The document discusses several literary techniques used by William Golding in his novel Lord of the Flies. It describes characterization through Piggy, symbolism with the conch and fire, motifs of pigs and a potential beast, and foreshadowing with the spreading fire. Characterization is shown through Piggy's physical traits and intelligence. The conch represents authority and unity, while the fire symbolizes hope of rescue. Recurring pigs and fears of a beast are motifs. The spreading fire hints at the loss of humanity in the boys.