English Language Learners in School Module 4 Presentation
- 2. Limited English Proficient (LEP) English Learner (EL) English as a Second Language (ESL) English Language Development (ELD) English as a Foreign Language (EFL) English Language Learner (ELL) English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL)
- 3. Most ELLs were born in the U.S.- a smaller percentage emigrated here Immigrants and their children: To have a better life To get away from war To unite with their families For educational/economic purposes
- 4. Getting basic information about students: Personal information Prior school experience? Literacy in their home language? Home culture- research! Classroom activities: Autobiography Dialogue journal Specific themes
- 5. Teacher is both observer of & participant in class culture: Notice cultural differences and try to interpret them Sociolinguistic interactions in the classroom Observe ~ Listen ~ Keep your own journal/notes Culturally related responses to classroom organization Teach expected behavior for each participation structure Literacy traditions from home and community Some students do and others do not have prior schooling experience in the first language.
- 6. Safety and security Assign a personal buddy Follow predictable classroom routines Develop a support system for each child Creating a sense of belonging Assign a “home group” table Provide familiar language texts in the classroom Value special cultural knowledge/experience
- 7. Students NEW to the culture of the classroom may experience “culture shock.” 4 Stages of “Culture Shock” 1. Excitement : “honeymoon” stage very positive about the new culture 2. Withdrawal : “frustration” stage things appear different, strange and difficult 3. Adjustment: “understanding” stage a routine develops, less isolated, more confident 4. Enthusiasm: “acclimation” stage feeling 'at home‘ and functioning well in new culture
- 9. Academic standards and assessment movement ◦ Congress found in 1983 that improvement was needed- formed the NAEP program (National Assessment of Education Progress) High-stakes testing is now used nationwide ◦ No-Child Left Behind (NCLB), 2001 ◦ Socioeconomic status correlates to test-scores Education policies/Standards for ELLs ◦ World-class Instructional Design and Assessment (WIDA) TESOL English Standards
- 10. TEKS : Texas Essential Knowledge & Skills ◦ Standards for content learning at each grade STAAR : State of Texas Assessment of Academic Readiness Assessments for content learning at each grade English Language Learners also get: ELPS: English Language Proficiency Standards ◦ Standards for language proficiency learning at each level of development (Beginner, Intermediate, Advanced, Advanced High) TELPAS: Texas English Language Proficiency Assessment System ◦ Assessments for language learning progress at each level of development
- 11. Overarching goals of federal guidelines: 1) Teach English 2) Provide access to curriculum How are ELL students identified? Multiple assessments are administered at the beginning of the school year Assessments determine if English language proficiency is sufficient to “access and process the curriculum content without support” If not, students are granted the ELL status
- 12. English Language Learner (ELL) "Student of limited English proficiency (LEP)" is a student whose primary language is other than English and whose English skills are such that the student has difficulty performing ordinary classwork in English. LEP and ELL (English language learner) are used interchangeably. English as a Second Language (ESL) English is the only language used as the medium of instruction Four program examples in textbook
- 13. Texas State Education Code: Districts with enrollment of 20 or more ELL students in any language classification in the same grade level shall offer a bilingual education or special language program. Bilingual education is required in Grades K-6 Bilingual education, instruction in ESL, or other transitional language instruction in Grades 7-8 Instruction in ESL in Grades 9 through 12. 817,165 ELL students in Texas (2010)
- 14. ESL English is the only language used as the medium of instruction Four program model examples in textbook Bilingual Education English and another language used as the media of instruction. Five program model examples in textbook
- 15. Bilingual Programs are either: Additive: Both home language and target language (English in the U.S.) are developed concurrently with the goal of proficiency in both languages. OR Subtractive: Target Language (English in the U.S.) is developed with a gradual shift away from knowledge/identity with the home language.
- 16. Source: Peregoy, S. & Boyle, O., (2008) Reading, Writing, and Learning in ESL: A Resource Book for K-12 Teachers, 5th Edition, USA: Pearson.