Experimental Method of Data Collection
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This document discusses various data collection methods used in business research including censuses, surveys, observation, questionnaires, interviews, and case studies. It then focuses on experimental methods, defining independent, dependent, and controlled variables. An experiment aims to test one variable at a time in a fair, unbiased manner by manipulating the independent variable and measuring its effect on the dependent variable while controlling other outside factors. Examples are given of experiments involving puzzle completion times, water temperature at different depths, and taste preferences with varying sugar levels.
Experimental Method of Data Collection
- 1. DATA COLLECTION METHODS Presentation by : ENHT 07 Abhilashini, Chathura, Croos, Dhanusha, Hema, Madhusha, Niroshini, Sajith, Sanjaya, Shehani, Udari
- 2. Data Collection Methods • In business research, data is collected from various sources and a variety of methods are used in its collection. • Some of these methods are: – Census or Surveys – Observation – Questionnaires and Interviews – Case Studies – Experiments
- 6. Experimental Method • The experimental method involves manipulating one variable to determine if changes in one variable cause changes in another variable.
- 7. Variables? • A variable is anything in an experiment that can change or vary. • There are 3 kinds of variables: – Independent Variable – Dependent variable – Controlled Variables or Controlled Environment
- 8. Characteristics of An Experiment • Test one variable at a time. • Must be fair and unbiased. • Does not allow any out side factor to affect the final out come • Is a valid test. (proving a hypothesis) • Has repeated trials. (minimizing outcome errors)
- 9. Merits of Experimentation • The biggest advantage of the experimental method is it's unique ability to isolate causal factors, since an experiment is highly controlled. • This method promises more accuracy in the study. • Reliable data can be collected. • This is more suitable to the problem with heterogeneous (varied) influencing factors.
- 10. Demerits of Experimentation • The disadvantage is that exactly this control may distort the validity of the obtained results, and especially the ecological validity. • This is very costly method. • This is suitable to Simple problems with limited scope. • This is a time consuming method.
- 11. Situation 01 • Students were given the same jigsaw puzzle to put together and they were timed. – Independent Variable • Ages of Students – Dependent Variable • Time taken to put the puzzle together – Controlled variable • Every one is given the same puzzle
- 12. Situation 02 • The temperature of water was measured at different depths of a pond – Independent Variable • Depths of the water – Dependent Variable • Temperature – Controlled variable • Same pond, Same thermometer
- 13. Situation 03 • The taste of a plain tea was tested by using different levels amounts of sugar. – Independent Variable • Level of sugar – Dependent Variable • Taste – Controlled Variable • Same Cup, Same sugar brand, same tea leaves, same temperature level of hot water
- 14. Sources : • Lightfoot, Cole & Cole (2008). The development of children. • Lilienfeld (2011). Psychology: from inquiry to understanding. • http://www.extension.org/pages/67849/expe rimental-design#.U22yAvmSwro • Wikipedia.com