Expectancy value theory
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The Expectancy Value Theory proposes that individuals' choices, persistence, and performance can be explained by their beliefs about how well they will do on a task (expectancies), their beliefs about their own abilities, and the extent to which they value the task. Expectancies refer to beliefs about the probability of success, abilities beliefs are evaluations of one's competence, and task value considers importance, interest, and utility of the task. Choices are influenced by expectancies, abilities beliefs, and weighing the values of various options against the costs associated with each choice.
Expectancy value theory
- 1. Expectancy Value Theory (Allan Wigfield & Jacquelynne S. Eccles)
- 2. The Expectancy Value Theory presents... that individuals’ choice, persistence, and performance can be explained by their beliefs about how well they will do on the activity (beliefs on ability), the probability of success (expectancy) and the extent to which they value the activity (task value) ~Atkinson, 1957; Eccles et al., 1983; Wigfield, 1994; Wigfield & Eccles, 1992.
- 3. Simply put, CHOICES are assumed to be influenced by both and task characteristics. Choices are coupled with costs associated with them precisely because one choice often eliminates other options. THUS, EXPECTANCY & VALUE of various options are key determinants of choice.
- 4. EXPECTANCY, ABILITY BELIEFS & TASK VALUE as defined by the theorists Expectancy • is the individuals’ beliefs about how well they will do on upcoming tasks (short term or Long term future). Beliefs about ability • Is the individuals’ evaluations competence in different areas. of their Task Value • The importance and use of the task at hand...
- 5. of doing well on the task (Battle,1966). Confirms or disconfirms one’s salient aspects of self-schema (aspect of one’s ideal self) ~Markus & Wurf, 1987. Similar to intrinsic motivation ~ Harter (1981) & by Deci and his colleagues (e.g., Deci & Ryan 1985) Determined by how well a task relates to current and future goals (internalized short- and long-term goals) Cost importance Is the enjoyment the individual gets from the task performing the activity or the subjective interest the individual has in the subject. Utility value The personal Intrinsic value Attainment value 4 Constructs of Task Values A critical component of value. The sacrifice we exchange for the task. Captures the more “extrinsic” reasons for engaging in a task. Conceptualiz ed in terms of the negative aspects of engaging in the task.
- 7. Socializer’s behavior and beliefs, Cultural milieu and unique historical events Affects how we perceive other peoples’ attitudes and expectations for them, affective memories, and their own interpretations of their previous achievement outcomes performance, persistence, and task choice Expectancies and Task beliefs
- 8. Diagram of the EVT:
- 9. END
Editor's Notes
- #7: are assumed to be influenced by