php var_dump(extension_loaded('calc')); var_dump(calc_sub(5, 3)); var_dump(calc_add(5, 3)); test.php
- 45. Compile & run the test $ ./build.sh bool(true) int(2) int(8) $
- 46. Debugging?!
- 48. Add debug mode #!/bin/bash hphpize cmake -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="-O0 -ggdb3" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-O0 -ggdb3" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug . make # ... SNIP ...
- 49. Run with gdb $ gdb --args /usr/bin/hhvm -d extension_dir=. -d hhvm.extensions[]=calc.so test.php GNU gdb (Ubuntu 7.9-1ubuntu1) 7.9 Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu. org/licenses/gpl.html> --- snip --- Reading symbols from /usr/bin/hhvm...done. (gdb)
- 50. Breakpoints (gdb) b ext_calc.cpp:6 No source file named ext_calc.cpp. Make breakpoint pending on future shared library load? (y or [n]) y Breakpoint 1 (ext_calc.cpp:6) pending. (gdb)
- 51. Running (gdb) r Starting program: /usr/bin/hhvm -d extension_dir=. -d hhvm.extensions[] =calc.so smoke.php [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled] Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1". Breakpoint 2, HPHP::f_calc_add (a=5, b=3) at /home/james/workspace/hhvm- calc/ext_calc.cpp:6 6 return a + b; (gdb) p a $1 = 5 (gdb) p b $2 = 3 (gdb)
- 52. Handy commands c continue / step out n step over s step into p x print the value of a variable (x) set x = y set a variable (x) to value (y) bt print backtrace q quit :)
- 53. When NOT to write extensions
- 54. When to write extensions
- 55. BUCKLE UP.
- 57. Integrating OpenGL into an HHVM extension
- 58. Don’t try this in production!
- 59. srsly.
- 61. What I did
- 63. huh?!
- 64. Make it OOOOOOO
- 65. ext_foo.php <?hh <<__NativeData("Foo")>> class Foo { <<__Native>> public function bar(): int; }
- 68. HHVM Universe <?php $o = new Foo(); $o->bar(); PHP Land class Foo { public: Foo() {} ~Foo() {} int value = 5; } Planet C++ int64_t HHVM_METHOD(Foo,bar) { auto data = Native::data<Foo>(this_); return data->value; } Time Vortex!?!?! C++ object !== PHP object
- 69. HHVM Universe <?php $o = new Foo(); $o->bar(); PHP Land class Foo { public: Foo() {} ~Foo() {} int value = 5; } Planet C++ int64_t HHVM_METHOD(Foo,bar) { auto data = Native::data<Foo>(this_); return data->value; } Time Vortex!?!?! C++ object !== PHP object
- 70. HHVM Universe <?php $o = new Foo(); $o->bar(); PHP Land class Foo { public: Foo() {} ~Foo() {} int value = 5; } Planet C++ int64_t HHVM_METHOD(Foo,bar) { auto data = Native::data<Foo>(this_); return data->value; } Time Vortex!?!?! C++ object !== PHP object
- 71. HHVM Universe <?php $o = new Foo(); $o->bar(); PHP Land class Foo { public: Foo() {} ~Foo() {} int value = 5; } Planet C++ int64_t HHVM_METHOD(Foo,bar) { auto data = Native::data<Foo>(this_); return data->value; } Time Vortex!?!?! C++ object !== PHP object
- 72. this slide is intentionally left blank
- 73. ext_foo.php <?hh class Foo { private int $value public function bar(): int { return $this->value; } }
- 74. Demo?
- 77. Resources ● OpenGL Tutorial ○ http://www.opengl-tutorial.org/ ● HHVM Example Extension ○ https://github.com/hhvm/extension-example ● Sara Golemon - HHVM extension blog series ○ http://blog.golemon.com/2015/01/hhvm-extension-writing-part-iii.html ● Derick Rethans’ extension API cookbook ○ https://github.com/derickr/hhvm-hni-cookbook ● The official API documentation ○ https://github.com/facebook/hhvm/wiki/Extension%20API ● Journey of a Thousand Bytecodes ○ http://hhvm.com/blog/6323/the-journey-of-a-thousand-bytecodes
- 78. Any questions? :) https://joind.in/16263 James Titcumb @asgrim