Ethernet and Token ring (Computer Networks)
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The document discusses Ethernet and Token Ring technologies as local area network (LAN) standards. Ethernet, specified as IEEE 802.3, is the most widely-used LAN technology, evolving from basic to fast (100 Mbps) and gigabit (10 Gbps) speeds with minimal infrastructure changes. Token Ring, based on the IEEE 802.5 standard, uses a token-passing protocol to manage data transmission and prevent collisions, supporting data rates of 4 or 16 Mbps.
Ethernet and Token ring (Computer Networks)
- 1. Presentation On Sub: ETHERNET AND TOKEN RING CN 4nd Sem Computer (2016-17) Prepared By: Name: Shail M. Nakum Enr. No: 150410107054 Class: S.Y. : Computer Div.-I
- 2. CONTENTS • ETHERNET • TOKEN RING
- 3. ETHERNET
- 4. •Ethernet is the most widely-installed local area network ( LAN) technology. •Specified in a standard, IEEE 802.3, Ethernet was originally developed by Xerox from an earlier specification called Alohanet and then developed further by Xerox, DEC, and Intel. •An Ethernet LAN typically uses coaxial cable or special grades of twisted pair wires. •The most commonly installed Ethernet systems are called 10BASE-T and provide transmission speeds up to 10 Mbps
- 5. •The Fast Ethernet standard (IEEE 802.3u) has been established for Ethernet networks that need higher transmission speeds. •This standard raises the Ethernet speed limit from 10 Mbps to 100 Mbps with only minimal changes to the existing cable structure. •Fast Ethernet provides faster throughput for video, multimedia, graphics, Internet surfing and stronger error detection and correction.
- 6. •Gigabit Ethernet was developed to meet the need for faster communication networks with applications such as multimedia •The most important differences between Gigabit Ethernet and Fast Ethernet include the additional support of full duplex operation in the MAC layer and the data rates.
- 7. •10 Gigabit Ethernet is the fastest and most recent of the Ethernet standards. IEEE 802.3ae defines a version of Ethernet with a nominal rate of 10Gbits/s that makes it 10 times faster than Gigabit Ethernet.
- 8. TOKEN RING
- 10. A Token Ring network is a local area network (LAN) in which all computers are connected in a ring or star topology and a bit- or token-passing scheme is used in order to prevent the collision of data between two computers that want to send messages at the same time. The Token Ring protocol is the second most widely-used protocol on local area networks after Ethernet. The IBM Token Ring protocol led to a standard version, specified as IEEE 802.5. Both protocols are used and are very similar. The IEEE 802.5 Token Ring technology provides for data transfer rates of either 4 or 16 megabits per second.
- 11. Very briefly, here is how it works: •Empty information frames are continuously circulated on the ring. •When a computer has a message to send, it inserts a token in an empty frame (this may consist of simply changing a 0 to a 1 in the token bit part of the frame) and inserts a message and a destination identifier in the frame.
- 12. •The frame is then examined by each successive workstation. If the workstation sees that it is the destination for the message, it copies the message from the frame and changes the token back to 0. •When the frame gets back to the originator, it sees that the token has been changed to 0 and that the message has been copied and received. It removes the message from the frame.
- 13. •The frame continues to circulate as an "empty" frame, ready to be taken by a workstation when it has a message to send. •The token scheme can also be used with bus topology LANs.
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