![What is “The Cloud”?
Wikipedia:
In common usage, the term "the cloud" is essentially a metaphor for the
Internet.[2] Marketers have further popularized* (hyped?) the phrase
"in the cloud" to refer to software, platforms and infrastructure that
are sold "as a service", i.e. remotely through the Internet.
“Cloud computing is the next stage in the Internet's evolution…”
NetLingo:
A style of computing in which dynamic, scalable and virtual resources
are provided over the Internet. Cloud computing refers to services that
provide common business applications online, which are
accessed from a Web browser, while the software and data are
stored on the servers.
In other words, access to both computer power and data storage
capacity remotely via the Internet (browser or very thin client user
interface)
HPC (“high”-performance computing) HPCC
“Big Data”
8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 10](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/theengineeringsimulationseries-cloud3-140408183051-phpapp01/85/Engineering-Simulation-Meets-the-Cloud-10-320.jpg)
![Public vs. Private Clouds
PUBLIC CLOUD:
All infrastructure components — including servers — are shared among clients
Potential contention for server resources
Lower cost than virtual private cloud
VIRTUAL PRIVATE CLOUD:
Servers dedicated to an enterprise
Offers greater control, security, and application performance than public cloud
Higher cost than public cloud
“Either one of these models [owned/operated by a 3rd party] is less expensive than building
your own or another type of infrastructure service.”
-- Lynda Stadtmueller, Program Director, Cloud Computing, Frost & Sullivan
ACTUAL PRIVATE CLOUD:
Your company owns/leases the hardware, too, and your I.T. Department makes it look like “A
Cloud” to you, the end-user (browser-base access, no need to understand what’s behind the
curtain) but it resides inside your Firewall.
This may be cost-competitive with “external” Clouds, if there is enough demand/use. The key
here is “looks like a Cloud” = browser-based ease-of-use.
8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 12](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/theengineeringsimulationseries-cloud3-140408183051-phpapp01/85/Engineering-Simulation-Meets-the-Cloud-12-320.jpg)
Engineering Simulation Meets the Cloud
- 1. Dr. Dennis Nagy, BeyondCAE April 8, 2014 8:00 AM PDT, 11:00 AM EDT, 17:00 CET • * Engineering Simulation Veteran’s Series, Parts 1 and 2: • “Where We Are and How We Got Here,” and • “Where Are We Going? were webcast on February 12th and 25th, 2014, respectively. • Slides and recorded versions of both webcasts are available at www.TheUberCloud.com Engineering Simulation Meets The Cloud: Current Status and Future Prospects
- 2. The Full Abstract (for reference only) The Cloud is all the rage for the past couple of years and shows no signs of reduced hype any time soon. What is “The Cloud?” There are many evolving viewpoint-centric definitions, which make it even harder to separate the wheat from the chaff (remember the World-Wide Web run-up to the dot.com bubble burst in the late 1990s?). This presentation will provide an overview of the Cloud- relevant concepts and terminology, and their evolving practical implementations, from an engineering simulation software viewpoint, covering HPC, Big Data, IaaS, PaaS, SaaS,…(had enough already?). Beyond all these vendor/I.T.-driven concepts and viewpoints, what are product/process development engineers and their employer enterprises actually trying to accomplish more effectively? How does The Cloud fit in now and, more importantly, for the near future. Special emphasis will be given to how small and medium enterprises’ (SME’s—the under-served “missing middle”) engineering needs are starting to be met by Cloud-related simulation access opportunities. Computer hardware vendors seem to be leading the Cloud wave in general, but major simulation software vendors are quite varied in their articulated Cloud strategies and implementations so far, which has partly given rise to CAE-oriented start-ups emerging with a Cloud-based value proposition. The UberCloud’s impressive success to date will be summarized as one example of how simulation software vendors, hardware resource providers, engineering end users, and HPC experts are combining their time and interests, on a (so far) voluntary basis to discover, understand, and overcome the practical hurdles in conducting industry-useful engineering simulations in The Cloud. 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 2
- 3. Topics: Questions to Answer At whom is this presentation targeted? What are engineers actually doing? How does Engineering Simulation (CAE) help them do it “better”? What are the obstacles to more engineers making more “effective” use of Engineering Simulation? What is “The Cloud”? Current Status of Engineering Simulation in “The Cloud” Future prospects for better engineering via prudent use of “The Cloud” The role of The UberCloud HPC Experiment 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 3
- 4. Who Am I? 48 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy A broad expert in engineering simulation (CAE), over 42 years of experience: from R&D, university teaching, through commercial software development, support, sales and marketing management, to executive management. • Former Sr. VP of worldwide Sales at MSC.Software • CEO of Engineous (now part of DS/SIMULIA) • VP of Marketing and Business Development at CD-adapco • VP of Marketing and Asia-Pacific at Fluent (now part of ANSYS) • VP of International Business, Blue Ridge Numerics (now part of Autodesk) Currently Principal at BeyondCAE, a global strategy and business development consulting activity located in Chapel Hill, NC, USA. Mentor, TheUberCloud HPC Experiment Member of the NAFEMS Americas Steering Committee
- 5. At Whom is this Presentation Targeted? I have spent almost all my career on the vendor (ISV) side However, there are plenty of sources of vendor (Cloud and ISV) views on “how The Cloud does something beneficial for (fill in the blank)” So I am trying to look at this topic from the engineering end- user/management viewpoint and provide some introduction for that audience to navigating the Cloud opportunities and hype. 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 5 INNOVATION
- 6. Back to Basics: What Are Engineers Actually Doing? Engineers are developing (”designing” in a physical/functional sense) products, systems, and processes to meet (or even exceed!) a set of captured and understood requirements The functional requirements involve the expected physical behavior of what is being developed Anything that will assist engineers (and their corporate management) in judging whether requirements will be met is helpful The “Design-Build (physical prototypes)-Test-Modify” workflow cycle has been more and more supplemented/replaced by Engineering Simulation 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 6
- 7. How Does Engineering Simulation (CAE) Help Engineers Do Their Work “Better”? Provides the possibility of examining the functional behavior of product/process designs much earlier and more quickly than physical prototype testing Can allow engineers to gain further functional insight (the “aha” moments) and try more (and more radical “outside the box”) ideas during development and/or allow for a significant speed-up in the development cycle (freedom to trade off) IF …the simulations are “realistic enough” and “fast enough” (joint judgment call by development engineers, simulation experts, and management) Engineering Simulation has reached this “if” milestone in many major industries and larger manufacturing companies today 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 7
- 8. Advanced Information Technology Solutions: An Engine of Innovation 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 8 Greg Schroeder Senior Research Engineer Center for Automotive Research (CAR) Ann Arbor, MI, USA March 25, 2014
- 9. What are the Obstacles to More Engineers Making More “Effective” Use of Engineering Simulation? Despite simulation’s success so far, there are still key obstacles The majority of practicing engineers do not use simulation (spreadsheets don’t count ) Users and potential users of simulation encounter three main obstacles: 1. Cost of simulation software 2. Cost of adequate computer hardware to run it on Budget justification of both is “chicken and egg” 3. Enough knowledge/expertise to use today’s generation of engineering simulation software “effectively” (or even at all) …but this is a topic for a whole different presentation 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 9 Here is where “The Cloud” comes in
- 10. What is “The Cloud”? Wikipedia: In common usage, the term "the cloud" is essentially a metaphor for the Internet.[2] Marketers have further popularized* (hyped?) the phrase "in the cloud" to refer to software, platforms and infrastructure that are sold "as a service", i.e. remotely through the Internet. “Cloud computing is the next stage in the Internet's evolution…” NetLingo: A style of computing in which dynamic, scalable and virtual resources are provided over the Internet. Cloud computing refers to services that provide common business applications online, which are accessed from a Web browser, while the software and data are stored on the servers. In other words, access to both computer power and data storage capacity remotely via the Internet (browser or very thin client user interface) HPC (“high”-performance computing) HPCC “Big Data” 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 10
- 11. What is “The Cloud”? NIST’s 7-Page “Definitive” Answer and Recommendations (2011-12) 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 11 “Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. This cloud model is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models.” (Excerpt)
- 12. Public vs. Private Clouds PUBLIC CLOUD: All infrastructure components — including servers — are shared among clients Potential contention for server resources Lower cost than virtual private cloud VIRTUAL PRIVATE CLOUD: Servers dedicated to an enterprise Offers greater control, security, and application performance than public cloud Higher cost than public cloud “Either one of these models [owned/operated by a 3rd party] is less expensive than building your own or another type of infrastructure service.” -- Lynda Stadtmueller, Program Director, Cloud Computing, Frost & Sullivan ACTUAL PRIVATE CLOUD: Your company owns/leases the hardware, too, and your I.T. Department makes it look like “A Cloud” to you, the end-user (browser-base access, no need to understand what’s behind the curtain) but it resides inside your Firewall. This may be cost-competitive with “external” Clouds, if there is enough demand/use. The key here is “looks like a Cloud” = browser-based ease-of-use. 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 12
- 13. Potential Benefits of The Cloud for Engineering Simulation When software and hardware access is priced “appropriately,” both overflow needs and new-user needs can be met incrementally (“by the drink”) More realistic, affordable business model for small and medium businesses/enterprises (SMB/SME) …“The missing middle” More streamlined user access/experience, to allow engineers to focus on engineering instead of I.T. details “Overflow” vs. “replacement of in-house I.T. infrastructure by Cloud (=3rd-party remote) service providers is a separate debate/discussion (not here) 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 13
- 14. Potential Benefits of The Cloud for Engineering Simulation There are many articles and white papers Last month: results of a LinkedIn user’s ad-hoc survey of top benefits: (go to LinkedIn’s “Cloud Computing, SaaS & Virtualization Group” for more detailed discussions) 1. (18 votes) - no barrier (cost) to entry / capex vs opex 2. (13 votes) - elasticity / flexibility / agility 3. (3 way tie with 12 votes each) - on demand / pay per use / pay as you go, time to market, and scalability 4. (5 votes) - self service / services / API / tools 5. (2 way tie with 4 votes each) - availability / fault tolerance, and real-estate / location benefits / anywhere access 6. (4 way tie with 2 votes each) - risk management, security, reduced hardware dependencies / mobility, and automation 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 14
- 15. The Main Layers of The Cloud 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 15 “Cloud computing specifically refers to incorporating software as a service (SaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and infrastructure as a service (IaaS). Users do not need to have knowledge of, expertise in, or control over the technology infrastructure in the "cloud" that supports them. “ -NetLingo (From Frost & Sullivan)
- 16. The Main Layers of The Cloud 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 16
- 17. SaaS: Further Refinement Common user interface/GUI as a service Compute modules (batch “solvers”) as a service This is relevant because it’s mainly (but not exclusively) the number-crunching that can take most advantage of “Big Compute” infrastructure (HPCaaS) to handle larger problems and run them faster Interactive vs. batch Cloud services “where is the “pre/post-processing” done? Cost and speed of data transmission to/from The Cloud Visualization from The Cloud (pushing only pixels) 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 17
- 18. Gartner’s Magic Quadrant for IaaS 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 18 “I believe this chart is the most important chart in enterprise IT. It covers the new trend of IaaS, where instead of buying storage, operating systems, deployed applications, and other infrastructure, enterprises rent these products from vendors in a low risk pay-as-you-go system. It is a new way of doing enterprise computing …Computing infrastructure is the $150B a year “Big Kahuna”, where all the money changes hands, and where companies from Microsoft, to IBM to HP make all their profits. … if IaaS becomes the dominant computing model, Amazon Web Services is the only possible winner “ * – Rory O’Driscoll, Partner at SCALE Venture Partners, October 31, 2013 * $250B + for Cloud architecture/infrastructure by 2017? So where is Google? “…this market is highly competitive, and that the situation may change very fast.”
- 19. The Cloud Marketplace is Big 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 19 February 2014
- 20. 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 20 SimScale/AWS Ciespace Nimbis Services AWS Rescale Cycle Computing Nimbix Sabalcore CloudBroker GmbH CPU 24/7 CPUsage TotalCAE AWS HP SGI Cyclone Microsoft Azure Gompute/Gridcore Outscale Autodesk OCF enCORE (Hartree) Fujitsu TC Cloud Altair HWOD Bull Penguin OD IBM NCMS Ohio SC - AweSim CESGA (Spain) SICOS/HLRS HSRapperswil FCSCL San Diego SC Nonprofit (gov./universities) CommercialCloudVendors SaaSPaaSIaaS Engineering Simulation (CAE): Relevant Cloud Players
- 21. 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 21
- 22. 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 22 Vendors: Company Software SimScale/AWS Ciespace NimbisServices AWS Rescale* CycleComputing Nimbix Sabalcore CloudBrokerGmbH CPU24/7 CPUsage TotalCAE AWS HP SGICyclone MicrosoftAzure Gompute/Gridcore Outscale Autodesk OCFenCORE(Hartree) FujitsuTCCloud AltairHWOD Bull PenguinOD IBM NCMS OhioSC-AweSim CESGA(Spain) SICOS/HLRS HSRapperswil FCSCL SanDiegoSC proprietary AltairHWUA MCAE: Autodesk SIM 360 x x ANSYS ANSYS-Mechanical x x x x x x x x x x x x x x ANSYS Fluent x x x x x COMSOL Multiphysics x x Mathworks MATLAB/SIMULINK x x x x Siemens PLM NX CAE x DS/Simulia Abaqus x x x x x x x x x CD-adapco Star-CCM+ x x x x x x x x Livermore Softw. LS/Dyna x x x x x MSC MSC.NASTRAN x x MSC MSC.MARC x x Exa PowerFlow Convergent Converge x ESI OpenFOAM x x x x x x x x x x x x ESI CFD-ACE+ x AVL AVL/Fire x Cambridge Flow BOXERMesh x Ciespace/CMU BubbleMesh x x NASA CFL3D x Friendship Systems Framework x VR&D Genesys x Fidesys Fidesys x Altair Hyperworks x x x Altair AcuSolve x x x x x NUMECA Turbo-fine x FluiDyna Culises x FluiDyna LBultra x Metacomp CFD++ Stanford U. SD++ Applied Math M. CoolSim x MTU Aero CalculiX x TotalCAE Portal x x CSC-Finland Elmer x x TESIS FlowVision x x ECAE/EDA: CST Microwave Studio x ANSYS HFSS x ANSYS SI-Wave x Synopsys VCS x Mentor HyperLynx SI x CST Studio Suite x x PaaS (vendor-publicized or 3rd-party published information) SaaS (government/universities)IaaS Matrix of CAE Vendors and Cloud Providers (partial-work in progress) Commercial Cloud Vendors Nonprofit In-house I.T. This is NOT an eye test!
- 23. Cloud-Related Efforts to Reach the “Missing Middle” SMEs/SMBs 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 23 Brief overview here: go to The UberCloud website (click on logo) for more details Go to websites (click on logos) for information
- 24. TheUberCloud HPC Experiment: An open voluntary collaborative community Objective: Making HPC as a Service available, for everybody, on demand How? For SMEs and their engineering applications to explore the end-to-end process of using remote computing resources, as a service, on demand, at your finger tips, and learning how to resolve the roadblocks. 248 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy
- 25. Progress with the Experiment Started August 2012: today (April 2014) ~1300 registered organizations and individuals Participants are from 48 countries Round 5 started February 1, 2014: ~25-30 new teams 140+ teams have been formed in Rounds 1-5 Registration at: www.hpcexperiment.com www.cfdexperiment.com www.compbioexperiment.com www.bigdataexperiment.com 258 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy The importance of teamwork
- 26. UberCloud Poll about Roadblocks The UberCloud, June 13, 2013—but generally still true now 268 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy
- 27. Cloud Security/Privacy: An Issue? Security and privacy are in the eye of the beholder Major Cloud datacenters and hosting are well aware of these issues and have good technical and legal security/privacy infrastructure Many “in-house” users of software and Internet access are not aware of how (in)secure and exposed their data and computing really is “The NSA has/sees everything anyway” not really a joke for non-U.S. users/prospects for U.S.-based Cloud data providers Autodesk whitepaper: Autodesk®360: Work Wherever You Are – Safely “With over 10 years of experience providing cloud-based solutions, Autodesk knows that data security is critical to your success.” 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 27
- 28. Major Technical Hurdles Encountered Downloading speed of large results files for local visualization Remote Visualization of results General-purpose remote visualization tools The “last mile” situation Pixel-pushing and the speed of light Complicated, non-intuitive Cloud access mechanisms & details (ports, files,…) 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 28
- 29. More Details on the 25 Best Teams So Far (Rounds 1 & 2) UberCloud HPC Experiment Compendium 25 selected use-cases from 60 teams in Rounds 1 & 2 Sponsored by Intel’s HPC Organization 298 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy
- 30. The Value of Use-Case Studies: Next UberCloud TechTalk Webcast Wednesday, May 7th 8:00 – 9:00 AM PDT Join the UberCloud for a one hour free webinar to learn how HPC Experiment Team 8 used ANSYS in the Cloud for a flash dryer simulation with hot gas used to evaporate water from a solid. Please register for this UberCloud TechTalk here. 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 30 Flash dryer simulation with ANSYS in the Cloud
- 31. Further Cloud-Simulation Relevant Information in LinkedIn Group Discussions New Trends in CAE Simulation The Cloud: What does it mean for software re-sellers? Software Licensing in the Cloud CFD/CAE software on Amazon Web Service (AWS) cloud The UberCloud invites you to a free experiment with Autodesk Sim 360 in the Cloud 2013, Marked by Cloud and Changing Licensing Methods Why the CAE in cloud not picking up ? Engineering Simulation (CAE) in "The Cloud"? Cloud Computing, SaaS & Virtualization What are the top 3 benefits of cloud computing? Complete Collection of Articles on Hybrid Cloud by Industry Experts Welcome to the cloud price wars 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 31
- 32. The Cloud as a Utility: Future Vision The toaster analogy (today): The engineer using The Cloud (in the future): 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 32
- 33. 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy 33 “Sometimes, it’s hard to tell when a novelty becomes a trend or a trend becomes the new normal. This is not one of those times. The era of the on-premise server is clearly behind us, with the cusp of change literally on our calendars.” --Peter Coffee, Salesforce.com March 29, 2014 The Cloud is Coming to Engineering Simulation (or vice-versa): It’s Only a Question of How Rapidly
- 34. PDF copies of these slides (with active hyperlinks) available from TheUberCloud: www.TheUberCloud.com or from me at: 34 Dennis.Nagy@BeyondCAE.com 8 April 2014Copyright © 2014 by Dennis A. Nagy