![International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD30932 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 226
PARAMETERS EVALUATED USING TURNING PROCESS
The experiment is conducted by considering HSS[2] single
point tool operating on S50Cmedium carbon steel work
piece in turning process.These machining test is
performed on a conventional lathe machine. The work
piece of cylindrical shape having a diameter of 30mm and
a length of 350mm. A Lathe machine with a spindle speed
range from 200rpm to 700 rpm was used for the
machining.The machining center was driven with 6.5 kw
electric motor.
The experiment is performed under the dry machining
environment.The tool life can be determined by
mathematical relation for calculation of total length of
effective cut.The tool life data is collected for each of the
different cutting conditions and tabulated.
S50C medium carbon steel composition:
Table.1.S50C composition
Grade C Mn p si s
S50C 0.47-0.53 0.60-0.90 0.030 0.15-0.35 0.035
S50C grade carbon steel is widely used in machine
manufacturing, mechanical parts such as springs, gears,
tension bars, the rollers, the axis, and the load spindle.
Table 2.Process parameters of turning process
S.NO PARAMETERS
LEVEL
1 2 3
1. Spindle speed N, rev/min 250 450 650
2. Feed rate f, mm/rev 0.4 0.8 1.2
3. Depth of cut d, mm 0.5 1 1.5
The effect of cutting parameters on cutting force, tool life
and surface finish are evaluated and tabulated.
Theoretical calculations for the experimental values[1]
Consider,
FC Cutting force in N
TL Tool life (seconds)
Ra Theoretical Surface Roughness in (μm)
MRR Material Remove Rate in cm3/min
N Spindle speed in rpm
f feed rate in mm/rev
d depth of cut in mm
VC Cutting speed in m/min
Diameter of the work piece
D = 0.03m
Length of the work piece,
L= 0.35m
For 250 rpm,
Cutting speed in m/min
VC=
1000
ND ××π
=
1000
25003.0 ××π =0.2356 m/min
Theoretical Surface Roughness in (μm)
Ra= 3
2
10
8
×
×r
f
= 3
10
8.08.0
4.04.0
×
×
× =25μm
Material Remove Rate in cm3/min
MRR = fdVC ××
= 0.2356×0.5×0.4=0.05 cm3/min
Tool life (seconds)
TL =
Nf
D
××
×
2
60
=
2504.0
30060
×
× =210 Seconds
Similar way for all other calculations are done and
tabulated in the following table 3.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Table.3. Experimental value of different parameters of turning process
S.NO N f d Fc VC Ra (μm) TL MRR
1. 250 0.4 0.5 490 0.235 25 210 0.05
2. 250 0.8 1 1672 0.235 25 105 0.19
3. 250 1.2 1.5 2340 0.235 25 70 0.42
4. 450 0.4 0.5 490 0.424 100 116 0.08
5. 450 0.8 1 1672 0.424 100 59 0.34
6. 450 1.2 1.5 2340 0.424 100 38 0.76
7. 650 0.4 0.5 490 0.612 225 81 0.12
8. 650 0.8 1 1672 0.612 225 40 0.49
9. 650 1.2 1.5 2340 0.612 225 27 1.10](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/39experimentalanalysisofmachiningparametersonturningwithsinglepointcuttingtool-200711130029/85/Experimental-Analysis-of-Machining-Parameters-on-Turning-with-Single-Point-Cutting-Tool-2-320.jpg)
![International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD30932 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 227
Graphs
Fig.3. TL varied with VC
Fig.4. Ra varied with VC
Fig.5. MRRvaried with Vc
Fig.6.MRRvaried with depth of cut
CONCLUSION
The results obtained shows the variable changes on all
machining parameters such a high depth and feed rate the
effect on the MRR increased with the increase in feed rate
of the cut and when cutting speed value is increased the
MRR value is also increased it clearly shows that when
there is increase in the spindle speed the material rate is
increased and tool life time varied with the cutting speed
also. The surface roughness value increased with high
cutting speed. The experiment further can be conducted
on different materials of single point tool in presence of
coolant for better results than obtained as this experiment
was conducted in the dry environment and with the same
considerations the above experiment can be conducted
with the CNC Lathe with a correct correlation of machining
parameters with correct material of single point tool can
be choosen to reduce the loss of energy and better
finishing of
work piece.
REFERENCES
[1] Kapil Sharma, Dalgobind Mahto, Sen S S. In Metal
Turning, Effect of Various Parameters on Cutting
Tool: A Review- International Journal of Application
or Innovation in Engineering & Management
(IJAIEM), Aug 2013, 2(8), 32-38.
[2] Wear Analysis of Single Point Cutting Tool With and
Single Point Cutting Tool with and without
Coating:Nitin M Mali,T.Mahender IJREAT
International Journal of Research in Engineering &
Advanced Technology, Volume 3, Issue 3, June-July,
2015.
[3] Effects of single point cutting tool materials on tool
work interface and cutting performance using
FEAS:Arun Prasath , Ankit Kumar , Hemanta Deka
and Abhishek Lahkar:IOP Conf. Series: Materials
Science and Engineering 402 (2018) 012133
doi:10.1088/1757-899X/402/1/012133.
[4] PNRAO, “Metal cutting and machine tools”, Text book
of Tata Mech Grawhill publications, Vol.2, 3rd
Edition, 2013.
[5] D. A. Axinte, W. Belluco, L. De Chiffre ,“Evaluation of
cutting force uncertainty components in Turning”
International Journal of Machine Tools &
Manufacture 41, 2001, pp. 719–730,.
0.24 0.24 0.24
0.42
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
Vcinm/min
TL in min
252525
100100100
225225225
0
50
100
150
200
250
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
VC
RA
1.1
0.34
0.12
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
MRRincubcm/min
Vc
1.1
0.34
0.12
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
MRRincubcm/min
Depth of cut in mm](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/39experimentalanalysisofmachiningparametersonturningwithsinglepointcuttingtool-200711130029/85/Experimental-Analysis-of-Machining-Parameters-on-Turning-with-Single-Point-Cutting-Tool-3-320.jpg)
Experimental Analysis of Machining Parameters on Turning with Single Point Cutting Tool
- 1. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) Volume 4 Issue 4, June 2020 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD30932 Experimental Analysis Turning w P. H. J. Venkatesh, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India ABSTRACT The metal cutting process for material removing in turning process using a single point tool on the work piece will influence, the machining parameters in terms of efficiency under variable cutting conditions such as speed of the spindle , feed rate and de removal of material in the form of chips from the cylindrical work piece. The HSS Single point cutting tool is one of the important tool for machining operations in many manufacturing industries. experimental analysis is performed and the effect of parameters like variable speed on the spindle, depth of the cut and feed on surface roughness, tool life and MRR are determined and compared. piece choosen for the experiment is S50C medium carbon steel single point Cutting tool and the results are obtained, calculated and tabulated. KEYWORDS: Cutting Tool, depth, MRR, roughness, INTRODUCTION Turning is metal cutting process to remove a the outer part of the diameter of a rotating cylindrical work piece. Turning is used to decrease the work piece, according to the required application, and to provide a smooth finish on the work piece. The cutter to remove the material cutting tool and is tightly clamped to the single point cutting tool feed into the rotating work piece and cuts the material in the form of small chips. An orthogonal metal cutting process process Fig.1.Turning of cylindrical work piece Cutting Tool Nomenclature The single point tool consists of a shar called as shank,the point of the tool is bounded by the face The image part with relationship ID rId14 was not found in the file. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) 2020 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 30932 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Experimental Analysis of Machining Parameters with Single Point Cutting Tool Venkatesh, R. Rudrabhi Ramu, M. S. R. Viswanath Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vignans Institute of Information Technology (A) Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India The metal cutting process for material removing in turning process using a single point tool on the work piece will influence, the machining in terms of efficiency under variable cutting conditions such as and depth of the cute rate during the removal of material in the form of chips from the cylindrical work piece. is one of the important tool for machining operations in many manufacturing industries. In this paper, the tal analysis is performed and the effect of parameters like depth of the cut and feed on surface roughness, tool life and MRR are determined and compared. The work piece choosen for the experiment is S50C medium carbon steel with HSS single point Cutting tool and the results are obtained, calculated and roughness, Tool life How to cite this paper Venkatesh | R. Rudrabhi Ramu | M. S. R. Viswanath "Experimental Analysis of Machining Parameters on Turning with Single Point Cutting Tool" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456 6470, Volume Issue-4, June 2020, pp.225 www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30932.pdf Copyright © 20 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0) ove a metal from diameter of a rotating cylindrical the diameter of required dimension and a smooth finish on the work is a single-point to the tool holder the cutting tool feed into the rotating cylindrical in the form of small chips. An orthogonal metal cutting process is used in this Fig.1.Turning of cylindrical work piece Single Point Nomenclature tool consists of a sharp cutting point he point of the tool is bounded by the face, the side flank , the end flank and the base. are made up of different materials like HSS, and Diamonds. Single Point consists of shank,Flank,Face Cutting Edges and tool angles consists of s end cutting edge angle, s angle,back Rack angle, side rake angle. Fig.2.Single point tool International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456 – 6470 2020 Page 225 f Machining Parameters on ith Single Point Cutting Tool Viswanath Vignans Institute of Information Technology (A), How to cite this paper: P. H. J. Venkatesh | R. Rudrabhi Ramu | M. S. R. Viswanath "Experimental Analysis of Machining Parameters on Turning with Single Point Cutting Tool" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development jtsrd), ISSN: 2456- 6470, Volume-4 | 4, June 2020, pp.225-227, URL: www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30932.pdf Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article ibuted under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ the end flank and the base.The single tools up of different materials like high carbon steels, Single Point Cutting Tool Geometry Face,Heel,Nose,Nose radius and and tool angles consists of side Cutting edge, side relief angle, end relief , side rake angle. Fig.2.Single point tool Nomenclature IJTSRD30932
- 2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD30932 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 226 PARAMETERS EVALUATED USING TURNING PROCESS The experiment is conducted by considering HSS[2] single point tool operating on S50Cmedium carbon steel work piece in turning process.These machining test is performed on a conventional lathe machine. The work piece of cylindrical shape having a diameter of 30mm and a length of 350mm. A Lathe machine with a spindle speed range from 200rpm to 700 rpm was used for the machining.The machining center was driven with 6.5 kw electric motor. The experiment is performed under the dry machining environment.The tool life can be determined by mathematical relation for calculation of total length of effective cut.The tool life data is collected for each of the different cutting conditions and tabulated. S50C medium carbon steel composition: Table.1.S50C composition Grade C Mn p si s S50C 0.47-0.53 0.60-0.90 0.030 0.15-0.35 0.035 S50C grade carbon steel is widely used in machine manufacturing, mechanical parts such as springs, gears, tension bars, the rollers, the axis, and the load spindle. Table 2.Process parameters of turning process S.NO PARAMETERS LEVEL 1 2 3 1. Spindle speed N, rev/min 250 450 650 2. Feed rate f, mm/rev 0.4 0.8 1.2 3. Depth of cut d, mm 0.5 1 1.5 The effect of cutting parameters on cutting force, tool life and surface finish are evaluated and tabulated. Theoretical calculations for the experimental values[1] Consider, FC Cutting force in N TL Tool life (seconds) Ra Theoretical Surface Roughness in (μm) MRR Material Remove Rate in cm3/min N Spindle speed in rpm f feed rate in mm/rev d depth of cut in mm VC Cutting speed in m/min Diameter of the work piece D = 0.03m Length of the work piece, L= 0.35m For 250 rpm, Cutting speed in m/min VC= 1000 ND ××π = 1000 25003.0 ××π =0.2356 m/min Theoretical Surface Roughness in (μm) Ra= 3 2 10 8 × ×r f = 3 10 8.08.0 4.04.0 × × × =25μm Material Remove Rate in cm3/min MRR = fdVC ×× = 0.2356×0.5×0.4=0.05 cm3/min Tool life (seconds) TL = Nf D ×× × 2 60 = 2504.0 30060 × × =210 Seconds Similar way for all other calculations are done and tabulated in the following table 3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION Table.3. Experimental value of different parameters of turning process S.NO N f d Fc VC Ra (μm) TL MRR 1. 250 0.4 0.5 490 0.235 25 210 0.05 2. 250 0.8 1 1672 0.235 25 105 0.19 3. 250 1.2 1.5 2340 0.235 25 70 0.42 4. 450 0.4 0.5 490 0.424 100 116 0.08 5. 450 0.8 1 1672 0.424 100 59 0.34 6. 450 1.2 1.5 2340 0.424 100 38 0.76 7. 650 0.4 0.5 490 0.612 225 81 0.12 8. 650 0.8 1 1672 0.612 225 40 0.49 9. 650 1.2 1.5 2340 0.612 225 27 1.10
- 3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD30932 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 227 Graphs Fig.3. TL varied with VC Fig.4. Ra varied with VC Fig.5. MRRvaried with Vc Fig.6.MRRvaried with depth of cut CONCLUSION The results obtained shows the variable changes on all machining parameters such a high depth and feed rate the effect on the MRR increased with the increase in feed rate of the cut and when cutting speed value is increased the MRR value is also increased it clearly shows that when there is increase in the spindle speed the material rate is increased and tool life time varied with the cutting speed also. The surface roughness value increased with high cutting speed. The experiment further can be conducted on different materials of single point tool in presence of coolant for better results than obtained as this experiment was conducted in the dry environment and with the same considerations the above experiment can be conducted with the CNC Lathe with a correct correlation of machining parameters with correct material of single point tool can be choosen to reduce the loss of energy and better finishing of work piece. REFERENCES [1] Kapil Sharma, Dalgobind Mahto, Sen S S. In Metal Turning, Effect of Various Parameters on Cutting Tool: A Review- International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (IJAIEM), Aug 2013, 2(8), 32-38. [2] Wear Analysis of Single Point Cutting Tool With and Single Point Cutting Tool with and without Coating:Nitin M Mali,T.Mahender IJREAT International Journal of Research in Engineering & Advanced Technology, Volume 3, Issue 3, June-July, 2015. [3] Effects of single point cutting tool materials on tool work interface and cutting performance using FEAS:Arun Prasath , Ankit Kumar , Hemanta Deka and Abhishek Lahkar:IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 402 (2018) 012133 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/402/1/012133. [4] PNRAO, “Metal cutting and machine tools”, Text book of Tata Mech Grawhill publications, Vol.2, 3rd Edition, 2013. [5] D. A. Axinte, W. Belluco, L. De Chiffre ,“Evaluation of cutting force uncertainty components in Turning” International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture 41, 2001, pp. 719–730,. 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.42 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 Vcinm/min TL in min 252525 100100100 225225225 0 50 100 150 200 250 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 VC RA 1.1 0.34 0.12 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 MRRincubcm/min Vc 1.1 0.34 0.12 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 MRRincubcm/min Depth of cut in mm