Explanation text and report text
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The document provides explanations of different text types including reports, explanations, and the features that characterize their structure and language. It then provides examples of each type. For reports, it analyzes a text about platypus that describes its physical characteristics and habitat. For explanations, it examines a sample about the process of making paper from woodchips. It also analyzes why summer daylight is longer than winter daylight.
Explanation text and report text
- 2. REPORT TEXT
- 3. DEFINITION AND PURPOSE OF REPORT TEXT Report is a text which present information about something, as it is. It is as a result of systematic observation and analyses Purpose: To describe the general things/person.
- 4. GENERAL STRUCTURE General classification Description / Bundles of spesific information Tells what the phenomenon under discussion; in the terms of part, qualities, habits or behaviors. Stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal, public place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general
- 5. LANGUAGE FEATURES Use of general nouns (ex. hunting dogs) Use relating verbs to describe features (ex. molecules are tiny particles) Some use action verbs when describing behaviour (ex. cat cannot fly) Use timeless present tense to indicate usualness (ex. Tropical cyclones always begin over the sea) Use the technical terms, (ex. isobars are lines drawn on a weather map) Use paraghraphs with topic sentences to organize bundles of information Use present tense, if things/persons described are still alive Use past tense, if persons has been died
- 6. PLATYPUS Many people call platypus duckbill because this animal has a bill like duckbill. Platypus is a native Tasmania and southern and eastern Australia. Platypus has a flat tail and webbed feet. Its body length is 30 to 45 cm and covered with a thick, and woolly layer of fur. Its bill is detecting prey and stirring up mud. Platypus’ eyes and head are small. It has no ears but has ability to sense sound and light. Platypus lives in streams, rivers, and lakes. Female platypus usually dig burrows in the streams or river banks. The burrows are blocked with soil to protect it from intruders and flooding. In the other hand, male platypus does not need any burrow to stay.
- 7. ANALYZING ON THE TEXT Generic Structure analysis General classification; stating general classification, the animal of platypus. Description; describing in detail characterization of platypus’ body and habitual life • Language Feature Analysis Focusing in group; the animal of platypus Logical connective; but, in the other hand Simple present tense; Platypus lives in streams, male platypus doesn’t any burrow.
- 9. DEFINITION AND PURPOSE OF EXPLANATION Explanation is a text which tells procceses relating to forming of natural social, scientific and cultural phenomena. Explanation text is to say 'why' and 'how' of the forming of the phenomena. Is often found in science geography and history text books.
- 10. GENERIC STRUCTURE OF EXPLANATION TEXT General statement,stating the phenomena issues which are to be explained Squenced explanation stating a series of steps which explain the phenomena Closing General statement Sequenced of explanation Closing
- 11. LANGUAGE FEATURES 1. Featuring generic participant.;sun, rain, etc 2. Using chronological connection; (to begin, with, next, etc) 3. Using passive voice 4.Using simple present tense 5. Using abstract noun
- 12. MAKING PAPER FROM WOODCHIPS General statement Woodchping is a process used to obtain pulp and paper products from forest trees. The woodchiping process begins when the trees are cut down in a selected areaof the forest called a coupe. Sequence of explanation next the tops and branches of the trees are cut cut and then the logs are taken to the mill. At the mill the bark of the logs is removed and the logs taken to a chipper which cuts them into small piecies called woodchips. The woodchips are then screened to remove dirt and other impurities. At this stage they are either exported and heat. The pulp is then bleached and water content is removed. Closing Finally the pulp is rolled out to make paper.
- 13. WHY SUMMER DAYLIGHT IS LONGGER THAN WINTER DAYLIGHT In the summer, the amount of daylight that we get is more than we get in winter. This is not because as much people think we are closer to the sun but because of the tilt of the earth. The earth is actually closer to the sun in winter than it is in summer but you would be forgiven for thinking that this can not be true after looking out of your window on a cold and frosty morning. It seems strange that as the earth get closer to the sun during its orbit then the amount of daylight that we get decrease. But that is the case. It is the tilt of the earth that determine the amount of daylight that we get and so the length of time that for us the sun is above the horizon.
- 14. THE ANALYSIS • Generic Structure analysis General statement; stating the phenomenon whic daylight in summer is longer than in winter. Explanation; it is the tilt of the earth that determines the amount of daylight not the distance of the earth from the sun. • Language Feature Analysis Focusing generic participant; daylight Using chronological connection; then, so, but. Using pasive voice; you would be forgiven. Using present tense; the earth is actually closer to the sun.