Error Analysis
- 1. ENG 113/213: ERROR ANALYSIS Presented by: Ballesteros, Perlita M. LPT MAEd - English
- 2. Errors and Mistakes What is the DIFFERENCE between ERROR AND MISTAKE? An ERROR : is a faulty utterance produced by language learners as a result of incomplete knowledge. A MISTAKE : is a faulty utterance produced by language learners caused by lack of attention, fatigue or carelessness.
- 4. Definitions of EA The process of studying and analyzing the errors which are made by second language learners. It studies the types and causes of errors. It is an alternative to contrastive analysis.
- 5. An Overview of Error Analysis Error analysis is linguistic analysis that focuses on the errors’ learners make by comparing between the errors made in the target language (TL) and that TL itself. Error analysis is an important source of information to teachers It provides information on students' errors Helps teachers to correct students' errors Improves the effectiveness of teachers, students, researchers Michaelides(1990:30)
- 6. ERROR ANALYSIS: Its Implications to Language Learnings
- 7. Behaviorists and Cognitivists How errors seen by scholars? Behaviorists: Errors are signs of learning failure. Cognitivists: Errors are signs of language development.
- 8. AN ARTICLE BY CORDER Pit Corder (1967) ‘Father’ of Error Analysis through his article ‘The significance of Learner Errors’ that Error Analysis took a new turn. Corder (1974) defines EA as What has come to be known as error analysis has to do with the investigation of the language of second language learners. Pit Corder
- 9. Error analysis helps teachers to assess the remedial work necessary for English as a Second Language (ESL) students preparing for an English Language test and to help students avoid the most common errors Significance of E A
- 10. TWO JUSTIFICATIONS OF EA Corder, (1981:112) suggests that there are two justifications for studying learners' errors: its relevance to language teaching. the study of the language acquisition process. Justifications of E A
- 11. TWO OBJECTS OF EA: According to Corder (1974) error analysis has two objects: one theoretical and another applied. The theoretical object deals with what and how a learner learns when he studies a second language.’ The applied object enables the learner ‘to learn more efficiently by manipulating knowledge of his vernacular for academic purposes’. Objects of E A
- 12. WHY EA IS DONE? Sercombe, (2000) explains that EA serves three purposes. Firstly, to find out the level of language proficiency the learner has reached. Secondly, to obtain information about common difficulties in language learning Thirdly, to find out how people learn a language. Purposes of E A
- 13. ERROR ANALYSIS: The Premise on the Studies of Linguistics
- 14. STEPS IN ANALYSING LEARNERS’ ERRORS Corder (1967) identified a model for error analysis which included these stages: 1. Collection 2. Identifying 3. Describing 4. Explaining 5. Evaluating/correcting the errors MODELS for E A
- 16. SOURCES OF ERRORS They can be categorized in two domains: 1. Interlingual transfer 2. Intralingual transfer Sources of E A
- 17. Interlingual Transfer Errors due to the influence of the native language in learning L2 are called interlingual errors. Interlingual errors are also called transfer or interference errors. Interlingual Transfer is a significant source for language learners. Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics (1992) defines : “Interlingual errors are the result of language transfer which is caused by the learners’ first language (MT).”
- 18. Intralingual Transfer Interference of the student’s own language (MT/L1) is not the only reason for committing errors Some errors seem universal, reflecting learners’ attempts to make the tasks of learning and using the SL/TL/FL simpler. (Ellis,1997). These errors are common in the speech of the SL/TL/FL learners.
- 19. Error Treatment ERROR TREATMENT Teachers cannot and should not correct all errors committed by their students. Besides, the frequent correction of oral errors disrupts the process of language learning and discourages shy students from communicating in the target language.
- 20. Error Treatment Teachers should correct errors affecting intelligibility, i.e., errors that interfere with the general meaning and understandability of utterances. In this connection, teachers should concentrate on correcting global errors more than local errors.
- 21. Importance of EA Error analysis helps to understand the process of SLA (second language acquisition) Error analysis shows the troublesome linguistic areas or errors that L2 learners encounter in learning. The errors give valuable feedback to both teachers and learners regarding strategies and progress. The error also provides research with insights into the nature of SLA process.
- 22. Importance of EA Error analysis is useful in second language learning because it reveals to us. Teaching strategies Syllabus designing Textbook writers of what the problems areas are.