Double integrals are used to calculate properties of planar laminas such as mass, center of mass, and moments of inertia by integrating a density function over a region. The inner integral is evaluated first, treating the other variable as a constant. Properties include:
1) Total mass by double integrating the density function over the region.
2) Center of mass coordinates by taking moments about axes and dividing by total mass.
3) Moments of inertia by double integrating the distance squared from an axis times the density.