Dynamic Analysis of Multi-Storeyed Frame-Shear Wall Building Considering SSI

Maikesh Chouhan.et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 8, ( Part -1) August 2016, pp.31-35
www.ijera.com 31 | P a g e
Dynamic Analysis of Multi-Storeyed Frame-Shear Wall Building
Considering SSI
Maikesh Chouhan*, Ravi Kumar Makode**
* (Department of Civil Engineering, Gargi Institute of Science & Technology Bhopal.)
** (Department of Civil Engineering, Amity University Rajasthan Jaipur.)
ABSTRACT
The structural system of a high-rise building often has a more pronounced effect than a low rise building on the
total building cost and the architecture aspect of building. Shear walls are lateral load resisting structural
systems which provide stability to structures from lateral loads like wind and seismic Loads. The design of multi
storey building is to have good lateral load resisting System along with gravity load system for safety of
occupant and for better performance of structure even in most adverse condition. The main scope of this project
is to apply class room knowledge in the real world by designing a multi-storied residential building. Shear walls
are more efficient in resisting lateral loads in multi storied buildings. Steel and reinforced concrete shear walls
are kept in major positions of multi storied buildings which are made in consideration of seismic forces and
wind forces. To solve this purpose shear walls are a very powerful structural elements, if used judiciously can
reduce deflections and stresses to a very great extent. Our project contains a brief description of building with
shear wall and without shear wall thoroughly discussed structural analysis of a building to explain the
application of shear wall. The design analysis of the multi storied building in our project is done through
STAAD-PRO, most popular structural engineering software. It is featured with some ultimate power tool,
analysis and design facilities which make it more users friendly.
Keywords: Shear wall, Building Drift, Response spectrum method, Time period, OMRF, Base shear.
I. INTRODUCTION
Soil-structure interaction (SSI) has been
recognized as an important parameter that may
significantly affect the motion of base, relative
building response and motion of surrounding soil.
Generally building soil interaction consists of two
parts kinematic interaction and dynamic interaction.
The former result of wave nature is excitation and is
manifested through the scattering of incident waves
from foundation system and through filtering effect
of the foundation that may be stiffer than the soil.
Therefore it may not follow the higher frequency
deformations of soil. This interaction depends on
angle of incidence, frequency, type of incident
waves, shape of foundation and depth of foundation.
It develops due to presence of stiff foundation
elements on or in soil cause foundation motion to
deviate from free-field motions. The later is due to
inertia forces of building and of the foundation
which act on soil due to contact area. And it depends
on the mass and height of the building and the mass
and depth of foundation, on the relative stiffness of
soil compared with the building and on the shape of
foundation. It develops in structure due to its own
vibrations which gives rise to base shear and base
moment, which in turn cause displacements of the
foundation relative to free field. At low level of
ground shaking, kinematic effect is more dominant
causing increase of period. Observations from recent
earthquakes have shown that the response of the
foundation and soil can greatly influence the overall
structural response.
II. SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The lateral behavior of the multistory
building designed according to the IS-456 and IS-
1893 part-I is evaluated using dynamic analysis of
framed structures using Response Spectrum Method.
The inadequacies of multi-storied frame shear wall
building are discussed comparing the lateral
behavior, building drift, axial force, and seismic base
shear. Two important parameters zone factor and
Soil-structure interaction (SSI), which influence the
lateral behavior of building is also considered in this
study. Software STAAD-ProV8i is used for this
purpose. In this study number of stories, zone factor
and soil condition are varying parameters.
III. SHEAR WALL
Vertical elements of the horizontal force
resisting system are known as Shear walls. It is
typically wood frame walls covered with a structural
sheathing material like plywood. When the
sheathing is properly fastened to the stud wall
framing, the shear wall can resist forces directed
along the length of the wall. If shear walls are
designed and constructed properly, it will have the
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS

good strength and stiffness to resist the horizontal
forces.
Figure-1 Types of shear wall
IV. METHODS OF ANALYSIS
1. Equivalent Static Analysis
All design against earthquake effects must
consider the dynamic nature of the load. However,
for simple regular structures, analysis by equivalent
linear static methods is often sufficient. This is
permitted in most codes of practice for regular, low-
to medium-rise buildings and begins with An
estimate of peak earthquake load calculated as a
function of the parameters given in the code.
Equivalent static analysis can therefore work well
for low to medium-rise buildings without significant
coupled lateral–torsion modes, in which only the
first mode in each direction is of Significance. Tall
buildings (over, say, 75 m), where second and higher
modes can be important, or buildings with tensional
effects, are much less suitable for the method, and
require more complex methods to be used in these
circumstances.
2. Time History Method
Time-history analysis is a step-by-step
analysis of the dynamical response of a structure to a
specified loading that may vary with time. The
analysis may be linear or non linear. Time history
analysis is used to determine the dynamic response
of a structure to arbitrary loading.
3. Response Spectrum Method
The word spectrum in seismic engineering
conveys the idea that the response of buildings
having a broad range of periods is summarized in a
single graph. For a given earthquake motion and a
percentage of critical damping, a typical response
spectrum gives a plot of earthquake-related
responses such as acceleration, velocity, and
deflection for a complete range, or spectrum, of
building periods
V. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
STAAD-Pro V8i is a comprehensive and
integrated finite element Analysis and design
offering, including a state-of-the-art user interface,
visualization tools, and international design codes. It
is capable of analyzing any structure exposed to
static loading, a dynamic response, wind,
earthquake, and moving loads.
1. Considerations for analysis and design
 Model of buildings are prepared in STAAD Pro
with given loading conditions. To compare the
behavior of the building with shear wall and
without shear wall during lateral condition,
stiffness of column is kept same. Columns are
assumed to have the same size at the particular
storey level.
 Beam of same dimensions are provided.
 Column size is reduced after every three stories
as per requirement of gravity loads.
 Thickness of slab is provided according to the
deflection requirement.
 Dynamic analysis is carried out by placing two
building in all four zones and with three soil
conditions. (For storey drift).
 Response reduction factor „3‟, and importance
factor „1‟ is assumed.
2. Preliminary Data for 12-story building
1 Type of the
Building
Residential Building
2 Number of
Story
G+11
3 Plan
dimensions
40 m x 24 m c/c
2 Length in X-
direction
40 m
3 Length in Y-
direction
24 m
4 Floor to
floor height
3.5 m
5 No. of
Stories
12
6 Total height
of Building
42 m
7 Slab
Thickness
120 mm
8 Shear wall
Thickness
200 mm
9 Grid Beam 230mm x 870 mm
10 Size of the
Column
1-3 story-950 mm x
950 mm
3-6 story- 850 mm x
850 mm

6-9 story-750 mmx750
mm
9-12 story-650
mmx650 mm
11 Grade of
concrete
M25
12 Grade of
Steel
Fe415
13 Zone-II Soil Type 1- Roc k or
hard soil
Soil Type 2- Medium
soil
Soil Type 3 -Soft soil
14 Loading Terrace Remaining
Floors
Dead load
(FF)
1KN/m2
1 KN/m2
Live load 1.5KN/m2
3KN/m2
Wall load 12KN/m 12KN/m
VI. COMPARISON OF ANALYSIS
RESULTS
Graph 1 Seismic base shear in Y-direction for
different soils in zone II
Graph 2 Seismic base shear in Y-direction for
different soils in zone II
Graph 3 Comparison of building drift-X, Zone-II
Soil-2
Graph 4 Comparison of building drift-Y, Zone-II
Soil-2
Graph 5 Axial force in column C1
VII. CONCLUSION
Lateral response of multi storied building is
studied by dynamic analysis. Dynamic
characteristics of the same building are compared
with shear wall building. Change in axial force,
shear force, bending moment, seismic base shear and
building drift due to change in zone factor and soil
conditions are studied.

1. Quantity of Concrete and steel required in shear
wall building is more as compared to without
shear wall building, which makes, it
uneconomical.
2. Base shear of building without shear wall is less
than the base shear in shear wall building for all
types of soil and all earthquake zones.
3. Building drift for all storey of without shear
wall building is about 34 % more than that of
shear wall building
4. Axial force of building without shear wall is
more than as compaired to shear wall building
for column C1 and C4.
5. Graphs clearly shows that Axial force of shear
wall building is more than as compaired to
building whiout shear wall for column C2 and
C3.
6. Graphs clearly shows that due to symetry Axial
force of shear wall building and without shear
wall building for column C1 and C4 are
approximately equal.
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Dynamic Analysis of Multi-Storeyed Frame-Shear Wall Building Considering SSI

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