Enabling Clean Talking
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The document discusses the growing energy demands and carbon emissions from India's telecom sector as the number of mobile towers increases dramatically, and proposes a plan to transition 50% of towers to renewable energy by 2015 and completely phase out diesel by 2020, which would save billions of liters of diesel, prevent millions of tons of carbon emissions, and offer a large market potential for renewable energy investment. Greenpeace is calling on telecom companies to publicly commit to this renewable energy roadmap and play a leadership role in advocating for clean energy policies.
![ 2015: 50% of all rural towers and 20% of
the urban towers.
2020: 75 % of rural towers and 33% of
urban towers.
Energy Efficient network planning, Infrastructure –sharing.
Declaration of the carbon footprints of network operations should be
done twice a year.
All telecom products, equipment and services in the telecom network
should be certified “Green Passport [GP]” by the year 2015.
‘Carbon Credit Policy’ in line with carbon credit norms with a
maximum of 50% over the carbon footprint levels of the base year
(2011) in rural areas and a maximum of 66% over the carbon footprint
levels of the base year in urban areas by the year 2020.
Carbon emission reduction targets for mobile networks at 5% by the
year 2012-2013, 8% by the year 2014-2015, 12% by the year 2016-
2017 and 17% by the year 2018-2019.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/presentation-121102040816-phpapp01/85/Enabling-Clean-Talking-10-320.jpg)
Enabling Clean Talking
- 1. Presented by : Mrinmoy Chattaraj Research : Campaigner : Climate and Energy mrinmoy.chattaraj@greenpeace.org
- 2. 2000 40.0% 1800 35.0% 1600 30.0% 1400 1200 25.0% 1000 20.0% 800 15.0% 600 10.0% 400 200 5.0% 0 0.0% Mar-07 Mar-08 Mar-09 Mar-10 Mar-11 Mar-12* Mar-13* *-Projected Urban Rural Rural as a percentage of total • Rural subscriber base as a percentage of the total has been on an upward trend in the last few years. • Current teledensity in urban areas might give a clue to this trend.
- 3. Idea Cellular 5000 1600 4500 Network Operating Costs(in Rs. Crores) 1400 Power and Fuel Costs (in Rs. Crores) 4000 1200 3500 1000 3000 2500 800 2000 600 1500 400 1000 200 500 0 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Year Ending Network Operating Costs Power and Fuel
- 4. 500 400 400 432 462 350 Number of Towers 300 258 293 200 150 100 55 0 Year Ending • The number grew by almost 8 times in a span of 6 years from 50,000 in 2007 to a little over 4, 00,000 now ! • With the roll out of 3G services, an estimated 1, 00,000 more towers will be required to support additional capacity.
- 5. 600 6000 500 5000 Diesel Consumption (in million litres) Number of Towers (in '000s) 400 4000 300 3000 200 2000 100 1000 0 0 Mar-07 Mar-08 Mar-09 Mar-10 Mar-11 Mar-12 Mar-13* Mar-14* Year Ending Number of towers Diesel Consumption
- 6. Carbon Emissions (milion tonnes) 0 5000 10000 15000 6000 Diesel Consumption (in million litres) 5000 4000 3000 Diesel Consumption 2000 Carbon Emissions 1000 0 Year Ending
- 7. 700 638 601 567 Number of Towers (in thousands) 600 535 505 476 500 449 400 424 400 300 200 100 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Year
- 8. 6000 14 12 5000 Diesel Consumption (Million litres) Carbon Emissions(Million tonnes) 10 4000 8 3000 6 2000 4 1000 2 0 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Year Diesel Consumption Carbon Emissions
- 10. 2015: 50% of all rural towers and 20% of the urban towers. 2020: 75 % of rural towers and 33% of urban towers. Energy Efficient network planning, Infrastructure –sharing. Declaration of the carbon footprints of network operations should be done twice a year. All telecom products, equipment and services in the telecom network should be certified “Green Passport [GP]” by the year 2015. ‘Carbon Credit Policy’ in line with carbon credit norms with a maximum of 50% over the carbon footprint levels of the base year (2011) in rural areas and a maximum of 66% over the carbon footprint levels of the base year in urban areas by the year 2020. Carbon emission reduction targets for mobile networks at 5% by the year 2012-2013, 8% by the year 2014-2015, 12% by the year 2016- 2017 and 17% by the year 2018-2019.
- 11. Transition has always been there! From Analog to Digital From circuits to packets Adoption of renewable energy sources and Optimization of network energy consumption
- 12. Optimization through Energy Efficiency • Cutting the base load energy requirements If adopted these methods could cut the power • Cooling and loading inefficiencies are the required by BTS equipment areas with the highest potential for by nearly 40-50%. demand and consequently, diesel reduction. • Cooling solutions such as FCU and compartmentalization offer alternative options. • Replacing the older rectifiers with the new and more improved versions. • Smart Energy system with intelligent charging of batteries. • Proper network planning.
- 13. RET – Renewable Energy Technologies Solar Proper monitoring and Bio mass Fuel Cell Small Wind + control of battery charge- discharge levels along with optimal usage of the sources Higher operational expenditure savings Extreme ease of operations. Financial assistance in the form of subsidies Exploiting its full potential
- 14. SOLAR: Source : GTM research
- 15. BIOMASS Organized utilization of biomass resources with the help of rural communities will not only solve telecom power problems but also build strong ties with locals providing security and creating local jobs. Biomass becomes viable even at prices of INR 5-8/kg. When rural electrification comes into the picture, subsidies to the scale of 90% are available for biomass. FUEL CELL If there are hydrogen sources within 30 km, fuel cells offer a very good solution for towers which need less than 10 hours of backup power. There are plenty of Chloralkali plants in Gujarat, a couple in Himachal, 4-5 in the south and a couple in the states of Orissa and Chhattisgarh.
- 16. The Approach : The proposed approach starts by looking at the tower industry from two angles: The new towers that will be added by 2020. Retrofitting the towers already in place by 2020. • A 50% cumulative growth is expected in the number of towers over the next 8 years. A majority of these new towers will be added with more BTS in rural and semi-urban areas as expansion into rural areas will be operators’ priority in the coming years. • Demand side management and optimum utilisation of available renewable energy sources have to be considered before setting up a tower to ensure optimum sizing and installation of renewable energy sources.
- 17. Existing Towers • 70 % of the 4 lakh existing tower are located in off grid , rural, and semi urban location. one of the • 60 per cent of these towers BTS’s are placed in indoor shelters as the most critical fallout of old generation equipment cannot function beyond certain existing towers that temperatures. makes them power hungry. Rural Outdoor - Renewable energy options have enough potential to replace ALL or at least 98% of the diesel generator in rural outdoor areas. With an ambition to be diesel free by 2020 - 12.5 % of these towers need to be retrofitted every year like this. This approach would make the entire 100 per cent of the towers diesel-free within 8 years.
- 18. Some Flash Facts : • Enforcement of the TRAI regulation would save more than 540 million litres of diesel on an average annually, and about 3.5 billion litres of diesel, cumulatively, by 2015. • Will prevent 37 million tonnes of carbon emissions during the course of 8 years if this approach is taken with 2011 as the base year. • Subsidy saving from diesel phase out every year will be INR 273 crores annually while the overall subsidy in absence of diesel phase out will be INR 2240 crores annually • For the telecom companies average savings would be INR 10,000 crores every year that adds up to nearly INR 80,000 crores by year 2020. • A clustered approach of addressing the power requirements of a group of towers with a Central power plant can prove beneficial to all the companies, the surrounding rural communities and the renewable energy company.
- 19. Market Potential and Investment Opportunities: - Meeting the compliance of Green Telecom requires deployment of 4750 MW of Renewable electricity by 2020. ( All form of RET ) More than 50 % of total Renewable electricity required by year 2020, needs to be deployed in next three years to create swift and viable transition. At least 120 solar MW added annually, which entails the installation of an average of 760 MW of solar equivalent renewable energy capacity. Calls for an investment of INR 8,360 crores per year with the total required investment close to INR 67,000 crores by 2020. with this investment, telecom sector is making net profit of INR 13,000 crores by year 2020. Clear case in favor of renewable energy systems from operational savings alone !
- 20. Greenpeace Demand : All telecom companies must give much greater priority to a transparent and more accountable business model and disclose their carbon emission throughout the industry. Publicly disclose a roadmap over the implementation of the TRAI green telecom directive. While sourcing 50% of their energy requirements from renewable sources by 2015 and phase out diesel consumption completely by 2020. To preserve its own economic interest and make long term investment plans for the co-development of renewable energy source for its telecom tower infrastructure and lead the low carbon race. Enable a low-carbon economy by playing a significant role in advocating strong Renewable energy and energy efficiency policy at national and international levels.
- 21. For more detailed information : Refer the report : “Enabling Clean Talking” by Greenpeace India.