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APPLICATION OF DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM
FOR SUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM INTERFACE
DEVICES (SQUID) AT REMOTE LOCATION.
PROJECT TOPIC :

Remote control via the Internet is not a new feature and used in
home automation systems. However, providing a mechanism
for interaction between devices in this environment is quite
challenging. The internet has been mostly used to connect
personal computers so far, but shortly all kinds of appliances
with embedded computers will exchange information over the
Internet

Data acquisition (DAQ) is the process of measuring an electrical or
physical phenomenon such as voltage, current, temperature,
pressure, or sound with a computer. Compared to traditional
measurement systems, PC-based DAQ systems exploit the
processing power, productivity, display, and connectivity capabilities
of industry-standard computers providing a more powerful, flexible,
and cost-effective measurement solution.
What is Data Acquisition?

Figure : Data Acquisition system

SUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE
SQUID
A SQUID (Superconducting Quantum Interference
Device)is the most sensitive type of detector know to
science. Consisting of superconducting loop with two
josephson junction, SQUIDs are used to measure
magnetic fields.

Figure : Superconducting Loop With Josephson Junction (SQUID)

Left: Plot of current vs. voltage for a SQUID. Upper and lower curves correspond to
nΦ0 and (n+1/2)Φ0respectively. Right: Periodic voltage response due to flux through a
SQUID. The periodicity is equal to one flux quantum, Φ0

 The ARM is a 32-bit reduced instruction
set computer (RISC) instruction set
architecture (ISA) developed by ARM
Holdings.
ARM also known as Advance RISC Machine

Why Arm?
Simplicity is the key philosophy behind the ARM design
RISC machine with small
instruction set and
consequently a small gate count.
High Performance
Low power consumption
Small amount of silicon die area.
Open Source Development Tools

T: Thumb
D: On-chip debug support
M: Enhanced multiplier
I: Embedded ICE hardware
T2: Thumb-2
S: Synthesizable code
E: Enhanced DSP instruction
set
J: JAVA support, Janelle
Z: Should be Trust Zone?
F: Floating point unit
H: Handshake, clock less design
for synchronous or
asynchronous design
Application Cores Embedded Cores Secure Cores
ARM720T ARM7EJ-S SecureCore SC100
ARM920T ARM7TDMI Secure Core SC110
ARM922T ARM7TDMI-S SecurCore SC200
ARM926EJ-S ARM946E-S SecurCore SC210
ARM1020E ARM966E-S
ARM1022 ARM968E-S
ARM1026EJ-S ARM996HS
ARM11 MPCore ARM1026EJ-S
ARM1136J(F)-S ARM1156T2(F)-S
ARM1176JZ(F)-S ARM Cortex-M0
ARM Cortex-A8 ARM Cortex-M1
ARM Cortex-A9 ARM Cortex-M3

Development of ARM Architecture
SA-110
ARM7TDMI
4T
1
Halfword
and signed
halfword /
byte support
System
mode
Thumb
instructio
n set
2
4
ARM9TDMI
SA-1110
ARM720T ARM940T
Improved
ARM/Thumb
Interworking
CLZ
5TE
Saturated maths
DSP multiply-
accumulate
instructions
XScale
ARM1020E
ARM9E-S
ARM966E-S
3
Early ARM
architectures
ARM9EJ-S
5TEJ
ARM7EJ-S
ARM926EJ-S
Jazelle
Java bytecode
execution
6
ARM1136EJ-S
ARM1026EJ-S
SIMD Instructions
Multi-processing
V6 Memory
architecture (VMSA)
Unaligned data
support

REGISTER
ARM has 37 registers all of which are 32-bits long.
-1 dedicated program counter
-1 dedicated current program status register
-5 dedicated saved program status registers
-30 general purpose registers

Bus Structure
In LPC2148 three types of busses are used to connect the core with other peripherals
on chip.
1. Local Bus to connect the onchip memory controllers and fast GPIO’s
2. AMBA Advance High Performance Bus (AHB) for interrupt controller
3. VLSI Peripheral Bus (VPB) for other onchip peripherals.
AHB acts as a bridge for VPB.
VPB is mainly meant for connect slower peripherals then that of processor.
VPB can dive the peripherals at ¼ CPU clock frequency.

Memory MAP
To access any
peripheral we
need its
address. The
entire address
space can be
divided in to
several
sections.

Memory Access Module
The MAM block in the LPC2148 maximizes the performance of the ARM
processor when it is running code in Flash memory,

IN SYSTEM PROGRAMMING
ISP
Philips microcontroller
have a great feature
called ISP (In System
Programming).
It enables the user to
flash the
microcontroller with an
ease. In LPC2148 the
ISP mode can be
activated by
maintaining low level
on P0.14 while reset.
ISP COMMONDS

IAP
In-Application (IAP) programming is performing erase and write operation on the
on chip flash memory, as directed by the end-user application code. The boot loader
code provides API to access flash memory from the user program. The API are
called using their codes.
IAP Command Command Code in Decimals
Prepare sector(s) for write operation 50
Copy RAM to Flash 51
Erase sector(s) 52
Blank check sector(s) 53
Read Part ID 54
Read Boot code version 55
Compare 56
Reinvoke ISP 57

PLL Programming
In LPC2148 microcontrollers there are 2 PLLs which provides
programmable frequencies to the CPU and USB system
Programming Steps:
1. Select the desired operating frequency for your system ( Processor
operating
frequency) CCLK.
2. Check the oscillator connected to the controller on board. (FOSC)
3. Calculate the value of PLL multiplier “M”. CCLK = M × FOSC
4. Find the value of PLL Divider “P” in such a way that is in the range of
156 MHz
to 320 MHz. 156 < FCCO < 320 = CCLK x 2 x P
5. Write the values PLLCON and PLLCFG.
6. Write the PLLFEED Values 0xAA and 0x55.
7. Wait for PLL to lock.
8. Connect the PLL.

SOFTWARE DISCRIPTION
KIEL COMPILER
FLASH MAGIC
PROGRAMMING
Flash Magic : provides a Windows based user interface that
is easy and intuitive, which connects to the target via serial
line. Flash Magic is a free, powerful, feature-rich Windows
application that allows easy programming of Philips FLASH
Microcontrollers

HARDWARE TOOLS
a)Microcontroller LPC2148
b)Sensors- temperature sensor , voltage, current sensor,
thermistor.
c)ADC0808
d)LCD
e)GSM modem
f) MAX232
g)Buzzer
h)Fire blowers

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