Mapping cross-domain metadata to the Europeana Data Model (EDM) - EDM introduction
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- The document introduces the Europeana Data Model (EDM), which was created to allow Europeana to ingest metadata from various sources and domains while maintaining granularity and semantics. - EDM uses standards like Dublin Core, CIDOC-CRM, and RDF to distinguish cultural heritage objects from their representations and metadata, and to represent relationships between objects and contextual information. - EDM profiles allow communities to build on EDM to meet their specific needs while maintaining interoperability, and it has been adopted by projects beyond Europeana seeking interoperable metadata.
Mapping cross-domain metadata to the Europeana Data Model (EDM) - EDM introduction
- 1. Introduction to the Europeana Data Model (EDM) 22nd September 2013, TPDL2013, Malta Valentine Charles
- 2. A Collaborative Effort Original principle: make Europeana ready to ingest metadata that is closer to specific community concerns Europeana & partners can develop EDM “profiles” upon which everyone could build specific functionality Based on best practices from sector or domain level EDM is consolidated with partners who re-use it Europeana providers, DPLA, CARARE…
- 3. Metadata interoperability challenges Needs: • Accommodate different data models • Accommodate domain specific requirements • Avoid losing data and keep the best granularity • Co-exist with the original data
- 4. EDM rationale: requirements Richer metadata - finer granularity 1. Distinguish “provided objects” (painting, book, movie, etc.) from their digital representations 2. Distinguish object from its metadata record 3. Allow multiple records for a same object, containing potentially contradictory statements about it 4. Support for objects that are composed of other objects 5. Support for contextual resources, including concepts from controlled vocabularies
- 5. Provide more semantics to the data A semantic layer on top of Cultural Heritage objects
- 6. Provide more semantics to the data Semantic layer provides more context to the metadata Allow the representation of specific relationships • Aboutness • Similarity between objects • Part-whole relation, representation, derivation… Promote the re-use of external resources (available as Linked Data)
- 7. EDM rationale: principles Compatibility with different levels of description 1. Allow different levels of granularity 2. Allow the specificationof domain-specific application profiles 3. Enable the re-use of existing standards
- 8. EDM basis OAI ORE (Open Archives Initiative Object Reuse & Exchange) for organizing an object’s metadata and digital representation(s) Dublin Core for descriptive metadata SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization System) for conceptual vocabulary representation CIDOC-CRM for event and relationships between objects Adopt Semantic Web representation principles (RDF) • Re-use and mix differentvocabularies together • Preserve original data and still allow for interoperability
- 9. Resource Description Framework (RDF) “Les Misérables’’ was written by Victor Hugo
- 10. EDM main classes Groups of things that have common properties, e.g., web resources.
- 11. EDM main properties Attributes or characteristics of resources e.g., a member of the class Agent will have a name.
- 12. EDM basic pattern A data provider submits to Europeana a “bundle” of an object and its digital representation(s)
- 13. An example
- 14. Descriptive metadata for a cultural heritage object The ProvidedCHO is the cultural heritage object which is the subject of the package of data that has been submitted to Europeana. Properties: dc:contributor, dc:creator, dc:date, dc:format, dc:identifier, dc:language, dc:publisher, dc:relation, dc:source, dcterms:alternative, dcterms:extent, dcterms:temporal, dcterms:medium, dcterms:created, dcterms:provenance, dcterms:issued, dcterms:conformsTo, dcterms:hasFormat, dcterms:isFormatOf, dcterms:hasVersion, dcterms:isVersionOf, dcterms:hasPart, dcterms:isPartOf, dcterms:isReferencedBy, dcterms:references, dcterms:isReplacedBy, dcterms:replaces dcterms:isRequiredBy, dcterms:requires, dcterms:tableOfContents, edm:isNextInSequence, edm:isDerivativeOf, edm:currentLocation…
- 16. Digital representations of the object One or more WebResources are provided for the cultural heritage object. Properties: dc:rights edm:rights dc:format dc:description dcterms:isPartOf edm:isNextInSequence…
- 18. Aggregations organise data of a provider The Aggregation represents the set of related resources about one real object contributed by one provider. It carries the metadata that is about the whole set Mandatory: edm:aggregatedCHO edm:dataProvider edm:isShownBy or edm:isShownAt edm:provider edm:rights Optional: edm:hasView edm:object dc:rights edm:ugc
- 20. <edm:ProvidedCHO rdf:about="#UEDIN:214"> <dc:date>Circa 1840</dc:date> <dc:description>Technical description: Brass; ligature fitting on bell section at joint; stockings on main slides. Bell with one coil, angled to face forwards. Repair History: Main slide possibly not original (tenon of slide section of joint is tapered, bell section joint for cylindrical tenon).</dc:description> <dc:identifier>#UEDIN:214</dc:identifier> <dc:title>Buccin trombone. Nominal pitch: B?.</dc:title> <dc:type rdf:resource="http://www.mimo-db.eu/InstrumentsKeywords/4378"/> <edm:type>IMAGE</edm:type> </edm:ProvidedCHO> <edm:WebResource rdf:about="http://www.mimo- db.eu/media/UEDIN/VIDEO/0032195v.mpg"> <edm:rights rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/"/> </edm:WebResource> <ore:Aggregation rdf:about="http://www.mimo-db.eu/UEDIN/214"> <edm:aggregatedCHO rdf:resource="#UEDIN:214"/> <edm:dataProvider>University of Edinburgh</edm:dataProvider> <<edm:provider>MIMO - Musical Instrument Museums Online</edm:provider> <edm:rights rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/"/> </ore:Aggregation>
- 22. Contextual entities Representing (real-world) entities related to a provided object as fully fledged resources, not just strings edm:Agent foaf:name skos:altLabel rdaGr2:biographicalInformation rdaGr2:dateOfBirth skos:Concept skos:prefLabel skos:altLabel skos:broader skos:related skos:definition…. edm:TimeSpan skos:prefLabel dcterms:isPartOf edm:begin edm:end …. edm:Place wgs84_pos:lat wgs84_pos:long skos:prefLabel skos:note dcterms:isPartOf….
- 23. Place example
- 24. Applications of EDM Europeana Portal Europeana Linked Data pilot (data.europeana.eu) EuropeanaAPI Provision of EDM data: MIMO, CARARE, HOPE projects EDM re-use at the Digital Public Library of America, Smithsonian Institute EDM extensions at projects: German Digital Library, Europeana Fashion, Digital Manuscripts to Europeana EDM mapping to Schema.org
- 25. Documentation Main documentation: EDM Definition EDM Primer EDM Mapping guidelines for data providers http://pro.europeana.eu/edm-documentation Other resources: EDM case studies http://pro.europeana.eu/case-studies-edm EDM object templates & XML schema http://europeanalabs.eu/wiki/EDMXMLSchema
- 26. Cases studies
- 27. EDM and data providers’ duties & benefits Mapping the data to EDM has benefits • Closer to original metadata • Data can be contextualized, semantically linked to other data • Allows for richer semantic query expansion & cross-collection browsing
- 28. A mapping to EDM: the CARARE example A three-year project making digital content from the archaeology and architecture heritage domain available to Europeana. Domain-specific metadata schema based on existing standards from the archaeology and architecture domain ( MIDAS Heritage, LIDO & CIDOC CRM) • Heritage Assets • Digital resources • Collections • Activities
- 29. Creating EDM resources from Carare data A CARARE object becomes one or several EDM Provided Cultural Heritage Objects with: • Related web resources • Aggregations • Contextual information about place CARARE’s HeritageAssets always give raise to one EDM ProvidedCHOs with its companion Aggregation edm:ProvidedCHO HA:PamFond/1978155 ore:Aggregation http://store.carare.eu/uid/ii d:1655549/HA:PamFond/ 1978155 Heritage Asset’s identifier PamFond/1978155
- 30. A EDM application profile: the Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) example Need to accommodate data from various domains, using various data standards. Re-uses the EDM classes and properties in addition to the specific DPLA ones.
- 31. An extension for EDM: The DM2E example